Abstract: An internal reference voltage generation device may include a cell array including a plurality of cells which provide reference voltages of different levels. Each of the plurality of cells may include one of a plurality of divider resistors included in a resistor string; a transmission gate configured to output a voltage of a divider node which is connected to the one divider resistor, in response to a select signal; and a unit decoder configured to provide the select signal to the transmission gate.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for providing an accompaniment based on a humming melody. The apparatus includes a user input receiver configured to receive a humming melody of a user, a melody extractor configured to measure a pitch from the received humming melody, a key extractor configured to extract a key from the humming melody, and a chord generator configured to generate a chord for each measure based on the humming melody.

Abstract: Provided are an injection head, and a substrate treatment apparatus and method using the same. The substrate treatment apparatus includes a rotatable spin head supporting a substrate, an injection head installed on the spin head to supply a fluid to a bottom surface of the substrate supported on the spin head, and a fluid supply unit supplying the fluid to the injection head.

Abstract: In an apparatus and method of generating an ultrasonic vibration, an ultrasonic vibration generated in an ultrasonic vibration generator is transmitted through a material layer to control the intensity and the direction of the ultrasonic vibration. In an apparatus and method of cleaning a wafer, a cleaning solution supplier supplies a cleaning solution for cleaning the wafer onto the wafer. An ultrasonic vibration generator generates an ultrasonic vibration. The ultrasonic vibration is transmitted through a material layer of a transmission member to control the intensity and the direction of the ultrasonic vibration. The ultrasonic vibration is applied to the cleaning solution.

Abstract: A device for arranging objects is provided. The device includes a display unit for displaying a plurality of objects having a relationship set between corresponding sides of the plurality of objects; and a control unit for designating at least one of a location and a size of each of the plurality of objects according to the relationship set between the corresponding sides, and for changing, when at least one of a location and size of a specific object from among the plurality of objects is changed, at least one of a location and a size of at least one other object having a relationship set with regard to a side of the specific object.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for cleaning a substrate. The apparatus includes a stage on which a substrate is loaded, a cleaning liquid supply unit supplying a cleaning liquid to the substrate, an oscillator transmitting sound waves to the substrate for cleaning the substrate, and at least two piezoelectric members disposed on an end portion of the oscillator at a predetermined distance apart from each other so as to generate the sound waves.

Abstract: In an apparatus for transferring a substrate, a partition wall is disposed in a vertical direction in a housing to divide an interior space of the housing into a first space and a second space. A pressure generating member divides the first space into an upper space and a lower space and moves in a vertical direction in the first space such that a positive pressure and a negative pressure are alternately generated in the upper space and the lower space. A substrate supporting member is movably disposed in the second space to support and to transfer the substrate. A plurality of gates is disposed on a side wall of the housing and the partition wall, and is opened and closed by the positive pressure and the negative pressure such that the particles are eliminated from the second space to an exterior space via the first space.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for extracting the aspect ratio of received broadcast content. The apparatus includes an image reception unit, a frequency detection unit, a determination unit, and an output unit. The image reception unit receives a digital image. The frequency detection unit detects the frequency of the predetermined region of the frame of the digital image. The determination unit determines the aspect ratio of the received digital image by comparing the detected frequency with a threshold value. The output unit outputs the aspect ratio of the received digital image based on the result of the determination.

Abstract: In an apparatus for transferring a substrate, a partition wall is disposed in a vertical direction in a housing to divide an interior space of the housing into a first space and a second space. A pressure generating member divides the first space into an upper space and a lower space and moves in a vertical direction in the first space such that a positive pressure and a negative pressure are alternately generated in the upper space and the lower space. A substrate supporting member is movably disposed in the second space to support and to transfer the substrate. A plurality of gates is disposed on a side wall of the housing and the partition wall, and is opened and closed by the positive pressure and the negative pressure such that the particles are eliminated from the second space to an exterior space via the first space.

Abstract: In an apparatus and method of generating an ultrasonic vibration, an ultrasonic vibration generated in an ultrasonic vibration generator is transmitted through a material layer to control the intensity and the direction of the ultrasonic vibration. In an apparatus and method of cleaning a wafer, a cleaning solution supplier supplies a cleaning solution for cleaning the wafer onto the wafer. An ultrasonic vibration generator generates an ultrasonic vibration. The ultrasonic vibration is transmitted through a material layer of a transmission member to control the intensity and the direction of the ultrasonic vibration. The ultrasonic vibration is applied to the cleaning solution.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for cleaning a substrate. The apparatus includes a stage on which a substrate is loaded, a cleaning liquid supply unit supplying a cleaning liquid to the substrate, an oscillator transmitting sound waves to the substrate for cleaning the substrate, and at least two piezoelectric members disposed on an end portion of the oscillator at a predetermined distance apart from each other so as to generate the sound waves.

Abstract: Provided are an injection head, and a substrate treatment apparatus and method using the same. The substrate treatment apparatus includes a rotatable spin head supporting a substrate, an injection head installed on the spin head to supply a fluid to a bottom surface of the substrate supported on the spin head, and a fluid supply unit supplying the fluid to the injection head.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for extracting the aspect ratio of received broadcast content. The apparatus includes an image reception unit, a frequency detection unit, a determination unit, and an output unit. The image reception unit receives a digital image. The frequency detection unit detects the frequency of the predetermined region of the frame of the digital image. The determination unit determines the aspect ratio of the received digital image by comparing the detected frequency with a threshold value. The output unit outputs the aspect ratio of the received digital image based on the result of the determination.