Abstract: A quartz glass provides an opaque quartz glass having high light-shielding property, excellent mechanical strength and excellent cleaning resistance against hydrofluoric acid. By setting the maximum width of the amorphous bubbles existing in the opaque quartz glass to an average of 3 to 15 ?m and the density to 2.15 g/cm3 or more, the mechanical strength after baking and the cleaning resistance by hydrofluoric acid are improved. The opaque quartz glass has a whiteness at a thickness of 10 mm of 75 to 90%, the reflectance of light with a wavelength of 0.24 to 2.6 ?m at a thickness of 4 mm is 60 to 85%, and the bending strength after baking is 95 MPa. In addition, a foaming agent may be mixed in the opaque quartz glass. An opaque quartz glass having cleaning resistance against acid can be obtained.

Abstract: Compounds represented by formula (I), compounds of the less-polar group of two groups of diastereomers in which the carbon atom indicated by * in formula (II) is an asymmetric carbon atom, salts of the compounds, and solvates of the compounds or salts. The compounds have Nrf2 activating action.

Abstract: A quartz glass provides an opaque quartz glass having high light-shielding property, excellent mechanical strength and excellent cleaning resistance against hydrofluoric acid. By setting the maximum width of the amorphous bubbles existing in the opaque quartz glass to an average of 3 to 15 ?m and the density to 2.15 g/cm3 or more, the mechanical strength after baking and the cleaning resistance by hydrofluoric acid are improved. The opaque quartz glass has a whiteness at a thickness of 10 mm of 75 to 90%, the reflectance of light with a wavelength of 0.24 to 2.6 ?m at a thickness of 4 mm is 60 to 85%, and the bending strength after baking is 95 MPa. In addition, a foaming agent may be mixed in the opaque quartz glass. An opaque quartz glass having cleaning resistance against acid can be obtained.

Abstract: A compound having Nrf2-activating action is provided. The compound is represented by formula (I), a salt of the compound, or a solvate of the compound or salt: wherein R1a and R1b are identical or different and represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or a halogen atom; R2 represents an optionally substituted group derived from a heterocycle, and the heterocycle represents thiophene, furan, pyrrole, thiazole, or a fused ring including any of these heterocycles; R4 and R5 are identical or different and represent a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl group, or R4 and R5 bind with each other to form —NH—CH—N—; R6 represents an optionally substituted alkyl group; A1, A2, A3, and A4 are identical or different and represent CH or N wherein the number of N is 1 or less; and Z represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom.