Abstract: A developing device for developing an electrostatic image formed on an image carrier, includes a liquid developing agent, wherein toner particles are dispersed in a liquid solvent, and wherein a viscosity of the liquid developing agent is in a range 100 mPa·s to 1000 mPa·s, inclusive, a developing container for containing the liquid developing agent, a developing agent carrier for carrying the liquid developing agent within the developing container to the image carrier, wherein the developing agent carrier is disposed so as to form a gap between the developing agent carrier and the image carrier; and a developing bias voltage power supply for applying a developing bias voltage, which superimposes a DC voltage component and an AC voltage component to the developing agent carrier, wherein a peak voltage of the AC voltage component is in a range of 0.5 kV to 2 kV, inclusive, and a frequency of the AC voltage component is in a range of 10 kHz to 12 kHz, inclusive.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member; a plurality of first developing devices for developing an electrostatic latent image formed on the image bearing member at a developing position using a developer which includes a toner and a carrier; a rotatable member rotatable in a path including the first developing position, for supporting the plurality of first developing devices, wherein each of the plurality of first developing devices is effective to discharge excess developer produced by receiving the developer including the toner and the carrier to outside of each of the plurality of first developer devices using a rotation of the rotatable member; and a second developer container for developing an electrostatic latent image formed on the image bearing member at a second developing position using a developer including a toner, wherein the second developing device is disposed at a position so as to be non-rotatably adjacent to the image bearing member.

Abstract: A developing device for forming a toner image from an electrostatic latent image formed on an image carrier comprises a developing container for storing a liquid developing agent with viscosity of 100 mPa.s or more, and a developing agent carrier for supporting and transporting the liquid developing agent within the developing container. A developing bias voltage wherein a DC voltage component and an AC voltage component have been superimposed is applied to the developing agent carrier, thereby providing a uniform toner image with high resolution without deterioration of the image quality such as fogging, reduction of image density, irregularity in the image density, and the like, due to high viscosity of the developing agent.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member; a first developer container for containing toner and carrier particles and for developing an electrostatic latent image formed on the image bearing member at a developing station; a rotatable member for rotating the first developer container along a path extending through the developing station, wherein the first developer container is effective to discharge residual matter produced by receiving the toner and carrier particles to outside of the first developer container using a rotation of the rotatable member; a first stretch that the second developer container for containing toner particles and for developing an electrostatic latent image formed on the image bearing member, wherein the second developer container is disposed at a position different from that of the developing station.

Abstract: A developing apparatus for an image forming apparatus forms an electrostatic latent image corresponding to an image information signal on an image bearing member. The developing apparatus includes a developer carrying member which bears and conveys a two-component developer containing a non-magnetic toner and a magnetic carrier for forming a toner image by developing the electrostatic latent image formed on the image bearing member. Convexities and concavities are formed on a surface of the developer carrying member. An average peak-to-peak spacing (Sm) of the convexities and concavities is set at ⅓ to 6 times of a weight-average particle diameter of the magnetic carrier (D) (D/3≦Sm≦6*D). An average roughness at ten points (Rz) on the surface of the developer carrying member is set at {fraction (1/10)} to ½ times of the weight-average particle diameter of the magnetic carrier. A number of concavities which are 1 &mgr;m to 10 &mgr;m wide and 0.

Abstract: A developing apparatus has a developer carrying body provided to face an image bearing body. The developer carrying body carries and conveys a developer having toner and carrier to a developing region. A bias applying device applies a developing bias to the developer carrying body, wherein the bias applying device applies to the developer carrying body the developing bias having periodically a voltage portion having alternately a first voltage to generate an electric field to direct toner from the developer carrying body to the image bearing body and a second voltage to generate an electric field to direct the toner from the image bearing body to the developer carrying body and a pause portion to pause applying the alternate voltage, wherein T1 and T2 have a relationship of T1>T2, where T1 is as an applying time period of the first voltage and T2 is an applying time period of the second voltage.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus has an image bearing member bearing an electrostatic image thereon. A developing device develops the electrostatic image on the image bearing member by a developer having a toner and a carrier. A transferring device transfers a toner image on the image bearing member to a transferring material. A cleaning device cleans a residual toner on the image bearing member after the transfer. A carrying device carries the developer in the developing device to the cleaning device.

Abstract: A developing apparatus for an image forming apparatus has means for forming an electrostatic latent image corresponding to an image information signal on an image bearing member having: a developer carrying member which bears and conveys a two-component developer containing a non-magnetic toner and a magnetic carrier for forming a toner image by developing the electrostatic latent image on the image bearing member. The convexities and concavities are formed on a surface of the developer carrying member, and an average peak-to-peak spacing (Sm) of the convexities and concavities is set at ⅓ to 6 times of a weight-average particle diameter of said magnetic carrier (D) (D/3≦Sm≦6*D), average roughness at ten points (Rz) on the surface of the developer carrying member is set at {fraction (1/10)} to ½ times of the weight-average particle diameter of the magnetic carrier and a number of concavities which are 1 &mgr;m to 10 &mgr;m wide and 0.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus has an image forming device for forming an image on a recording material in response to an image on a document. The apparatus also has a glossiness detection device for detecting from the document the level of glossiness of the document image. The image forming device is controlled based on an output from the glossiness detection device. With this construction, the level of glossiness in response to the document image can be reproduced on the recording material, thus improving the quality of reproduced images.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member for bearing an electrostatic latent image; a first developing device for developing the electrostatic latent image on the image bearing member; a second developing device, faced to the image bearing member and having a movable developer carrying member for carrying toner and carrier, for effecting development after a first developed image provided by the first developing device passes through a position where the developer carrying member is faced to the image bearing member; and a preventing device for forming an alternating electric field between the developer carrying member and the image bearing member, while the second developing device is at reset to prevent the carrier of the second developing device from rubbing the first developed image.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive member; an exposing device for emitting a beam of light in accordance with image data for forming an electric image on the photosensitive member; a plurality of developing devices for developing the electric image formed on the photosensitive member; a controller for controlling, for each picture element, duration of the beam of light emitted from the exposing device in response to an image signal; wherein the controller varies, for each picture element, a maximum value of the duration of the beam of light emitted from the exposing device, depending on which developing device is used.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus having an image carrying member for carrying an electrostatic image, fluororesin has a surface layer containing a fluororesin, and a developing device for developing the electrostatic image on the image carrying member. The image carrying member has a surface layer containing a fluororesin. The developing device has a developer carrying member, which is arranged as opposed to the image carrying member and which carries a developer, and a bias applying device for applying a development bias voltage to the developer carrying member. A period of a waveform of the bias voltage applied by the bias applying device has an oscillating part and a quiescent part.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus has an image bearing member holding a toner thereon, and a cleaning blade coming into touch with the image bearing member to remove the toner remaining on the image bearing member. The cleaning blade has a tensile strength of from 80 to 120 kg/cm.sup.2.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member for bearing an electrostatic image; a developer carrying member, opposed to the image bearing member, for carrying a developer containing toner; bias voltage applying device for applying a developing bias voltage to the developer carrying member, the bias voltage satisfying: ##EQU1## V1 (V): a voltage applying force to the toner toward the developer carrying member away from the image bearing member;T1 (sec): a time period of application of the voltage V1;V2 (V): a voltage applying force to the toner away from the developer carrying member toward the image bearing member;T2 (sec): a time period of application of the voltage V2;T3 (V): a time period of application of a voltage V3 which is (V1+V2)/2;d (m): distance between the image bearing member and the developer carrying member.

Abstract: A developing device is provided with a developing container for accommodating developing agent including toner, a rotating developing agent carrier is arranged to face an image carrier carrying an electrostatic image for carrying the developing agent, and a conductive member is arranged along a longitudinal direction of the developing agent carrier with a spacing from the developing agent carrier. The conductive member is provided over longer than the longitudinal area of the developing agent carrier, and a voltage application circuit is employed for applying a voltage of the same polarity to a charging polarity of the toner to the conductive member.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus for forming an electrostatic latent image corresponding to an image signal and for developing the latent image, a signal value corresponding to an amount of toner consumed by the development is counted by using the image signal. A toner supplement mechanism is controlled on the basis of the signal value, and an error component of the counted signal value. In addition, toner is supplied based on the counted signal value or a detected toner density in accordance with the number of image formations.

Abstract: A developing device for developing an electrostatic latent image includes a rotatable developer carrying member for carrying a developer composed of toner particles and magnetic carrier particles, wherein the developer carrying member rotates through a supply position where the developer is supplied to a surface of the developer carrying member, a regulating position where a regulating member for regulating a thickness of a layer of the developer on the surface is disposed, a developing position where the electrostatic latent image is developed, and a removing position for removing the developer remaining on the surface after a developing operation, in the order named. A stationary magnet is disposed in the developer carrying member.

Abstract: A developing apparatus includes a guide member for guiding toner toward an image bearing member bearing an electrostatic image thereon, the guide member having a first end and a second end, a vibration generating device for applying an ultrasonic oscillation to the guide member proximate one of the first end and the second end of the guide member, and a vibration absorbing device for absorbing the ultrasonic oscillation in the guide member at the other one of the first end and the second end, wherein toner is conveyed on the guide member in a direction from the absorbing device to the vibration applying device. In one aspect, the toner is a magnetic toner, and a magnetic field is generated on the guide member at a position opposite a surface for guiding the toner.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image forming apparatus wherein first information corresponding to toner density of two-component developer including toner and carrier particles is detected by a first sensor, second information corresponding to density of the two-component developer is detected by a second sensor, and an amount of toner to be replenished to the two-component developer is controlled on the basis of outputs of the first and second sensors.

Abstract: There is provided an image forming method, including: gradation-processing an image signal based on a halftone image to output a pulse-width-modulated signal; forming a latent image on a latent image-bearing member on the basis of the pulse-width-modulated signal; and developing the latent image with a developer comprising a toner to reproduce the halftone image; wherein the toner has a volume average particle size of M and comprises toner particles having a particle size of r; and has a volume-basis distribution such that it comprises 90% by volume or more of toner particles satisfying M2<r<3/2M and comprises 99% by volume or more of toner particles satisfying 0<r<2M.