Abstract: A fuel injector has a swirl generator located downstream from a valve seat. A fuel injection hole is connected to a downstream side of the swirl generator. The swirl generator includes a swirl chamber having an involute or a spiral shape and the fuel injection hole bored at a bottom or the swirl chamber and a swirl generation use passage connected to the upstream side of the swirl chamber for introducing fuel into the swirl chamber. The bottom of the swirl chamber is provided with a step height so as to make a level difference in which the bottom of the swirl chamber is lower than a bottom of the swirl generation use passage, and the step height is formed at a position where fuel flowing into the swirl chamber from the swirl generation use passage meets fuel turning in the swirl chamber.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve realizing improved circumferential uniformity of swirling fuel is provided. The fuel injection valve includes swirling chambers each having an inner peripheral wall whose curvature is gradually larger from upstream to downstream, paths for swirling each of which, having a fuel flow-in region formed along a valve axis direction, guides fuel to the associated one of the swirling chambers, and fuel injection orifices open into the associated swirling chambers, respectively. In the fuel injection valve, the paths for swirling are interconnected in a central portion of an orifice plate and are smaller in height toward where they are interconnected.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve realizing improved circumferential uniformity of swirling fuel is provided. The fuel injection valve includes swirling chambers each having an inner peripheral wall whose curvature is gradually larger from upstream to downstream, paths for swirling each of which, having a fuel flow-in region formed along a valve axis direction, guides fuel to the associated one of the swirling chambers, and fuel injection orifices open into the associated swirling chambers, respectively. In the fuel injection valve, a curved portion is formed on the bottom, in a sectional view along the valve axis direction, of an inlet portion of each of the paths for swirling so as to change the fuel flow in each of the paths for swirling.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve realizing improved circumferential uniformity of swirling fuel is provided. The fuel injection valve includes a swirling chamber having an inner peripheral wall whose curvature is gradually larger from upstream to downstream, a path for swirling which, having a fuel flow-in region formed along a valve axis direction, guides fuel to the swirling chamber, and a fuel injection orifice open into the swirling chamber. In the fuel injection valve, the path for swirling is inclined toward the fuel injection orifice formed on a downstream side of the swirling chamber.

Abstract: The present invention provides: a polysaccharide derivative containing a structure wherein hydrogen atoms in a hydroxyl group at the 2-position and the 3-position of a structure unit of polysaccharide are substituted with different substituents respectively represented by a specific general formula; and, a separating agent for optical isomers, which contains such a polysaccharide derivative. The present invention can provide a novel polysaccharide derivative which has excellent optical isomer separating ability, and is thus suitable for a separating agent for optical isomers, and can provide a separating agent for optical isomers which contains the polysaccharide derivative.

Abstract: A magnitude of a current component in x direction, y direction or z direction, or a composite current of the current components in x direction, y direction and z direction, estimated from scalp potentials outputted from sensors mounted on a head of a subject, predetermined coordinates of lattice points preset in a standard brain, and predetermined coordinates of the sensors is determined. A normalized power variance (NPV) and its mean value are determined with Fourier coefficients determined from the magnitude of the current component or the composite current. Z-score (or Y-score) of the subject from a mean value of NPV predetermined in the same manner as the mean value and a standard deviation of the NPV for a predetermined normal person group is determined and mapped with contour lines corresponding to the lattice points on a horizontal plane designated.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve is disclosed with enhanced uniformity of a swirl flow in the circumferential direction. The valve includes a swirling chamber having an inner wall surface with a helical curve and a swirling passage for guiding fuel into the chamber. The valve is formed such that the center of a circle as the basis of the helical curve and the center of a fuel injection hole open in the swirling chamber align with one another. The joint between the passage for swirling and the inner circumferential wall on the downstream side of the chamber at which both walls intersect is positioned between a line from the center of the hole to a point at which the curvature of the swirling chamber shape starts to change; and a tangent line of the side wall of the hole so drawn that it is in parallel to the line segment.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve which ensures improved uniformity of a swirl flow in a circumferential direction. It includes: a valve element provided movably; a nozzle body with an opening downstream, including a valve seat face for the valve element to rest on in a valve closed state; a swirling path communicating with the opening of the nozzle body, located downstream of the opening; a swirling chamber located downstream of the swirling path, in which fuel is swirled and given a swirling force; and a fuel injection hole formed at the bottom of the swirling chamber to inject fuel outward. The swirling chamber has an inner wall surface which makes a spiral curve. The swirling chamber and the fuel injection hole are formed so that the center of a base circle for the spiral curve coincides with the center of the fuel injection hole.

Abstract: A rotational-to-linear conversion mechanism inhibits interference from occurring in places except for an engagement site to increase the efficiency of conversion mechanism and reliability, which has: a rack rod 1 including thread on its outer peripheral face; a holder member 3 provided on the outer periphery of the rack rod, rotating about the rack rod and moving in the axis direction; and revolving rollers 21 rotatably supported in the holder member, each having ring-shaped grooves formed in its outer peripheral face to be engaged with the thread, and placed at an axis angle with respect to a center axis of the rack rod to allow the ring-shaped grooves to be engaged with the thread on the rack rod. A contact face of the thread with each ring-shaped groove in an engagement site of the thread and the ring-shaped groove is formed as a convex face having different curvatures in a radial direction.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel injection valve that is made superior in atomization performance by preventing an influence of minute deformation occurring when an orifice plate is assembled to a nozzle body, thereby reducing fuel leakage from a swirling passage to increase the strength of a swirl flow. The valve includes a valve body openable and closable to jet fuel; a nozzle body having a valve seat surface capable of coming into contact with the valve body to block the jet of fuel; and an orifice plate disposed downstream of the valve seat surface and having a plurality of fuel injection holes adapted to jet swirl fuel. The nozzle body has an end face portion with a downwardly convex inclined surface.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve which has: swirl chambers each having an inner wall whose curvature is gradually increased from upstream to downstream along fuel flow; passages for swirling motion, the passages permitting introduction of fuel into the swirl chambers; fuel injection holes opening into the swirl chambers and including at least two narrow-angle injection holes and a wide-angle injection hole from which at least two narrow-angle sprays and a wide-angle spray are respectively ejected; and an orifice plate provided with the injection holes. The narrow-angle injection holes are spaced a given distance from the center of the orifice plate. The wide-angle injection hole is formed on a line perpendicularly intersecting a line segment that interconnects the centers of the narrow-angle injection holes.

Abstract: An optical head capable of recording or playing back optical discs is provided. The optical disc comprises a light source to emit a beam, an objective to focus the beam on an optical disc, a beam dividing element having a plurality of divided areas with which to divide a cross section of the beam reflected from the optical disc, and a light detector to receive the beams divided by the beam dividing element, wherein the beam dividing element has in at least one of the plurality of areas an aberration imparting function of imparting an astigmatism or defocus aberration to a beam passing through that area.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a novel polysaccharide derivative used for a separating agent for optical isomers. The novel polysaccharide derivative contains a structure in which a hydrogen atom of a hydroxyl group or an amino group at 2-position in a structural unit of the polysaccharide is substituted with a monovalent group represented by the following general formula (1), and a hydrogen atom of a hydroxyl group or an amino group at 3-position in the structural unit is substituted with a monovalent group represented by the following general formula (2): R1—NH—CO—??(1) R2—NH—CO—??(2) where R1 and R2 represent substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups different from each other.

Abstract: A fuel injector has a swirl generator located downstream from a valve seat. A fuel injection hole is connected to a downstream side of the swirl generator. The swirl generator includes a swirl chamber having an involute or a spiral shape and the fuel injection hole bored at a bottom or the swirl chamber and a swirl generation use passage connected to the upstream side of the swirl chamber for introducing fuel into the swirl chamber. The bottom of the swirl chamber is provided with a step height so as to make a level difference in which the bottom of the swirl chamber is lower than a bottom of the swirl generation use passage, and the step height is formed at a position where fuel flowing into the swirl chamber from the swirl generation use passage meets fuel turning in the swirl chamber.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve includes a valve element movably disposed to a valve seat member having a valve seat and formed with an opening located at a downstream side thereof. A swirl imparting chamber is formed to impart a swirl force to fuel within the swirl imparting chamber by turning fuel. An injection hole is opened to the bottom of swirl imparting chamber to inject fuel to outside. Additionally, a communication passage is formed to connect the swirl imparting chamber with the opening of the valve seat member. In this fuel injection valve, the swirl imparting chamber and the communication passage are formed to satisfy the following equation: 0.15?W/D<0.5 where W is width of the communication passage; and D is diameter of the swirl imparting chamber.

Abstract: An optical head capable of recording or playing back optical discs is provided. The optical disc comprises a light source to emit a beam, an objective to focus the beam on an optical disc, a beam dividing element having a plurality of divided areas with which to divide a cross section of the beam reflected from the optical disc, and a light detector to receive the beams divided by the beam dividing element, wherein the beam dividing element has in at least one of the plurality of areas an aberration imparting function of imparting an astigmatism or defocus aberration to a beam passing through that area.

Abstract: There is provided a fuel injection valve, in which uniformity in swirl intensity in a peripheral direction of a swirl fuel is heightened. A fuel injection valve comprises a valve element 3 and a valve seat 10, which cooperate to open and close a fuel passage to perform injection of a fuel and stoppage of injection, a nozzle body 4 having the valve seat 10, a swirl passage 21 provided downstream of a seat portion 10a, on which the valve element 3 and the valve seat 10 contact with each other, and a swirl chamber 22, to which the swirl passage 21 and a fuel injection port 23 are connected, and a recess (buffer) 24 for enlargement of the swirl chamber 22 in volume is provided on a wall surface portion 4a of the swirl chamber 22 opposed to the fuel injection port 23.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve includes: a swirl chamber having an inner peripheral wall formed to be gradually increased in curvature toward a downstream side from an upstream side; a swirl passage, through which a fuel is introduced into the swirl chamber; and a fuel injection port opened to the swirl chamber, wherein the swirl chamber and the swirl passage are formed so that a side wall of the swirl passage connected to a downstream end side of the swirl chamber, or an extension thereof is made not to intersect a downstream side portion of the inner peripheral wall of the swirl chamber, or an extension thereof.

Abstract: A filler for optical isomer separation which: allows a polymer compound derivative to be immobilized on the surface of a carrier at a high ratio and is excellent in optical separation ability. The filler is characterized in that the filler is obtained by modifying part of the hydroxy or amino groups of a polymer compound having hydroxy or amino groups with molecules of a compound represented by the following general formula (I): A-X—Si(Y)nR3-n, and is carried by a carrier through chemical bonding.

Abstract: A filler for optical isomer separation which: allows a polymer compound derivative to be immobilized on the surface of a carrier at a high ratio and is excellent in optical separation ability. The filler is characterized in that the filler is obtained by modifying part of the hydroxy or amino groups of a polymer compound having the hydroxy or amino groups with molecules of a compound represented by the following general formula (I): A-X—Si(Y)nR3-n, and is carried by a carrier through chemical bonding.