Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a plate type titanium heat exchanger in which a plurality of titanium herringbone plates are laminated and flow paths are formed between the respective herringbone plates, after brazing materials are charged or coated to the joints between the herringbone plates, respectively, the herringbone plates are placed in a vacuum heating furnace, subjected to vacuum degas processing while being gradually heated, and joined to each other by brazing by being more heated after a prescribed vacuum pressure has been obtained.

Abstract: This invention relates to use of copolymers which are obtained through copolymerization, in the presence of a radical-polymerization initiator, of monomeric mixtures comprising: macromonomers obtained by (co)polymerizing, in the presence of a metal complex which is a catalytic chain transfer agent or an addition-cleavage-type chain transfer agent, and optionally a radical-polymerization initiator, at least one polymerizable monomer selected from methacrylic acid esters and styrene and if necessary methacrylic acid, or the macromonomers into which polymerizable unsaturated groups are further introduced; polymerizable unsaturated monomers containing at least one ionic functional group selected from amino, quaternary ammonium salt and sulfonic acid groups; polyoxyalkylene chain-containing nonionic polymerizable unsaturated monomers; and other ethylenically unsaturated monomers (D); and also such copolymers into which long chain alkyl groups are further introduced, as pigment-dispersing resins to be used in w

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of a copolymer of polymerizable unsaturated monomer containing at least one kind of ionic functional group selected from the group consisting of quaternary ammonium salt group and sulfonic acid group, nonionic polymerizable unsaturated monomer having polyoxyalkylene chain, and other ethylenically unsaturated monomer, as a pigment dispersing resin for water-based paint or water-based ink.

Abstract: This invention relates to use of a copolymer of a high acid value macromonomer which is obtained through copolymerization of specific monomeric components including methacrylic acid in the presence of a metal complex which is a catalytic chain transfer agent or an addition cleavage-type chain transfer agent, and optionally a radical-polymerization initiator, or this macromonomer into which a polymerizable unsaturated group is further introduced, with an ethylenically unsaturated monomer; and said copolymer into which further a long chain alkyl group is introduced; as pigment-dispersing resins to be used in water-based paint.

Abstract: This invention relates to use of copolymers which are obtained through copolymerization, in the presence of a radical-polymerization initiator, of monomeric mixtures comprising:

Abstract: This invention relates to use of a copolymer of a high acid value macromonomer which is obtained through copolymerization of specific monomeric components including methacrylic acid in the presence of a metal complex which is a catalytic chain transfer agent or an addition cleavage-type chain transfer agent, and optionally a radical-polymerization initiator, or this macromonomer into which a polymerizable unsaturated group is further introduced, with an ethylenically unsaturated monomer; and said copolymer into which further a long chain alkyl group is introduced; as pigment-dispersing resins to be used in water-based paint.

Abstract: The present invention provides a tire air pressure reduction detecting apparatus arranged such that both an ABS processing and an air pressure reduction judgment processing can be executed with a single microcomputer. A vacant period of time t.sub.n for timing waiting is prepared in each ABS cycle. Utilizing such vacant periods of time t.sub.n, an air pressure reduction Judgment processing is dispersively executed in a time-division manner in a plurality of such vacant periods of time t.sub.n (FIG. 4).

Abstract: A device for calculating a correction factor for correcting an output of a rotational velocity detecting device for detecting the rotational velocities of right and left tires mounted on a vehicle. Discrimination between a state where the vehicle is traveling linearly and a state where the vehicle is traveling on a curved path is made on the basis of the output of the rotational velocity detecting device. Only when it is judged that the vehicle is traveling linearly, an initial correction factor for eliminating the effect of a difference in effective rolling radius between the tires, depending on an initial difference on the rotational velocities of the tires, is calculated.

Abstract: According to the present invention, an initial correction is executed on the dynamic load radii of the tires automatically, for example, at the time when the power supply of the computer for executing a tire air pressure reduction detection processing is turned on for the first time after the tire air pressure reduction detecting apparatus has been produced. It is therefore not required to press the initialization switch for making an initial correction. This results in a reduction in the number of inspection steps.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting the drop in air pressure of any of tires mounted on a vehicle. The device finds, in finding an initial correction factor for eliminating the effect of a difference in effective rolling radius depending on an initial difference among the tires on the rotational angular velocities of the tires, the ratio of the rotational angular velocities of a predetermined pair of the tires as an initial correction factor, averaging and updating the initial correction factor for each sampling period, and taking the initial correction factor found when the number of times of the updation reaches a predetermined number of times as the final initial correction factor. When it is judged that the air pressure of any of the tires drops before the final initial correction factor is found, the calculation of the initial correction factor is stopped.

Abstract: An ABS microcomputer 16 counts the number of pulses given between two counted times and executes a specific processing based on the data of pulse number and pulse counting period. The DWS microcomputer 21 receives the data of pulse number and pulse counting period of the ABS microcomputer 16 through the communication line 17 to calculate the rotational angular velocities of the tires based on the data of pulse number and pulse counting period so that the calculated rotational angular velocities of the four tires are compared with one another to detect whether or not there is a tire reduced in air pressure.

Abstract: For an optical card in which write-once-information can be optically recorded as a file, an optical card provided with a registered region of directory information including a file name discriminating a file and a file size, a registered region of directory modified information for enabling to delete and modify the directory information, such as renaming is disclosed. Also, a management method of an optical card file in which the directory information can be deleted and modified, such as renamed by the directory modified information is disclosed.

Abstract: After an error correcting code is added to a data to be recorded at recording, a data converting process, such as data rotation or data interchange is executed so as to exceed an error correcting ability when the data is reproduced at reproducing, and then the data is recorded on a recording medium. At the time of data reproducing, an inverse data converting process of the data converting process at the time of data recording is executed and then, errors are corrected to restore the data. In a case when the data converting process at reproducing does not coincide with the inverse data converting process at recording, errors exceeding the error correcting ability are generated in most of the cases. Thus, the information recording/reproducing apparatus of this invention has a function for protecting the data.

Abstract: A read head makes a relative movement with respect to a recording medium to simultaneously read data from at least two of a plurality of recording areas of the recording medium in which the data is recorded. A memory section stores data from at least one of the two recording areas read by the read head. A relative position detecting section detects a relative position between the recording medium and the read head. A controlling section controls a storing operation of the data from the one of the two recording areas into the memory section, on the basis of an output of the relative position detecting section. A readout section reads out the data stored in the memory section in synchronization with a clock of a specified period. A modulation section demodulates the data read out by the readout section, after the modulation of the data read from another of the two recording areas.

Abstract: This optical recording medium includes a data part which is a region for recording data and a directory part which is a region for recording its management or direction information. The directory information relating to the above-mentioned data is recorded in the above-mentioned directory part having a hierarchical tree structure. In the recording and reproducing apparatus by using the above-mentioned recording medium, in retrieving data, by retrieving the directory information in the order of a large classification, medium classification and small classification, the data can be detected. Even a large volume of data can be retrieved at a high speed and the data is efficiently managed. It is effective particularly with recording medium with small numbers of sectors per track such as an optical card.

Abstract: A reloadable optical recording/reproducing apparatus for reloading data continuously from a recording area of a recording medium, onto which data has been recorded at the preceding recording operation, in accordance with the same modulating rule, the reloadable optical recording/reproducing apparatus comprising: a VFO circuit in which a reading VFO signal is obtained from a read signal obtained from a fact that an optical head scans an optical card; a demodulating circuit for demodulating the read signal and outputting demodulated data; a terminal recognizing device for detecting a synchronizing pattern of the terminal of the recording area, onto which data has been recorded at the preceding recording operation, from the demodulated data and outputting a terminal signal; a delay compensating device for proceeding the phase of the reading VFO signal at the timing defined in accordance with the terminal signal so as to output it as a writing VFO signal; a modulating device for modulating data to be reloaded in

Abstract: A method for the dephosphorization of a chromium-containing molten pig iron with a reduced oxidation loss of chromium wherein a solid-gas mixture of a particulate flux dispersed in an oxygen-containing gas is injected into the chromium-containing molten pig iron from a location below a surface level of the chromium-containing molten pig iron, the flux containing at least 70% by weight of CaO and CaF.sub.2 in sum with a weight ratio of CaO to CaF.sub.2 (CaO/CaF.sub.2) of not lower than 4/6, the solid-gas mixture having an O.sub.2 /(CaO+CaF.sub.2) ratio within the range of from 20 to 120 Nl/kg wherein O.sub.2 is an amount of oxygen in Nl contained in the oxygen-containing gas.

Abstract: A method for the preliminary treatment of molten hot metal for steel making comprising passing molten hot metal towards the downstream side in a horizontally disposed trough-like vessel and injecting obliquely downwards a powdered refining agent into the molten hot metal by use of an oxygen-containing gas as a carrier through one or more single-pipe nozzles installed on the side wall of the vessel with the nozzle port being positioned below the surface of the hot metal in the vessel.

Abstract: A method of producing a crosslinked, uniformly foamed article of a polypropylene resin is provided. The polypropylene resin containing a crosslinking agent and a foaming agent is extruded through a long-land die which is provided with a choking die at an intermediate portion thereof; a lubricant is provided on the inner surface of the long-land die; the crosslinking agent is decomposed in the front stage of the long-land die; and the foaming agent is decomposed in the rear stage of the long-land die.An ethylene-propylene random copolymer resin which contains 2 to 10 wt. % of ethylene and has a melt flow rate of 5 g/10 minutes or more at 230.degree. C. and a melt expansion ratio of 1.4 of less at 190.degree. C. is used as the polypropylene resin.

Abstract: A process for treating an effluent gas which includes the steps of leading an effluent gas containing sulfur oxides (SO.sub.x) and/or nitrogen oxides (NO.sub.x) to a radiation irradiation zone, adding ammonia (NH.sub.3) to the effluent gas before, during or after the irradiation, collecting resulting ammonium sulfate and/or ammonium nitrate by means of a dust collector, and releasing the effluent gas into the atmosphere. The desulfurization and/or denitration rate is improved by using as the dust collector a bag filter alone or a combination of an electrostatic precipitator and a bag filter, and adjusting the effluent gas temperature at the outlet of the bag filter within the range of from a temperature at which the humidity of the effluent gas is saturated to 100.degree. C.