Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a light emitting diode (LED) driving device that may expand a usable range of LED current and battery voltage by reducing heat generation of an integrated circuit, and an LED lighting device including the same, which may include a current controller that constantly controls an LED current flowing through an LED string and an IC heat dissipation part connected to a node between the LED string and the current controller to dissipate IC heat of the current controller, wherein when a battery voltage supplied to the LED string increases, the IC heat dissipation part reduces a first LED current flowing from the LED string to the current controller and simultaneously increases a second LED current flowing from the LED string to the current controller via the IC heat dissipation part, thereby reducing the IC heat generation of the current controller.

Abstract: A toy firearm includes: a hollow firearm body; a cartridge module separably coupled in front of the firearm body to store a plurality of BB bullets to be fired; a gas discharge module to supply introduced gas to the BB bullets stored in the cartridge module by sequential control using a solenoid valve; an electrical sound module electrically connected to the gas discharge module to generate an electrical high voltage sound for a predetermined time with respect to a point in time of firing the BB bullets stored in the cartridge module; and a gas tank disposed in a grip of the firearm body to temporarily store the gas and supply the stored gas to the gas discharge module, wherein the cartridge module includes a pair of barrels arranged side by side at a predetermined angle along front and rear sides.

Abstract: A high-concentration wastewater treatment device includes a discharge pin module including a support plate, discharge pins coupled to the support plate, and pin connectors connected to the discharge pins and extended upwards, a discharge plate module spaced apart from the discharge pins, and a circuit module including a main board, distributed processing boards connected to the main board, coupling unit connecting the distributed processing boards, and discharge pin connection portions electrically connected to the distributed processing boards in a direction of a lower end of the main board. The discharge plate module includes a connection pin connected to a lower end of the support plate and a discharge plate accommodation portion coupled to a lower end of the bent portion. The discharge pin connection portions have, at lower ends, coupling grooves into which the pin connectors are inserted, to allow one-touch coupling between the circuit module and the discharge pin module.

Abstract: A toy firearm includes: a hollow firearm body; a cartridge module separably coupled in front of the firearm body to store a plurality of BB bullets to be fired; a gas discharge module to supply introduced gas to the BB bullets stored in the cartridge module by sequential control using a solenoid valve; an electrical sound module electrically connected to the gas discharge module to generate an electrical high voltage sound for a predetermined time with respect to a point in time of firing the BB bullets stored in the cartridge module; and a gas tank disposed in a grip of the firearm body to temporarily store the gas and supply the stored gas to the gas discharge module, wherein the cartridge module includes a pair of barrels arranged side by side at a predetermined angle along front and rear sides.

Abstract: Provided is a silicate glass, a method for preparing a silicate glass-ceramics by using the silicate glass, and a method for preparing a lithium disilicate glass-ceramics by using the silicate glass, and more particularly, to a method for preparing a glass-ceramics that has a nanosize of 0.2 to 0.5 ?m and contains lithium disilicate and silicate crystalline phases. A nano lithium disilicate glass-ceramics containing a SiO2 crystalline phase includes: a glass composition including 70 to 85 wt % SiO2, 10 to 13 wt % Li2O, 3 to 7 wt % P2O5 working as a nuclei formation agent, 0 to 5 wt % Al2O3 for increasing a glass transition temperature and a softening point and enhancing chemical durability of glass, 0 to 2 wt % ZrO2, 0.5 to 3 wt % CaO for increasing a thermal expansion coefficient of the glass, 0.5 to 3 wt % Na2O, 0.5 to 3 wt % K2O, and 1 to 2 wt % colorants, and 0 to 2.0 wt % mixture of MgO, ZnO, F, and La2O3.

Abstract: A method of designing a frequency selective surface (FSS) filter, includes: calculating a candidate solution corresponding to a structure of the FSS filter and an objective-function value corresponding to a difference between a frequency response resulting from the candidate solution and a targeted frequency response; modifying the candidate solution into a trial solution in accordance with a genetic algorithm; and calculating an objective-function value with the trial solution to determine whether to include the trial solution in candidate solutions.

Abstract: Proposed is a hybrid ceramic prosthesis. Since the prosthesis is made of a novel hybrid ceramic material, the prothesis has a similar color and transmittance to natural teeth, minimizes tooth removal during preparation for placement of the prothesis, is securely attached to the target tooth by snap-fit fastening to prevent detachment of the prothesis and re-treatment caused by the prothesis detachment, and can be more conveniently applied to the patient than conventional prostheses, enabling an one-day-one-stop dental procedure, thereby reducing burden to patients. The prothesis is useful as a primary crown.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a prefabricated crown by processing and tabulating the type, size, material and color of prefabricated crowns for sub-gingival and supra-gingival, and actual and try-in crowns by a table system (1), and a prefabricated crown manufactured therefrom, and the method includes a first step (S100) of classifying a plurality of prefabricated crowns by type and size by a first module (5) of the table system (1); a second step (S110) of classifying the plurality of prefabricated crowns by color and material by a second module (7) of the table system (1); a third step (S120) of tabulating the type, size, color and material data of the prefabricated crowns classified in the first and second steps (S100, S110) by a third module (9) of the table system (1), and assigning an identification code to each data; a fourth step (S130) of manufacturing the tabulated plurality of prefabricated crowns; and a fifth step (S140) of inputting the measured type, size, color and

Abstract: Dental composite composition including a glass ceramic and a curable organic material is described in which the glass ceramic includes a crystal phase having an average grain size of 50 to 400 nm, and the dental composite composition is provided as a dental prosthetic material exhibiting superior transparency and mechanical properties comparing to conventional composite products containing micro-sized crystal grains and also has excellent aesthetics and processability required for prosthetic materials for same-day dental prosthetic service.

Abstract: A monitor device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure has a bullet dispersion prevention function for a shooting game. The monitor device includes a frame coupled along a circumferential surface of the display apparatus and protruding out of a front surface of the display device, an impact-absorbing shooting pad coupled to an end of the protruding frame, formed to be transparent to show an image displayed on the display device, and configured to, when a bullet hits a hitting surface at an angle within a preset angle range from the vertical, absorb impact of the bullet so that the bullet hitting the hitting surface falls downward, and a bullet dispersion prevention unit configured to, when a bullet hits the impact-absorbing shooting pad at an angle exceeding the preset angle range from the vertical, enable the bullet to fall downward without being scattered outward.

Abstract: A crystallized glass includes crystalline and vitreous structures, in which the crystalline structure includes lithium disilicate as a main crystalline phase and at least one crystalline phase among lithium phosphonate (Li3PO4), lithium metasilicate (Li2SiO3), silica (SiO2), and zirconia (ZrO2) as a sub-crystalline phase, has an excellent processability and an excellent plasma corrosion resistance, thereby being useful as a material for production of parts for various dry etching apparatuses.

Abstract: A distance measuring apparatus includes an image sensor and an image sensor driver. The image sensor includes a photodiode, a first capacitor and a second capacitor, and a first transfer gate and a second transfer gate configured to transmit an output of the photodiode to the respective first and second capacitors. The image sensor driver is configured to complementarily drive the first transfer gate and the second transfer gate.

Abstract: Provided is a silicate glass, a method for preparing a silicate glass-ceramics by using the silicate glass, and a method for preparing a lithium disilicate glass-ceramics by using the silicate glass, and more particularly, to a method for preparing a glass-ceramics that has a nanosize of 0.2 to 0.5 ?m and contains lithium disilicate and silicate crystalline phases. A nano lithium disilicate glass-ceramics containing a SiO2 crystalline phase includes: a glass composition including 70 to 85 wt % SiO2, 10 to 13 wt % Li2O, 3 to 7 wt % P2O5 working as a nuclei formation agent, 0 to 5 wt % Al2O3 for increasing a glass transition temperature and a softening point and enhancing chemical durability of glass, 0 to 2 wt % ZrO2, 0.5 to 3 wt % CaO for increasing a thermal expansion coefficient of the glass, 0.5 to 3 wt % Na2O, 0.5 to 3 wt % K2O, and 1 to 2 wt % colorants, and 0 to 2.0 wt % mixture of MgO, ZnO, F, and La2O3.

Abstract: Provided is a dental bulk block for grinding processing. The dental bulk block includes a crystalloid, which includes lithium disilicate as a main crystal phase and silicate as a sub-crystal phase, and hyaline as a remainder. The dental bulk block is a functionally gradient material having a crystalline size gradient with respect to a depth thereof and having no interface at a change point of a crystalline size gradient value. The dental bulk block is useful for manufacturing an artificial dental prosthesis that is similar to natural teeth. Accordingly, the time and process for manufacturing the artificial dental prosthesis are shortened, and structural stability is increased in terms of dispersion of force due to gradient functionalization of mechanical properties.

Abstract: Provided is a method of operating a smart massage service of a smart massage chair by using a computer system including at least one smart massage chair terminal, a user terminal, and a server computer connected through a network, including: receiving registration application information from the smart massage chair terminal or the user terminal; transmitting registration completion information to the smart massage chair terminal or the user terminal once a smart massage chair terminal of a company of interest or an authorized massage chair terminal of another company is confirmed by using the registration application information; receiving content request information from the registered smart massage chair terminal or the registered user terminal; and transmitting content information corresponding to the content request information to the smart massage chair terminal or the user terminal.

Abstract: Dental composite composition including a glass ceramic and a curable organic material is described in which the glass ceramic includes a crystal phase having an average grain size of 50 to 400 nm, and the dental composite composition is provided as a dental prosthetic material exhibiting superior transparency and mechanical properties comparing to conventional composite products containing micro-sized crystal grains and also has excellent aesthetics and processability required for prosthetic materials for same-day dental prosthetic service.

Abstract: Provided is a method for preparing a lithium disilicate glass-ceramics containing silicate as a main component, and more particularly, to a method for preparing a glass-ceramics, which is capable of adjusting machinability or translucency according to a crystalline size by using a first heat treatment or a second heat treatment. To this end, a method for preparing a glass-ceramics containing a silica crystalline phase includes: performing a first heat treatment on a glass composition at a temperature of 400 to 850° C., so that a lithium disilicate crystalline phase and a silica crystalline phase each having a size of 5 to 2,000 nm are formed through the first heat treatment. After the first heat treatment, the method further includes performing a second heat treatment at a temperature of 780 to 880° C., so that translucency is adjusted by a temperature of the second heat treatment.

Abstract: Provided is a dental bulk block for grinding processing. The dental bulk block includes a crystalloid, which includes lithium disilicate as a main crystal phase and silicate as a sub-crystal phase, and hyaline as a remainder. The dental bulk block is a functionally gradient material having a crystalline size gradient with respect to a depth thereof and having no interface at a change point of a crystalline size gradient value. The dental bulk block is useful for manufacturing an artificial dental prosthesis that is similar to natural teeth. Accordingly, the time and process for manufacturing the artificial dental prosthesis are shortened, and structural stability is increased in terms of dispersion of force due to gradient functionalization of mechanical properties.

Abstract: An electromagnetic wave impedance measuring apparatus includes a network analyzer, configured to measure scattering parameters according to a frequency, including a first port and a second port; and a multilayer substrate, connected to the first port and the second port by a coaxial cable, having a via connecting conductive layers to each other and including three or more conductive layers including at least an uppermost layer, a lowermost layer, and an intermediate layer. The multilayer substrate includes a test sample disposed between the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer; a through calibration standard disposed between the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer; a reflect calibration standard disposed between the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer; and a line calibration standard disposed between the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an electron generation apparatus includes: a discharge pin module having a support plate and a plurality of discharge pins coupled to the support plate; a discharge plate module disposed to be spaced apart from the plurality of discharge pins; a discharge plate slidably coupled inside the discharge plate module; a support structure having a coupling plate to which the discharge pin module and the discharge plate module are detachably coupled; and a circuit module having a main board located at a side opposite to the discharge pin module with the coupling plate being interposed therebetween and a plurality of distributed processing boards connected to the main board to apply a high-voltage, high-frequency pulse power to the plurality of discharge pins individually.