Abstract: An optical apparatus includes a housing including an opening for letting a light flux pass through a first window member configured to let the light flux pass through, and to cover the opening, a second window member, overlapped with and fixed to the first window member, configured to let the light flux pass through, and a sealing member that is made of a stretchable material, and that is provided along an outer edge of the first window member or the second window member so as to form a sealed space portion between the first window member and the second window member.

Abstract: An optical apparatus includes a housing including an opening for letting a light flux pass through a first window member configured to let the light flux pass through, and to cover the opening, a second window member, overlapped with and fixed to the first window member, configured to let the light flux pass through, and a sealing member that is made of a stretchable material, and that is provided along an outer edge of the first window member or the second window member so as to form a sealed space portion between the first window member and the second window member.

Abstract: A control apparatus of a vehicle includes: an internal combustion engine; a transmission, including a group of gears made to mesh with synchronizing mechanisms for attaining a predetermined change of gear; an internal combustion engine controller stopping the internal combustion engine when receiving a first control stop signal; a transmission controller, controlling the synchronizing mechanisms via an actuator actuated by a power source driven by the internal combustion engine, when a shift lever is in a drive force cut-off position, the transmission controller releasing the meshing of the synchronizing mechanism when receiving a second control stop signal; and a control stop signal controller, transmitting the second control stop signal to the transmission controller when detecting that an ignition switch of the vehicle is switched off, and transmitting the first control stop signal to the internal combustion engine controller after the transmission controller has released the meshing of the synchronizing m

Abstract: A control apparatus of a vehicle, includes: an internal combustion engine, equipped on the vehicle; a transmission, including a normally open wet clutch for transmitting or interrupting drive force from the internal combustion engine, and a group of gears which are made to mesh with synchronizing mechanisms for attaining a predetermined change of gear; a shift lever, which can select through a manual operation thereof a drive force cut-off position where transmission of drive force from the internal combustion engine to drive road wheels is cut off; an internal combustion engine controller, controlling the internal combustion engine, and stopping the internal combustion engine when receiving a first control stop signal; a transmission controller, controlling the clutch and the synchronizing mechanisms via an actuator which is actuated by a power source driven by the internal combustion engine, when the shift lever is in the drive force cut-off position, the transmission controller disengaging the clutch and m