Abstract: The present invention aims to provide a novel method that can quantify diaminopimelic acid-containing bacteria in a test sample. The present invention relates to a method of quantifying diaminopimelic acid-containing bacteria in a test sample, including a step of quantifying the diaminopimelic acid-containing bacteria, using, as an index, the amount of diaminopimelic acid derived from the diaminopimelic acid-containing bacteria in the test sample.

Abstract: An endless belt, in which an outer peripheral surface of the endless belt has a coefficient of dynamic friction of 0.85 or less, and in a case where polyester resin particles having a volume-average particle size of 4.7 ?m are caused to adhere to the outer peripheral surface under a load of 0 g/cm2, and then air is sprayed on the outer peripheral surface from above the outer peripheral surface at a spray pressure that keeps increasing, all the polyester resin particles having adhered to the outer peripheral surface are spaced apart from the outer peripheral surface at the spray pressure of 6 kPa or less.

Abstract: An endless belt includes a resin and conductive particles, in which a content of the conductive particles with respect to the endless belt is 5% by volume or more and 20% by volume or less in terms of a volume ratio, a Young's modulus of the endless belt is 3,000 MPa or more, and the number of times of bending endurance of the endless belt measured by an MIT test specified in JIS P8115:2001 is 10,000 or more.

Abstract: A liquid discharge apparatus includes a liquid discharger, a discharge receptacle, and circuitry. The liquid discharger includes a nozzle configured to discharge liquid. The discharge receptacle is configured to receive the liquid discharged from the liquid discharger. The circuitry is configured to control a flushing operation of the liquid discharger. The circuitry is configured to cause the liquid discharger to perform flushing to the discharge receptacle and a sheet to which the liquid is applied, with a first flushing amount and a second flushing amount different from the first flushing amount, respectively.

Abstract: A liquid discharge apparatus includes a liquid discharger, a discharge receptacle, and circuitry. The liquid discharger includes a nozzle configured to discharge liquid. The discharge receptacle is configured to receive the liquid discharged from the liquid discharger. The circuitry is configured to control a flushing operation of the liquid discharger. The circuitry is configured to cause the liquid discharger to perform flushing to the discharge receptacle and a sheet to which the liquid is applied, with a first flushing amount and a second flushing amount different from the first flushing amount, respectively.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes circuitry and print heads each including nozzles arranged along a main scanning direction. The print heads are arranged in rows along a sub-scanning direction, with a print head in a first row overlapping a print head in a second row. The circuitry executes control to perform printing with at least one of the print head in the first row and the print head in the second row, executes control to eject recording liquid from nozzles in a non-overlapping area of the print head in the first row and the print head in the second row, selects an ejection area from an overlapping area of the print head in the first row and the print head in the second row, and executes control to eject the recording liquid from one of two nozzles adjacent in the sub-scanning direction in the ejection area.

Abstract: A carrier detecting circuit in a receiver of a wireless device has a circuit for determining a power value of a received signal, a circuit for determining a correlation value between a preamble included in the received signal and a predetermined preamble pattern which characterizes a communication system to which the wireless device belongs, a circuit for judging that a carrier is detected and tentatively instructing a demodulating circuit of the wireless device to start a demodulating process of a signal if the power value exceeds a first threshold value or the correlation value exceeds a second threshold value, and a circuit for instructing the demodulating circuit to stop the demodulating process which has tentatively been started if it is judged that the correlation value does not exceed the second threshold value during a predetermined first time interval.

Abstract: When a wireless LAN terminal moves to outside the cell of a first wireless LAN base station and it has entered a cell overlap area between a second wireless LAN base station cell and a third wireless LAN base station cell, it receives from the second and the third wireless base station, respectively, the network address of a network to which the second wireless LAN base station is allocated and the network address of a network to which the third wireless LAN base station is allocated. The wireless LAN terminal starts to perform a communication with the second wireless LAN base station that has transmitted on with respect thereto the same network address as that network address of the network, having the first wireless LAN base station kept in connection therewith, that that terminal holds therein.