Abstract: Provided that a process for manufacturing an elastic roller having a mandrel and a coating film. The process comprise a first step of forming a coating film on an outer peripheral surface of a first mandrel, and a second step of forming a coating film on an outer peripheral surface of a second mandrel. The process further comprises a cleaning step between the steps. The cleaning step comprising: making a cleaning member arranged coaxially with the central axis of a circular coating head, in a downstream side in a moving direction of the first mandrel with respect to the circular coating head, making the cleaning member relatively approach the circular coating head; bringing a surface to be cleaned into contact with the cleaning member; rotating the cleaning member while the surface comes in contact with the cleaning member; and inserting the cleaning member into the center hole.

Abstract: Provided that a process for manufacturing an elastic roller having a mandrel and a coating film. The process comprise a first step of forming a coating film on an outer peripheral surface of a first mandrel, and a second step of forming a coating film on an outer peripheral surface of a second mandrel. The process further comprises a cleaning step between the steps. The cleaning step comprising: making a cleaning member arranged coaxially with the central axis of a circular coating head, in a downstream side in a moving direction of the first mandrel with respect to the circular coating head, making the cleaning member relatively approach the circular coating head; bringing a surface to be cleaned into contact with the cleaning member; rotating the cleaning member while the surface comes in contact with the cleaning member; and inserting the cleaning member into the center hole.

Abstract: The present invention provides a conductive member in which it is possible to control a variation in resistance due to physical stress from a contact member, and an uneven density in a halftone image can be prevented. The conductive member is a development roller which includes a conductive shaft core, a conductive elastic layer, and a conductive surface layer. The conductive elastic layer contains silicone rubber and a basic carbon black dispersed in the silicone rubber. The surface layer contains a urethane resin having a carboxyl group in its molecule and an acidic carbon black dispersed in the urethane resin.

Abstract: The present invention provides a conductive member in which it is possible to control a variation in resistance due to physical stress from a contact member, and an uneven density in a halftone image can be prevented. The conductive member is a development roller which includes a conductive shaft core, a conductive elastic layer, and a conductive surface layer. The conductive elastic layer contains silicone rubber and a basic carbon black dispersed in the silicone rubber. The surface layer contains a urethane resin having a carboxyl group in its molecule and an acidic carbon black dispersed in the urethane resin.

Abstract: A developing roller has a mandrel, an elastic layer and a cover layer as a surface layer. The cover layer includes a silicon oxide film containing a carbon atom chemically bonded to a silicon atom. In the silicon oxide film, the proportion of the total number of the elements of silicon, oxygen, carbon and hydrogen to the number of all detected elements, as detected with a high-frequency glow discharge light-emission surface analysis method, is 90% or more. The silicon oxide film has an abundance ratio of an oxygen atom chemically bonded to a silicon atom to silicon atoms, (O/Si), of 0.65 or more but 1.95 or less and an abundance ratio of a carbon atom chemically bonded to a silicon atom to silicon atoms, (C/Si), of 0.05 or more but 1.65 or less, and has a ratio of the maximum value to the minimum value of the (C/Si) in a thickness direction of the cover layer, of 1.50 to 33.00.

Abstract: A developing roller has a mandrel, an elastic layer and a cover layer as a surface layer. The cover layer includes a silicon oxide film containing a carbon atom chemically bonded to a silicon atom. In the silicon oxide film, the proportion of the total number of the elements of silicon, oxygen, carbon and hydrogen to the number of all detected elements, as detected with a high-frequency glow discharge light-emission surface analysis method, is 90% or more. The silicon oxide film has an abundance ratio of an oxygen atom chemically bonded to a silicon atom to silicon atoms, (O/Si), of 0.65 or more but 1.95 or less and an abundance ratio of a carbon atom chemically bonded to a silicon atom to silicon atoms, (C/Si), of 0.05 or more but 1.65 or less, and has a ratio of the maximum value to the minimum value of the (C/Si) in a thickness direction of the cover layer, of 1.50 to 33.00.

Abstract: A developing roller has a conductive shaft member, a conductive elastic layer formed around the shaft member in a thickness of 0.5 mm to 6.0 mm, and a surface layer. The elastic layer contains carbon black and silicone rubber. The carbon black is in a content of 7% to 17% by mass and has at least two peaks in its particle size number distribution. The minimum diameter peak center in the particle size number distribution is within the range of 10 nm to 40 nm. The elastic layer has density within the range of 1.01 g/cm3 to 1.07 g/cm3. Where the ratios of carbon atoms to silicon atoms (C/Si), in the vicinity of the surface of the elastic layer, at depths of 100 ?m and 200 ?m from the surface of the elastic layer are represented by X, Y and Z, respectively, the X, Y and Z satisfy a specific relationship.

Abstract: A developing roller has a conductive shaft member, a conductive elastic layer formed around the shaft member in a thickness of 0.5 mm to 6.0 mm, and a surface layer. The elastic layer contains carbon black and silicone rubber. The carbon black is in a content of 7% to 17% by mass and has at least two peaks in its particle size number distribution. The minimum diameter peak center in the particle size number distribution is within the range of 10 nm to 40 nm. The elastic layer has density within the range of 1.01 g/cm3 to 1.07 g/cm3. Where the ratios of carbon atoms to silicon atoms (C/Si), in the vicinity of the surface of the elastic layer, at depths of 100 ?m and 200 ?m from the surface of the elastic layer are represented by X, Y and Z, respectively, the X, Y and Z satisfy a specific relationship.