Abstract: A four stroke internal combustion engine has a gas reserving chamber 100 which communicates with an exhaust port 31 and is configured to reserve burned gas discharged from a combustion chamber. The burned gas flows into the gas reserving chamber 100 while an exhaust valve including a valve head 32a and a stem 32b is opened in an expansion stroke. The burned gas reserved in the gas reserving chamber 100 is discharged to the combustion chamber while the exhaust valve is opened in an intake stroke.

Abstract: A four stroke internal combustion engine has a gas reserving chamber 100 which communicates with an exhaust port 31 and is configured to reserve burned gas discharged from a combustion chamber. The burned gas flows into the gas reserving chamber 100 while an exhaust valve including a valve head 32a and a stem 32b is opened in an expansion stroke. The burned gas reserved in the gas reserving chamber 100 is discharged to the combustion chamber while the exhaust valve is opened in an intake stroke.

Abstract: A four-cycle internal combustion engine is constructed such that a structure around a cylinder head is not complicated even though the engine has a plurality of cylinders, fuel consumption is improved, and nitrogen oxides are reduced. The engine has cylinder-sided passages, through which burnt gasses pass. Also, the engine includes an inter-cylinder passage in communication with the cylinder-sided passages.

Abstract: A four-cycle internal combustion engine is constructed such that a structure around a cylinder head is not complicated even though the engine has a plurality of cylinders, fuel consumption is improved, and nitrogen oxides are reduced. The engine has cylinder-sided passages, through which burnt gasses pass. Also, the engine includes an inter-cylinder passage in communication with the cylinder-sided passages.

Abstract: A number of embodiments of engine induction system and fuel injection systems for increasing the engine's combustion efficiency by maintaining a desired ratio between the intake system volume between the throttle valve and the intake port and the exhaust gas volume. This requires a close positioning of the throttle valve to the combustion chamber, and thus results in quick throttle response. A fuel injection system injects fuel into the intake passage, and a number of embodiments of buffer valves are employed so as to maintain stability in combustion when blipping the throttle under no-load conditions. In addition, arrangements are disclosed wherein separate throttle bodies are employed but that utilize the fuel rail as a means for connecting all of these throttle bodies together to provide a unitary sub-assembly.

Abstract: A number of embodiments of engine induction system and fuel injection systems for increasing the engines combustion efficiency by maintaining a desired ratio between the intake system volume between the throttle valve and the intake port and the exhaust gas volume. This requires a close positioning of the throttle valve to the combustion chamber, and thus results in quick throttle response. A fuel injection system injects fuel into the intake passage, and a number of embodiments of buffer valves are employed so as to maintain stability in combustion when blipping the throttle under no-load conditions. In addition, arrangements are disclosed wherein separate throttle bodies are employed but that utilize the fuel rail as a means for connecting all of these throttle bodies together to provide a unitary sub-assembly.

Abstract: Control arrangements for the induction system of an internal combustion engine having a control valve in the induction passage which is moveable between an opened position wherein the flow into the combustion chamber is unrestricted and in a first direction and in closed position wherein the flow into the combustion chamber is restricted to accelerate the velocity of the charge entering the combustion chamber and change its direction from the first direction. Optimum positions are set for the control valve in response to engine speed and engine load but the control valve is held in a closed position when the engine speed is below a predetermined speed and regardless of the load and is also held in an opened position when the engine speed is above a second predetermined speed and regardless of load. Various routines are shown for positioning the control valve to accommodate catalytic convertor warmup, sudden acceleration or deceleration conditions and other transient conditions.

Abstract: Control arrangements for the induction system of an internal combustion engine having a control valve in the induction passage which is moveable between an opened position wherein the flow into the combustion chamber is unrestricted and in a first direction and in closed position wherein the flow into the combustion chamber is restricted to accelerate the velocity of the charge entering the combustion chamber and change its direction from the first direction. Optimum positions are set for the control valve in response to engine speed and engine load but the control valve is held in a closed position when the engine speed is below a predetermined speed and regardless of the load and is also held in an opened position when the engine speed is above a second predetermined speed and regardless of load. Various routines are shown for positioning the control valve to accommodate catalytic convertor warm up, sudden acceleration or deceleration conditions and other transient conditions.

Abstract: Control arrangements for the induction system of an internal combustion engine having a control valve in the induction passage which is moveable between an opened position wherein the flow into the combustion chamber is unrestricted and in a first direction and in closed position wherein the flow into the combustion chamber is restricted to accelerate the velocity of the charge entering the combustion chamber and change its direction from the first direction. Optimum positions are set for the control valve in response to engine speed and engine load but the control valve is held in a closed position when the engine speed is below a predetermined speed and regardless of the load and is also held in an opened position when the engine speed is above a second predetermined speed and regardless of load. Various routines are shown for positioning the control valve to accommodate catalytic convertor warm up, sudden acceleration or deceleration conditions and other transient conditions.