Abstract: A silicon bulk-micromachining technology is used to fabricate a GMR filter by exploiting the structure of a suspended silicon nitride (SiNx) membrane on the silicon substrate. A first silicon nitride (SiNx) thin film and a second silicon nitride (SiNx) thin film are formed on opposite sides of the silicon substrate. A first opening is defined in the first silicon nitride (SiNx) thin film, and a grating structure is defined in the second silicon nitride (SiNx) thin film. By etching off a portion of the silicon substrate exposed from the first opening until a portion of the second silicon nitride (SiNx) thin film is exposed from the first opening, a light path space is defined.

Abstract: A silicon bulk-micromachining technology is used to fabricate a GMR filter by exploiting the structure of a suspended silicon nitride (SiNx) membrane on the silicon substrate. A first silicon nitride (SiNx) thin film and a second silicon nitride (SiNx) thin film are formed on opposite sides of the silicon substrate. A first opening is defined in the first silicon nitride (SiNx) thin film, and a grating structure is defined in the second silicon nitride (SiNx) thin film. By etching off a portion of the silicon substrate exposed from the first opening until a portion of the second silicon nitride (SiNx) thin film is exposed from the first opening, a light path space is defined.

Abstract: A smart location information processor automatically detects the location of a moving object in real-time, using either a receiver from the satellites or from any terrestrial location detection network. The device processes the location information and activates responsive functions according to location and status. Messages are transmitted through one of multiple wireless communication networks to other units. At any time, the device may receive instructions wirelessly from other stationary or mobile objects. All the events of the installed moving object are stored in a history file which can be sent to a remote server and then cleared from the installed object, either regularly or instantaneously. The device in one object may automatically activate certain functions controlling the object in response to the location of another object installed with the same device.

Abstract: A smart location information processor automatically detects the location of a moving object in real-time, using either a receiver from the satellites or from any terrestrial location detection network. The device processes the location information and activates appropriate responsive functions according to the object's current location. Messages are transmitted through a wireless communication network to any one or more designated receiving units. At any time, the device may receive messages through the wireless communication network from other stationary or mobile objects. All the events of the installed moving object are stored in a history file which can be sent to a remote server and then cleared from the installed object, either on a regular basis or instantaneously. The device in one object may automatically activate certain functions controlling the object in response to the location of another object installed with the same device.

Abstract: A system for tracking objects includes a database for storing reference data as line segments corresponding to coordinate locations along environmental reference features; mobile units for connection to the objects for receiving coordinate object target point locations, and having means for receiving signals from an external location system and for generating the object data, and a wireless object data transmitter; and a computer having access to the database and to the object data, and generating an interpreted location of each of the objects in terms relative to automatically selected ones of the reference features. Also disclosed is a method for tracking the objects. Further disclosed is a computer program embodied on a computer-readable medium and having code segments for tracking objects according to the method.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for continuously locating moveable objects is presented. In one or more embodiments of the present invention, moving objects can be tracked in real-time anywhere in the world, including inside tunnels. A smart mobile unit in the object receives and uses GPS satellite positioning data when available and relies on its built-in autonomous navigation capability when GPS is invalid to continuously determine its current position in map-ready units. The smart mobile unit transmits the position output, using an automatically selected wireless mode of communication, to a central processing station for map generation and display processing. Authorized clients may log onto the central processing station to view the object or multiple objects from anywhere in the world; all that is required is a computer equipment with a display device and a web browser.