Abstract: The present disclosure discloses systems and methods of calculating a near-maximum likelihood detection (MLD) performance capability signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) according to instructions stored in non-transitory computer readable memory that when executed by a processor of a multiple-input, multiple output orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) wireless communications receiver device cause the processor to perform operations including the processor acquiring Hi and noise variance ?n2 for each subcarrier of a set of subcarriers between a MIMO-OFDM wireless communications transmitter device and the wireless communications receiver device, computing an average received bit mutual information rate (RBIR) over all subcarriers, converting the average RBIR to an effective SINR; and selecting a modulation coding scheme (MCS).

Abstract: A system for diagnosing an in-cable control box (ICCB) is installed in a vehicle, electrically connected, at one side thereof, to a low-speed charging cable having the ICCB, electrically connected, at another side thereof, to an on-board diagnostics (OBD) device, and is configured to diagnose the ICCB. The system includes a Control Pilot (CP) data conversion unit configured to receive charging situation data produced from the ICCB; a Controller Area Network (CAN) communication unit configured to receive diagnosis initiating data for the ICCB produced from the OBD device; and a control unit configured to receive the charging situation data from the CP data conversion unit, convert the charging situation data into data recognizable by the OBD device, receive the diagnosis initiating data from the CAN communication unit, and convert the diagnosis initiating data into data recognizable by the ICCB.

Abstract: A leakage current detection circuit includes: a mirror circuit configured to copy a leakage current flowing through a node and generate a copy current in a copy node; an oscillation circuit including a charge storage unit, the oscillation circuit being connected to the copy node, charged with the copy current, and configured to generate an oscillation signal by charging and discharging the charge storage unit; and a calculation circuit configured to calculate an amount of the leakage current based on the oscillation signal.

Abstract: An infrared heat source module is configured to minimize problems such as wrinkles or cracks in electrodes even if the patterns of a coated part and an uncoated part of the electrodes present in a current collector vary. The module improves a drying efficiency of the coated part of the current collector. An electrode using the infrared heat source module is manufactured by a process.

Abstract: A camera module includes a housing, a reflective member positioned in the housing and changing a direction of light to a direction of an optical axis, a carrier carrying the reflective member and rotatable about a first axis with respect to the housing, and a first ball group disposed between the housing and the carrier, wherein the first ball group includes a main ball member providing the first axis of the carrier, and an auxiliary ball member disposed away from the first axis, and one or both of the housing and the carrier partially accommodates the auxiliary ball member, and includes an auxiliary guide groove extended in a circumferential direction of the first axis.

Abstract: A camera module includes: a first lens module disposed in a housing; and a reflective module. The reflective module includes: a reflective member including at least two reflective surfaces disposed at different angles and configured to reflect light passing through the first lens module; and a carrier disposed between the reflective member and the housing. The cameral module further includes an image sensor configured to collect light reflected from the reflective module. The reflective member is configured to move in a first direction with respect to the carrier, and the carrier is configured to move in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction with respect to the housing.

Abstract: A folded module includes a housing, a carrier provided in the housing, and a rotation holder provided on the carrier and including a reflective member. The carrier is rotatable, with respect to the housing, around a first axis formed by one rotating shaft ball, the rotation holder is rotatable with respect to the carrier around a second axis formed by two ball members, and the first axis and the second axis intersect each other, and the one rotating shaft ball and the two ball members are provided together on a plane on which both the first axis and the second axis are provided.

Abstract: A reflective module assembly include a housing having an internal space, a first reflective module provided in the housing to change a path of incident light, and a second reflective module provided in the housing to change a path of light emitted from the first reflective module. The first reflective module includes a first reflective member rotatable about a first axis formed by at least two first ball members. The second reflective module includes a second reflective member rotatable about a second axis, perpendicular to the first axis and passing through a rotation axis ball provided at the second reflective module.

Abstract: A camera module includes a housing, a reflective member positioned in the housing and changing a direction of light to a direction of an optical axis, a carrier carrying the reflective member and rotatable about a first axis with respect to the housing, and a first ball group disposed between the housing and the carrier, wherein the first ball group includes a main ball member providing the first axis of the carrier, and an auxiliary ball member disposed away from the first axis, and one or both of the housing and the carrier partially accommodates the auxiliary ball member, and includes an auxiliary guide groove extended in a circumferential direction of the first axis.

Abstract: A battery pack includes battery cells arranged in a first direction, and a busbar assembly coupled to upper portions of the battery cells, the busbar assembly having a busbar electrically connected to the battery cells, a flexible substrate configured to measure a state information of the battery cells, and an insulating film surrounding the busbar and the flexible substrate.

Abstract: A camera module includes a housing defining an internal space; a reflection module disposed in the internal space and including a reflective member and a holder movably supported by an inner wall of the housing; and a lens module provided in the internal space, and including lenses aligned in an optical axis direction so that light reflected by the reflective member is incident to the lenses. The lens module includes lens barrels accommodating the lenses, and the plurality of lens barrels move in an approximate optical axis direction in the internal space while being supported by ball bearings. At least two of the lens barrels share a guide groove to guide movements of the ball bearings.

Abstract: A camera module includes a housing; a lens module provided in an internal space of the housing to be movable in an optical axis direction, and including at least one lens therein; a magnet disposed in the lens module; and position detection sensors to detect a position of the magnet. One or more of the position detection sensors are disposed to face a first polarity of the magnet and one or more of the position detection sensors are disposed to face a second polarity of the magnet different than the first polarity.

Abstract: A folded module includes a housing, a carrier provided in the housing, and a rotation holder provided on the carrier and including a reflective member. The carrier is rotatable, with respect to the housing, around a first axis formed by one rotating shaft ball, the rotation holder is rotatable with respect to the carrier around a second axis formed by two ball members, and the first axis and the second axis intersect each other, and the one rotating shaft ball and the two ball members are provided together on a plane on which both the first axis and the second axis are provided.

Abstract: A camera module includes a lens module, a first frame accommodating the lens module, a second frame accommodating the first frame, and a housing accommodating the second frame. The lens module and the first frame are rotatable about a first axis, with respect to the second frame, perpendicular to an optical axis. The lens module, the first frame, and the second frame are rotatable about a second axis, with respect to the housing, perpendicular to both the optical axis and the first axis. A first ball member is disposed between the first frame and the second frame and elastically supported in a direction of the first axis, and a second ball member is disposed between the second frame and the housing and elastically supported in a direction of the second axis.

Abstract: A camera module includes a first lens module including one or more lenses disposed along a first optical axis; and a reflective module into which light emitted from the first lens module is incident, wherein the reflective module includes a housing having an internal space; a rotatable holder supported in the housing in a first direction parallel to the first optical axis, and configured to be rotatable relative to the housing; a reflective holder supported in the rotatable holder in a second direction different from the first direction, and configured to be rotatable relative to the rotatable holder; a reflective member disposed on the reflective holder; and a first ball member forming a rotation axis of the rotatable holder, and an imaginary line extending along the first optical axis passes through the first ball member.

Abstract: A folded module includes a housing, a carrier provided in the housing, and a rotation holder provided on the carrier and including a reflective member. The carrier is rotatable, with respect to the housing, around a first axis formed by one rotating shaft ball, the rotation holder is rotatable with respect to the carrier around a second axis formed by two ball members, and the first axis and the second axis intersect each other, and the one rotating shaft ball and the two ball members are provided together on a plane on which both the first axis and the second axis are provided.

Abstract: A camera module includes a housing; a plurality of movable lens modules disposed in an internal space of the housing and configured to be movable in an optical axis direction, each of the plurality of movable lens modules comprising at least one lens; and a stopper configured to prevent contact between at least two of the plurality of movable lens modules, wherein the stopper includes a frame mounted on the housing; an extension portion extending from the frame into the internal space of the housing to face a side of one movable lens module of the plurality of movable lens modules in the optical axis direction; and a damping member disposed on the extension portion to face the side of the one movable lens module in the optical axis direction.

Abstract: A camera module includes a housing; a lens module provided in an internal space of the housing to be movable in an optical axis direction, and including at least one lens therein; a magnet disposed in the lens module; and position detection sensors to detect a position of the magnet. One or more of the position detection sensors are disposed to face a first polarity of the magnet and one or more of the position detection sensors are disposed to face a second polarity of the magnet different than the first polarity.

Abstract: A camera module includes a housing; a lens module provided in an internal space of the housing to be movable in an optical axis direction, and including at least one lens therein; a magnet disposed in the lens module; and position detection sensors to detect a position of the magnet. One or more of the position detection sensors are disposed to face a first polarity of the magnet and one or more of the position detection sensors are disposed to face a second polarity of the magnet different than the first polarity.

Abstract: A camera module includes a housing; a plurality of movable lens modules disposed in an internal space of the housing and configured to be movable in an optical axis direction, each of the plurality of movable lens modules comprising at least one lens; and a stopper configured to prevent contact between at least two of the plurality of movable lens modules, wherein the stopper includes a frame mounted on the housing; an extension portion extending from the frame into the internal space of the housing to face a side of one movable lens module of the plurality of movable lens modules in the optical axis direction; and a damping member disposed on the extension portion to face the side of the one movable lens module in the optical axis direction.