Abstract: A medical or dental material can be prepared by using, as an active ingredient, at least one of a protamine, and derivatives thereof and hydrolysates thereof, or a complex of at least one of a protamine, and derivatives thereof and hydrolysates thereof with an anionic high molecular weight compound. As a result, an antibacterial agent against periodontal disease-causing bacteria can be provided, which is highly safe without concern of a side effect. A medical or dental material can be also provided, which exhibits antimicrobial activity on periodontal disease-causing bacteria and additionally has insolubility in water and good formability.

Abstract: The present invention provides a laminated structure for measuring reflected light intensity able to measure the thickness of a surface adsorbed film with high sensitivity by a simple optical technique. Provided are a laminated structure for measuring reflected light intensity at at least one wavelength that comprises a valve metal optical interference layer, and a method for measuring film thickness and/or mass and/or viscosity of a thin film targeted for measurement by radiating light onto the thin film targeted for measurement and measuring a change in reflected light intensity at at least one wavelength in a measurement medium in this laminated structure for measuring reflected light intensity.

Abstract: A medical or dental material can be prepared by using, as an active ingredient, at least one of a protamine, and derivatives thereof and hydrolysates thereof, or a complex of at least one of a protamine, and derivatives thereof and hydrolysates thereof with an anionic high molecular weight compound. As a result, an antibacterial agent against periodontal disease-causing bacteria can be provided, which is highly safe without concern of a side effect. A medical or dental material can be also provided, which exhibits antimicrobial activity on periodontal disease-causing bacteria and additionally has insolubility in water and good formability.

Abstract: The food astringency evaluating method of the invention comprises a step in which an astringent component of a food is reacted with a peptide to form a complex, a step in which a prescribed measured value is obtained corresponding to the amount of formation of the complex, and a step in which the strength of astringency is determined from the obtained measured value based on a previously obtained correlation between strength of astringency and the prescribed measured value.

Abstract: An oscillator (2) capable of oscillating signals of specified frequencies in dipped state in liquid, comprising a diaphragm of piezoelectric material (9) having a front surface (9a), a rear surface (9b), and a side surface (9c), a first electrode (10A) installed on the front surface (9a) of the diaphragm (9), a second electrode (10B) installed on the rear surface of the diaphragm (9), and a covering material (6) for covering at least the rear surface (9b) side of the diaphragm (9), wherein an opening (14) is provided in the covering material (6), the first electrode (10A) comes into contact with the liquid with the oscillator (2) dipped in the liquid, gas is held in a space (23) formed of the rear surface (9b) and the covering material (6), and the opening (14) is allowed to communicate with the space (23), whereby, even if the liquid temperature varies, the oscillation frequencies can be stabilized in a rather short time.

Abstract: The food astringency evaluating method of the invention comprises a step in which an astringent component of a food is reacted with a peptide to form a complex, a step in which a prescribed measured value is obtained corresponding to the amount of formation of the complex, and a step in which the strength of astringency is determined from the obtained measured value based on a previously obtained correlation between strength of astringency and the prescribed measured value.

Abstract: A method for producing a fluoropolymer, which comprises polymerizing a monomer containing a fluoromonomer having a polymerizable double bond, using an initiator, in a medium containing fluoroform and water, under a condition such that fluoroform is in a supercritical state.

Abstract: This invention provides a precursor compound of a novel fluorescence-labeled probe for DNA, prepared by covalent binding of a fluorescent substance such as fluorescein isothiocyanate, wherein a conjugating group was bounded, with aminoalkylate phenylamine. This invention also provides a novel fluorescence-labeled probe for DNA by diazotizing amino group of phenylamine contained in the precursor compound. Furthermore, a fluorescence labeled plasmid can be produced by conjugating the fluorescence-labeled probe and purine ring of guanine contained in the DNA plasmid through diazonium group.

Abstract: A method for producing a fluoropolymer, which comprises polymerizing a monomer containing a fluoromonomer having a polymerizable double bond, using an initiator, in a medium containing fluoroform and water, under a condition such that fluoroform is in a supercritical state.

Abstract: This invention is related to glucoxide derivatives for enzyme modification of the following general formula (1), to provide a lipid-coated enzyme showing high activity in organic solvents; antifouling paint compositions containing a lipid-coated enzyme being stable in organic solvents by coating with a C.sub.6 to C.sub.30 lipid, and a paint resin, to be capable of forming paint films having good antifouling activity and durability and allowing an enzyme to retain good stability in the paint and in paint films; and self-polishing antifouling paint compositions containing an enzyme-susceptible resin and a lipid-coated enzyme capable of catalyzing the degradation of said resin and being stable in organic solvents by coating with a C.sub.6 to C.sub.30 lipid, to retain the antifouling effect for a prolonged period of time without adversely affecting the environment.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method of detecting bitter or odor odorous substances, which method comprises adsorbing the bitter or odorous substances onto an immobilized bilayer film and directly, quantitatively, separately, and selectively detecting the adsorbed bitter or odorous substances, and an apparatus therefor.

Abstract: An agent or device for the determination of antigen or antibody comprising capsules of a water-insoluble, dye-permeable polymer or a liquor-pool covered by said polymer, an antien, antibody or hapten immobilized on the surface of said polymer, and a dye solution enclosed or held in said capsules or liquor-pool, and a method for determining antigen or antibody using said agent or device, which can be conveniently used for the serodiagnosis of various diseases.

Abstract: A method of determining the amount of the substances or ions contained in an ionic solution or a non-deionized solution by measuring the frequency of a one side barrier-covered crystal oscillator comprising a crystal oscillator, a barrier to cover over one of the electrodes of the crystal oscillator through a predetermined insulative space so as to prevent the ionic solution or the non-deionized solution from permeating therethrough and an adsorption film cast on the other electrode of the crystal oscillator, in situ in the state that the one side barrier-covered crystal oscillator is dipped in the ionic solution or the non-deionized solution, and the one side barrier-covered crystal oscillator used therefor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a nylon capsule to whose pore portion is applied a bimolecular membrane so that the capsule can respond to pH.The nylon capsule accommodates various matters such that they can be released into the outside depending on the change of pH. The nylon capsule is useful, for example, for the missile treatment of anticancer drugs, and as a gradually-releasing microcapsule.

Abstract: A stable molecular aggregate having an ordered structure comprising a surfactant containing a hydrophilic moiety and hydrophobic moiety and having in the hydrophobic moiety or between the hydrophobic moiety and the hydrophilic moiety a rigid moiety at least 10 .ANG. long is disclosed. The structure, unlike the spherical micelle formed by an ordinary surfactant in water or the loose lamellar micelle formed by a soap in a high concentration, is stable and durable in low concentrations, keeping a high degree of regularity. The structure has primarily a bilayer structure as a basic structural unit.