Abstract: A reflective dynamic metasurface of an embodiment comprises a structure enabling phase modulation in each of pixels constituting at least a one-dimensional array. The metasurface includes: a laminated structure body having a transparent conductive layer and a dielectric layer; a first metal film on one surface of the laminated structure body; a second metal film on the other surface of the laminated structure body; and a drive circuit controlling voltage applied between the first and second metal films. The first and second metal films are arranged to sandwich the pixels. The first metal film is arranged to expose a pair of window regions in one pixel, and the second metal film includes partial metal films defining the shape of each pixel and separated from each other. The drive circuit individually controls the potential of each partial metal film, thereby modulating the phase of the input light for each pixel.

Abstract: A compound represented by the following formula (I), wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a methyl group or a trifluoromethyl group.

Abstract: A (meth)acrylic polymer obtained by polymerizing a (meth)acrylic ester of formula wherein R1 and R2 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R3 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or a trifluoromethyl group; and n and m are each independently an integer of 0 to 3, provided that n and m are not simultaneously 0. Also, a positive photoresist composition including the (meth)acrylic polymer and a method of forming a photoresist pattern with the positive photoresist composition.

Abstract: To provide an electrophotographic photoconductor, containing: a conductive support; a photosensitive layer provided above the conductive support; and a hardened protective layer provided above the photosensitive layer, wherein the hardened protective layer contains a hardened product of a radical polymerizable compound containing an adamantane skeleton.

Abstract: A compound represented by the following formula (I), wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a methyl group or a trifluoromethyl group.

Abstract: A homoadamantane derivative represented by the following formula (I): wherein R1 and R2 are independently a hydrogen atom or a linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, x is a hydroxyl group or a halogen atom, and n and m are independently an integer of 0 to 3, provided that n and m are not simultaneously 0.

Abstract: To provide an electrophotographic photoconductor, containing: a conductive support; a photosensitive layer provided above the conductive support; and a hardened protective layer provided above the photosensitive layer, wherein the hardened protective layer contains a hardened product of a radical polymerizable compound containing an adamantane skeleton.