Abstract: In a process where an ortho-alkylnitrobenzene derivative and a vinyl compound as starting materials are used to prepare a 1,5-diaminonaphthalene derivative via a 4-(2-nitrobenzene)propane derivative and a 5-nitro-1-tetralone derivative, the ortho-alkylnitrobenzene derivative and a vinyl compound having an electron withdrawing group such as an acrylonitrile derivative and an acrylate may be reacted in the presence of a base to provide an aromatic nitro compound. An aromatic nitro compound such as 4-(2-nitrobenzene)butanonitrile thus obtained may be cyclized to safely, cost-effectively and selectively provide a 5-nitro-1-tetralone derivative without forming any isomer. Furthermore, from the 5-nitro-1-tetralone derivative, a 1,5-diaminonaphthalene derivative may be prepared without forming any isomer.

Abstract: In a process where an ortho-alkylnitrobenzene derivative and a vinyl compound as starting materials are used to prepare a 1,5-diaminonaphthalene derivative via a 4-(2-nitrobenzene)propane derivative and a 5-nitro-1-tetralone derivative, the ortho-alkylnitrobenzene derivative and a vinyl compound having an electron withdrawing group such as an acrylonitrile derivative and an acrylate may be reacted in the presence of a base to provide an aromatic nitro compound. An aromatic nitro compound such as 4-(2-nitrobenzene)butanonitrile thus obtained may be cyclized to safely, cost-effectively and selectively provide a 5-nitro-1-tetralone derivative without forming any isomer. Furthermore, from the 5-nitro-1-tetralone derivative, a 1,5-diaminonaphthalene derivative may be prepared without forming any isomer.

Abstract: The invention is a preparation process of alkylcyclohexanol alkylene oxide adduct which contains almost no alkylphenol alkylene oxide adduct 1) in the absence of a solvent, 2) in the presence of a saturated hydrocarbon solvent, or 3) in the presence of water. The invention can prepare alkylcyclohexanol alkylene oxide having a 200 ppm or less content of alkylphenol and alkylphenol alkylene oxide adduct. The alkylcyclohexanol alkylene oxide adduct obtained in the process of the invention has less ultraviolet absorption and fluorescence due to alkylphenol alkylene oxide adduct and is thus useful for spectrometric analysis of protein and further has excellent properties in the field of detergent and other common uses of surface active agents.

Abstract: The invention is a preparation process of alkylcyclohexanol alkylene oxide adduct which contains almost no alkylphenol alkylene oxide adduct 1) in the absence of a solvent, 2) in the presence of a saturated hydrocarbon solvent, or 3) in the presence of water.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a substituted amine represented by the general formula (IV):R.sup.2 NHOR.sup.3 (IV)(wherein R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group or a heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon group, and R.sup.3 represents a hydrocarbon group or a heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon group), which comprises the steps of:(b) reacting a hydroxamic acid represented by the general formula (II):R.sup.1 CONHOH (II)(wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group) in the presence of a base with a reaction reagent capable of introducing a hydrocarbon or a heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon group to an oxygen atom and/or a nitrogen atom to form a substituted hydroxamic acid represented by the general formula (III): ##STR1## (wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.

Abstract: A manufacturing method for polycarbonate comprising ?I! a process for manufacturing diaryl carbonate from an aromatic hydroxy compound and an aromatic hydroxy compound, ?II! a process for manufacturing polycarbonate by solution polymerization of the diaryl carbonate obtained in ?II! and an aromatic dihydroxy compound in the presence of a catalyst comprising a nitrogen-containing basic compound, and ?III! a process for separating and removing the nitrogen-containing compound from the aromatic hydroxy by-products in ?II! and returning the resultant aromatic hydroxy compounds to process ?I! effectively reuses aromatic hydroxy by-products (e.g., phenols) of polycarbonate manufacturing to manufacture diaryl carbonate, while suppressing the production of alkyl aromatic ethers and then uses this diaryl carbonate to manufacture polycarbonate with good productivity.