Abstract: In an etching composition for an under-bump metallurgy (UBM) layer and a method of forming a bump structure, the etching composition includes about 40% by weight to about 90% by weight of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), about 1% by weight to about 20% by weight of an aqueous basic solution including ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) or tetraalkylammonium hydroxide, about 0.01% by weight to about 10% by weight of an alcohol compound, and about 2% by weight to 30% by weight of an ethylenediamine-based chelating agent. The etching composition may effectively etch the UBM layer including titanium or titanium tungsten and remove impurities. A method of forming a bump structure may employ such an etching composition.

Abstract: A door opening prevention device is provided for a refrigerator. Stoppers are provided on both sides of a stopper plate provided on a ceiling of a refrigerating chamber. First and second doors for selectively opening and closing the refrigerating chamber are provided with catching hooks, respectively. When the first door and the second door close the refrigerating chamber, by allowing the catching hooks to be caught by the stoppers, the first and second doors are prevented from being inadvertently opened. In addition, a leaf spring 61 is provided which provides the catching hooks with an elastic force that prevents the catching hooks from being inadvertently detached from the stoppers in a state in which the catching hooks are caught to the stoppers this structure prevents during the opening and closing operation of any one of the doors the other door from being opened.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrode made of carbon nanotubes or carbon nanofibers and a process for preparing the same. The electrode comprising a current collector, sulfur or metal nanoparicles as a binder, and carbon nanotubes or carbon nanofibers is characterized in that the sulfur or metal nanoparticles are bonded, deposited, or fused on the surfaces of the carbon nanotubes or carbon nanofibers so that the carbon nanotubes or carbon nanofibers are bonded to each other and also bonded to the current collector. The electrode prepared according to the present invention exhibits low internal resistance, strong durability and low equivalent series resistance, and therefore the electrode can be effectively used for secondary batteries, supercapacitors or fuel cells.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an acoustic diaphragm for converting electrical signals into mechanical signals to produce sounds. The acoustic diaphragm comprises carbon nanotubes or graphite nanofibers as reinforcing agents. Preferably, the carbon nanotubes or graphite nanofibers are included or dispersed in the acoustic diaphragm or coated on the surface of the acoustic diaphragm. Since the acoustic diaphragm has excellent physical properties in terms of elastic modulus, internal loss, strength and density, it can effectively achieve superior sound quality and a high output in a particular frequency band as well as in a broad frequency band.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mounting structure of a door-handle for a refrigerator. By means of the mounting structure of the door-handle for the refrigerator according to preferred embodiments of the present invention, the door-handle is fixedly connected to a door and the fluctuation of the door-handle is decreased while opening the door.

Abstract: In a method of setting recipes of a defect test, a laser intensity map of a sample is obtained. The laser intensity map is then area-scanned to obtain average laser intensity. Recipes are set based on the average laser intensity. Thus, a laser power set in a defect detector may be constant regardless of inspectors so that the defect detector may have improved defect detection reliability.

Abstract: A continuous variable valve lift apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a camshaft, an input cam disposed to the camshaft, a variable lever that is rotably connected to the camshaft and includes a first arm including a first connecting shaft and a second arm including a second connecting shaft, a first link rotating around the first connecting shaft corresponding to a rotation of the input cam, an output cam rotating around the camshaft, a valve opening/closing portion that is opened and closed corresponding to a rotation of the output cam, and a connecting portion that is disposed for the output cam to rotate corresponding to a rotation of the first link.

Abstract: A door apparatus for a drawer for a drawer type refrigerator where the drawer is slidably coupled to a main body of the refrigerator is provided. The door apparatus includes a door with a thermally isolating layer, and a frame that moves simultaneously with the door and which provides a storage space for accommodating stored goods. The door is rotatably coupled to a front end of the frame, thus allowing the door to rotate through a predetermined angle with respect to the frame. An amount of rotation of the door with respect to the frame may be selectively limited to utilize a tilting function of the door and to provide access to goods in the storage space.

Abstract: A backlight assembly includes a receiving container, lamps, a diffusion plate and a lamp-fixing member. The receiving container includes a bottom plate and sidewalls together providing a receiving space. The lamps are arranged substantially parallel to each other on the bottom plate. The diffusion plate is disposed over the lamps. The lamp-fixing member includes a body portion extending substantially perpendicular to the lamps, a buffer protruding upwardly from the body portion, a diffusion plate supporting portion protruding from the buffer to support the diffusion plate and a lamp-fixing portion formed at the body portion to fix the lamps. Therefore, the buffer having elasticity is formed at an area at which the diffusion plate supporting portion is formed, so that rubbing between the diffusion plate and the diffusion plate supporting portion may be reduced.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an acoustic diaphragm for converting electrical signals into mechanical signals to produce sounds. The acoustic diaphragm comprises carbon nanotubes or graphite nanofibers as major materials. Preferably, the carbon nanotubes or graphite nanofibers are included or dispersed in the acoustic diaphragm. Since the acoustic diaphragm has excellent physical properties in terms of elastic modulus, internal loss and strength, it can effectively achieve superior sound quality and high output in a particular frequency band as well as in a broad frequency band.

Abstract: An embodiment of a semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate, a first insulating layer formed over the semiconductor substrate, and a first semiconductor layer formed over the first insulation layer. At least one gettering region is formed in at least one of the first insulating layer and the first semiconductor layer. The gettering region includes a plurality of gettering sites, and at least one gettering site includes one of a precipitate, a dispersoid, an interface with the dispersoid, a stacking fault and a dislocation.

Abstract: Provided is a method of fabricating a semiconductor wafer. The method includes preparing a substrate wafer having a non-single-crystalline thin layer; disposing at least one single crystalline pattern adjacent to the non-single-crystalline thin layer on the substrate wafer; and forming a material layer contacting the single crystalline pattern on the non-single-crystalline thin layer.

Abstract: A backlight assembly includes a receiving container, lamps, a diffusion plate and a lamp-fixing member. The receiving container includes a bottom plate and sidewalls together providing a receiving space. The lamps are arranged substantially parallel to each other on the bottom plate. The diffusion plate is disposed over the lamps. The lamp-fixing member includes a body portion extending substantially perpendicular to the lamps, a buffer protruding upwardly from the body portion, a diffusion plate supporting portion protruding from the buffer to support the diffusion plate and a lamp-fixing portion formed at the body portion to fix the lamps. Therefore, the buffer having elasticity is formed at an area at which the diffusion plate supporting portion is formed, so that rubbing between the diffusion plate and the diffusion plate supporting portion may be reduced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pain relief composition comprising paramagnetic silver nanoparticles. More specifically, the composition is characterized in that it comprises from 0.03 to 0.05% by weight of paramagnetic silver nanoparticles having specific properties that were not revealed by conventional diamagnetic silver nanoparticles. The pain relief composition according to the present invention shows excellent effect of relieving pain of arthritis due to antibiotic property and anti-toxicity of paramagnetic silver nanoparticles. By using the paramagnetic silver nanoparticles having small particle size, the composition is rapidly absorbed into cells upon being applied to skin. In addition, by virtue of using silver (Ag), no complication such as skin coloration or edema was observed. According to the present invention, pain is relieved by simple application, so that the usage is easy as compared to surgical treatment such as arthroscopic operation to provide high satisfaction to a patient.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method and system for leading composition capable of being performed by the leading of an instructor with respect to the composition prepared and submitted by a learner, in which errors are extracted from the composition, so that teaching and learning composition are performed through correction, error remediation, and index study based on the errors. The method for teaching and learning composition comprises constructing a learning composition database including an index database wherein index information associated with the composition is stored, providing a learning topic to a learner with reference to the leading composition database and receiving correction information associated with the composition prepared by the learner from an instructor, extracting the index information from the index database included in the leading composition database; and providing instruction information including the correction information and the index information to the learner.

Abstract: A lamp sockets guide is provided which includes a lamp sockets receiving and fastening portion for alignably receiving and retaining a plurality of lamp sockets and an inverter cover portion formed at one side of the lamp sockets receiving and fastening portion to protect an inverter, wherein the lamp sockets receiving and fastening portion and the inverter cover portion are integrally formed.

Abstract: This invention provides a new catalyst for purification of diesel engine exhaust gas comprising a carrier of at least one sulfur-resistant refractory oxide and at least one catalytic metal, wherein at least one solid acid and/or sulfuric acid is carried on the carrier by adding at least one precursor of said solid acid and/or sulfuric acid during the preparation of the carrier, and preparation thereof. The catalyst of this invention is thermally and chemically durable and can effectively remove particulate matters, hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides contained in the diesel engine exhaust gas at low temperatures.

Abstract: A wafer transferring robot in semiconductor device fabricating equipment and a method of detecting wafer warpage by using the wafer transferring robot are provided. In the realizing the wafer transferring robot to transfer a wafer, vacuum lines are formed to adsorb a plurality of regions of the wafer. Whether the wafer is warped or not and the extent of warpage are determined in real time, depending on whether the wafer is adsorbed by the vacuum lines. When no warpage occurs on the wafer or when the extent of warpage is slight, the wafer is allowed to be normally processed. When the extent of warpage is too serious to perform a normal process on the wafer, the wafer is previously processed as an error, thereby preventing the waste of time, cost and manpower caused by performing an unnecessary process.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a nano-powder extraction apparatus using the rotation of a hollow impeller, which is configured to extract nano-powder according to particle size thereof by effectively dissolving the nano-powder contained in plasma gas into a surfactant solution, and to prevent the aggregation of nano-powder as the nano-powder is absorbed in and collected by a surfactant of solution, thereby enabling the application of strongly reactive materials.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an oxidation catalyst for use in removing fine soot particulates from exhaust gases of diesel engines, incinerators, boilers or other combustion devices, and to a method of removing fine soot particulates using the oxidation catalyst. The oxidation catalyst of the current invention functions to effectively remove fine soot particulates at a low temperature, and also, has thermal durability, and thus, the activity of the catalyst may be stably maintained even under thermal stress for a long time period. Further, the catalyst prevents poisoning due to a sulfur compound present in exhaust gases, and can maintain stable activity.