Abstract: The problem of the present invention is to provide a substrate with high versatility, a method for producing the substrate, and a method for producing a unit cell using the substrate. The problem is solved by providing a substrate comprising a plurality of alkali metal azide spots on a substantially flat surface.

Abstract: An E-mail transmission control device comprises: a mail information storage unit; a destination information storage unit; an E-mail transmission unit; an error information reception unit for receiving error information; an error information decision unit for deciding whether or not the error information satisfies a predetermined condition; a destination excluding unit for executing the destination indicated by the destination information owned by the error information, from the candidates of the destination, in case the error information decision unit decides the satisfaction of the predetermined condition. The electronic transmission control device further comprises a re-transmission decision unit for deciding whether or not a predetermined condition is satisfied, after the destination excluding unit performed the exclusion. The E-mail transmission unit transmits the E-mail to the excluded destination in case the re-transmission decision unit decides the satisfaction of the predetermined condition.

Abstract: The present invention is applicable to composite particles for composite dispersion plating used for forming a self-lubricating composite dispersion coating and a method of plating using such composite particles as well as a plating (coating) using the same. The purpose of the invention is to obtain a composite particle for composite dispersion plating which is comprised of a particle with an excellent capability of reducing the friction and a low or very low specific gravity, and a method of plating using such composite particles. In this invention, each of the composite particles includes a friction-reducing mother or core particle (1) encapsulated with shell particles (2) comprised of the same components as a base metal of a composite dispersion plating bath (5). This provides a composite particle for composite dispersion plating which is comprised of a particle with an excellent capability of reducing the friction and a low or very low specific gravity.

Abstract: A latent heat storage tank is filled with antifreeze solution such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, calcium chloride and a plurality of bundles of cylindrical latent heat containers in the form of tubes or pipes which float perpendicularly to the antifreeze surface. The antifreeze solution is circulated by a refrigerator provided outside the latent heat storage tank. Each cylindrical latent heat container contains water or other liquid which is cooled to become ice by said antifreeze solution which has been cooled by said refrigerator driven by inexpensive night time electric power.