Abstract: This surface-treated metal includes a metal, and a coated material that is formed on a surface of the metal, in which an outermost layer of the coated material is a photocatalytic film that contains particles showing photocatalytic activity and an organic-inorganic composite resin, a volume ratio of the particles showing photocatalytic activity to the photocatalytic film is in a range from 0.5 vol % to 50 vol %, the organic-inorganic composite resin contains a siloxane bond and at least one group selected from the group consisting of an aryl group, a carboxyl group, an amino group, a hydroxyl group, and an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, the coated material has concaves on a surface thereof on the outermost layer side, an area of the outermost layer is 50% to 98% of an area of a surface of the metal when the coated material is seen in a plan view, and a surface area of the outermost layer is 101% to 5000% of the area of the surface of the metal.

Abstract: An inorganic-organic hybrid film-coated stainless steel foil comprising a stainless steel foil substrate having coated on one surface or both surfaces thereof an inorganic-organic hybrid film, wherein the inorganic-organic hybrid film comprises a skeleton formed of an inorganic three-dimensional network structure mainly comprising a siloxane bond, with at least one crosslinked oxygen of the skeleton being replaced by an organic group and/or a hydrogen atom; and an inorganic-organic hybrid film-coated stainless steel foil comprising a stainless steel foil having coated thereon a plurality of inorganic-organic hybrid films each mainly comprising a siloxane bond, wherein at least a part of Si constituting each inorganic-organic hybrid film is chemically bonded to one or both of an organic group and hydrogen, provided that the uppermost layer out of the plurality of inorganic-organic hybrid films may be an inorganic SiO2 film, and adjacent films of the plurality of inorganic-organic hybrid films (including the in

Abstract: A method according to the present invention has: isolating, by extraction, particles contained in a metal material to be analyzed in a solution using a particle isolator; dispersing the particles isolated by extraction into a solvent to prepare a dispersion, and fractionating the dispersion into a plurality of particle dispersions based on particle sizes, using a field flow fractionator; and irradiating laser light on each of the particle dispersions separated based on predetermined particle sizes, to thereby measure absolute values of the particle size based on angular dependence of reflection intensity, and also to thereby measure the number density based on magnitude of reflection intensity.

Abstract: A retardation layer that includes regions causing different retardations can be manufactured easily. A retardation substrate includes a substrate and a solidified liquid crystal layer facing its main surface. The solidified liquid crystal layer includes first to third regions, and a degree of depolarization for each of the regions is less than 5.0×10?4. A difference between the maximum and minimum values of the degrees of depolarization obtained for the regions is less than 2.0×10?4.

Abstract: A retardation layer that includes regions causing different retardations can be manufactured easily. A retardation substrate includes a substrate and a solidified liquid crystal layer supported by the substrate. The solidified liquid crystal layer includes first to third regions. The first to third regions re arranged on the substrate and different in degree of orientation of mesogens.

Abstract: A slab having a predetermined composition is heated to 1280° C. or more. The slab is hot-rolled to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet. The hot-rolled steel sheet is annealed to obtain an annealed steel sheet. The annealed steel sheet is cold-rolled to obtain a cold-rolled steel sheet. The cold-rolled steel sheet is decarburization annealed to obtain a decarburization annealed steel sheet. The decarburization annealed steel sheet is coiled in a coil state. The coil-state decarburization annealed steel sheet is finish-annealed. The cold-rolled steel sheet is heated to a temperature of 800° C. or more at a rate of 30° C./sec or more and 100° C./sec or less during increasing temperature of the cold-rolled steel sheet in the decarburization annealing or before the decarburization annealing. The decarburization annealed steel sheet is heated at a rate of 20° C./h or less within a temperature range of 750° C. or more and 1150° C.

Abstract: A retardation layer that includes regions causing different retardations can be manufactured easily. A retardation substrate includes a substrate and a solidified liquid crystal layer facing its main surface. The solidified liquid crystal layer includes first to third regions, and a degree of depolarization for each of the regions is less than 5.0×10?4. A difference between the maximum and minimum values of the degrees of depolarization obtained for the regions is less than 2.0×10?4.

Abstract: A coating solution for forming a flat-surface insulating film, which is a coating solution obtained by dissolving a poly(diorgano)siloxane A having a mass average molecular weight of 900 to 10,000 and a metal alkoxide B in an organic solvent C and further adding water, wherein the molar ratio A/B of the poly(diorgano)siloxane A to 1 mol of the metal alkoxide B is from 0.05 to 1.5, the organic solvent C has a hydroxyl group, the solubility of water in 100 g of the organic solvent C is from 3 to 20 g, and the molar ratio C/A of the organic solvent C to 1 mol of the poly(diorgano)siloxane A is from 0.05 to 100.

Abstract: A retardation substrate is provided, which includes a substrate and an optically anisotropic solidified liquid crystal layer which is supported by the substrate and formed as a continuous film made from a same material. The solidified liquid crystal layer comprises first to third regions each having two sub-regions which are a sub-region A and a sub-region B, an in-plane birefringence of the 1A sub-region is larger than that of the 2A sub-region, the in-plane birefringence of the 3A sub-region is smaller than that of the 2A sub-region, and an in-plane birefringence of the 1B sub-region is the same as that of the 3B sub-region, smaller than that of the 1A sub-region and larger than that of the 3A sub-region.

Abstract: Grain-oriented electrical steel sheet excellent in coating adhesion is provided. The steel sheet contains Si: 2 to 7% mass % and has a primary coating composed mainly of forsterite on its surface. A compound (A) containing one or more elements selected from among Ca, Sr and Ba, at least one rare earth metal, and sulfur is incorporated in the primary coating so as to reside in the interface layer between the primary coating and the steel sheet. As a result, occurrence of primary coating exfoliation at regions that are strongly worked during manufacture of a wound core transformer or the like is prevented.

Abstract: The present invention provides stainless steel foil for flexible display use which enables fabrication of a TFT substrate for display use which is superior in shape recovery after being rolled up or bent and which is high in surface flatness and is characterized by having a thickness of 20 ?m to 200 ?m, a surface roughness Ra of 50 nm or less, and a shape recovery of a distortion angle of 10° or less after being wound around a 30 mm diameter cylinder.

Abstract: A retardation layer that includes regions causing different retardations can be manufactured easily. A retardation substrate includes a substrate and a solidified liquid crystal layer supported by the substrate. The solidified liquid crystal layer includes first to third regions. The first to third regions re arranged on the substrate and different in degree of orientation of mesogens.

Abstract: The present invention provides oriented magnetic steel plate with excellent coating adhesion, in particular coating edge peeling resistance, that is, oriented magnetic steel plate with excellent coating adhesion containing, by mass %, Si: 1.8 to 7% and having a primary coating having forsterite as its main ingredient on its surface, said oriented magnetic steel plate characterized in that said primary coating contains one or more of Ce, La, Pr, Nd, Sc, and Y in an areal weight per side of 0.001 to 1000 mg/m2; characterized in that said primary coating contains Ti in an areal weight per side of 1 to 800 mg/m2; and characterized in that said primary coating contains one or more of Sr, Ca, and Ba in an areal weight per side of 0.01 to 100 mg/m2.

Abstract: A retardation substrate is provided, which includes a substrate and an optically anisotropic solidified liquid crystal layer which is supported by the substrate and formed as a continuous film made from a same material. The solidified liquid crystal layer comprises first to third regions each having two sub-regions which are a sub-region A and a sub-region B, an in-plane birefringence of the 1A sub-region is larger than that of the 2A sub-region, the in-plane birefringence of the 3A sub-region is smaller than that of the 2A sub-region, and an in-plane birefringence of the 1B sub-region is the same as that of the 3B sub-region, smaller than that of the 1A sub-region and larger than that of the 3A sub-region.

Abstract: A method according to the present invention has: isolating, by extraction, particles contained in a metal material to be analyzed in a solution using a particle isolator; dispersing the particles isolated by extraction into a solvent to prepare a dispersion, and fractionating the dispersion into a plurality of particle dispersions based on particle sizes, using a field flow fractionator; and irradiating laser light on each of the particle dispersions separated based on predetermined particle sizes, to thereby measure absolute values of the particle size based on angular dependence of reflection intensity, and also to thereby measure the number density based on magnitude of reflection intensity.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device may include a first substrate; a second substrate; a first polarizing plate on the first substrate; a second polarizing plate arranged on the second substrate, and so that a direction of an absorption axis of the second polarizing plate being perpendicular to a direction of an absorption axis of the first polarizing plate; a liquid crystal layer arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate; a color filter layer arranged between the liquid crystal layer and the first or the second substrate, the color filter layer having a plurality of pixels of two or more colors. The retardation thin film has in-plane birefringence index satisfying 0.75??n[fr]/?d[fr]?1.35 for a region corresponding to a reflection part of a pixel and satisfying ?n[t]<1.2 ×10?3 for a region corresponding to a transmission part of a pixel.

Abstract: An inorganic-organic hybrid film-coated stainless steel foil comprising a stainless steel foil substrate having coated on one surface or both surfaces thereof an inorganic-organic hybrid film, wherein the inorganic-organic hybrid film comprises a skeleton formed of an inorganic three-dimensional network structure mainly comprising a siloxane bond, with at least one crosslinked oxygen of the skeleton being replaced by an organic group and/or a hydrogen atom; and an inorganic-organic hybrid film-coated stainless steel foil comprising a stainless steel foil having coated thereon a plurality of inorganic-organic hybrid films each mainly comprising a siloxane bond, wherein at least a part of Si constituting each inorganic-organic hybrid film is chemically bonded to one or both of an organic group and hydrogen, provided that the uppermost layer out of the plurality of inorganic-organic hybrid films may be an inorganic SiO2 film, and adjacent films of the plurality of inorganic-organic hybrid films (including the in

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device may include a first substrate; a second substrate; a first polarizing plate on the first substrate; a second polarizing plate arranged on the second substrate, and so that a direction of an absorption axis of the second polarizing plate being perpendicular to a direction of an absorption axis of the first polarizing plate; a liquid crystal layer arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate; a color filter layer arranged between the liquid crystal layer and the first or the second substrate, the color filter layer having a plurality of pixels of two or more colors. The retardation thin film has in-plane birefringence index satisfying 0.75??n[fr]/?d[fr]?1.35 for a region corresponding to a reflection part of a pixel and satisfying ?n[t]<1.2×10?3 for a region corresponding to a transmission part of a pixel.

Abstract: A stainless steel substrate with one or more conductive metal layers, a method for manufacturing the same, and a hard disk drive suspension material using the same that are excellent in etching accuracy and does not involve the use of any substances casing environmental burdens, while ensuring stable adhesion between the conductive metal layers on the stainless steel substrate and the polyimide-based resin layer. The conductive metal layers are formed to have a total thickness ranging from 0.1 to 10 ?m, a centerline average surface roughness Ra from 0.05 to 1 ?m, and a ten-point average surface roughness Rz from 1 to 5 ?m, respectively.

Abstract: The present invention provides a precoated metal sheet excellent in the coating material adhesion and having little affect on environment. The precoated metal sheet of the invention is a precoated metal sheet comprising a metal or plated metal sheet having stacked on the surface thereof at least a coat layer and an organic resin layer, the metal or plated metal sheet mainly comprising zinc and aluminum and the coat layer mainly comprising one or both of a metal oxide and a metal hydroxide each using a metal species exclusive of chromium.