Abstract: Residual hydrogen can be consumed until the output voltage substantially becomes 0 volts and miniaturization and weight saving of the fuel cell system can be achieved without carrying a substance such as an inert gas which does not directly relate to a fuel cell electrical generation. By cutting fuel supply to a fuel cell 1 at a time of a system halt and connecting the fuel cell output with the discharging resistor 10 of a low ohmic value in a water tank 7, and by switching the connection to a discharging resistor 11 of a high ohmic value in which merely a minute current flows in that state by means of a power switching device 9 when the fuel cell output becomes a fixed value or below, discharging is performed until the output voltage becomes substantially 0 volts without causing damage to the fuel cell to consume residual hydrogen.

Abstract: A fuel cell system of the present invention includes a fuel cell, a reformer which has a combustor and supplies hydrogen containing gas to the fuel cell, and a compressor for supplying oxygen containing gas to the fuel cell. In this fuel cell system, the component devices of the fuel cell system are defrosted by heating in which the exhaustion gas from the combustor is directly utilized and by heating in which the oxygen containing gas heated by the exhaustion gas from the combustor is utilized.

Abstract: Residual hydrogen can be consumed until the output voltage substantially becomes 0 volts and miniaturization and weight saving of the fuel cell system can be achieved without carrying a substance such as an inert gas which does not directly relate to a fuel cell electrical generation.

Abstract: A creep preventive arrangement wherein a start-up pressure regulating valve discharges fluid from a servo chamber of a start-up clutch when a clutch piston assumes a predetermined creep preventive position, and a start-up detecting valve prohibits the fluid discharge from the servo chamber when a torque converter output revolution speed exceeds a predetermined value.

Abstract: A shift shock alleviating apparatus is disclosed wherein an engagement force with which a friction element is engaged is controlled to cause an engine to change its revolution speed at a rate which is proportioned to a target rate of change in engine revolution speed after a predetermined condition is satisfied after a command for a shift is generated.