Abstract: Materials, methods to prepare, and methods of use for partial oxidation of methane. Embodiments include delivering a metal ferrite oxygen carrier to a fuel reactor, wherein the metal ferrite oxygen carrier comprises MFexOy where 1?x?3 and 3?y?5, and where M comprise a Group II alkali earth metals; and delivering a gaseous stream that contains methane to the metal ferrite oxygen carrier in the fuel reactor and maintaining the fuel reactor at a reducing temperature sufficient to reduce some portion of the metal ferrite oxygen carrier and oxidize some portion of the methane containing gas stream. Embodiments further include generating gaseous products containing H2 and CO gas in the fuel reactor; withdrawing a product stream from the fuel reactor, where the gaseous products comprise the product stream, and where at least >50 vol.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a metal ferrite oxygen carrier for the chemical looping combustion of solid carbonaceous fuels, such as coal, coke, coal and biomass char, and the like. The metal ferrite oxygen carrier comprises MFexOy, where MFexOy is a chemical composition with 1.5?x?2.5 and 3.5?y?4.5 and M is one of Ca, Ba, and combinations thereof. For example, MFexOy may be one of CaFe2O4, BaFe2O4, MgFe2O4. SrFe2O4 and combinations thereof. Mixing of the metal ferrite oxygen carrier and the solid carbonaceous fuel generates a product stream comprising at least 50 vol. % CO and H2. The MFexOy may be supported on an inert support. In an embodiment, the MFexOy comprises at least 30 wt. % of the metal ferrite oxygen carrier the inert support when present comprises from about 5 wt. % to about 60 wt. % of the metal ferrite oxygen carrier.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a tri-metallic ferrite oxygen carrier for the chemical looping combustion of carbonaceous fuels. The tri-metallic ferrite oxygen carrier comprises CuxFeyMnzO4-?, where CuxFeyMnzO4-? is a chemical composition. Generally, 0.5?x?2.0, 0.2?y?2.5, and 0.2?z?2.5, and in some embodiments, 0.8?x?1.2, y?1.2, and z?0.8. The tri-metallic ferrite oxygen carrier may be used in various applications for the combustion of carbonaceous fuels, including as an oxygen carrier for chemical looping combustion.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a metal ferrite oxygen carrier for the chemical looping combustion of solid carbonaceous fuels, such as coal, coke, coal and biomass char, and the like. The metal ferrite oxygen carrier comprises MFexOy on an inert support, where MFexOy is a chemical composition and M is one of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Co, Mn, and combinations thereof. For example, MFexOy may be one of MgFe2O4, CaFe2O4, SrFe2O4, BaFe2O4, CoFe2O4, MnFeO3, and combinations thereof. The MFexOy is supported on an inert support. The inert support disperses the MFexOy oxides to avoid agglomeration and improve performance stability. In an embodiment, the inert support comprises from about 5 wt. % to about 60 wt. % of the metal ferrite oxygen carrier and the MFexOy comprises at least 30 wt. % of the metal ferrite oxygen carrier. The metal ferrite oxygen carriers disclosed display improved reduction rates over Fe2O3, and improved oxidation rates over CuO.

Abstract: A method for producing a single-walled carbon nanotube product by a hydrogen arc discharge method includes providing an anode including graphite powder, catalyst metal, and a growth promoter in an atmosphere containing hydrogen; providing a cathode in the atmosphere; and inducing an electric arc across the anode and cathode to thereby consume the anode and produce the single-walled carbon nanotube product. Additionally, the single-walled carbon nanotube product may be soaked in an acid or an oxidative reactant and heated under vacuum to produce a hydrogen storage material.