Abstract: A 1-butene/ethylene copolymer (A) satisfying the following requirements (A1) to (A5). (A1) a content of constituent units (i) derived from 1-butene is in a range of 70 to 99.9 mol %, and a content of constituent units (ii) derived from ethylene is in a range of 0.1 to 30 mol % [provided that a total of constituent units (i) and constituent units (ii) is 100 mol %]; (A2) an isotactic pentad fraction (mmmm) calculated by 13C-NMR is in a range of 80 to 99.9%; (A3) an intrinsic viscosity [?] measured in decalin at 135° C. is in a range of 0.7 to 2.0 dl/g; (A4) a melt flow rate (MFR) measured at 190° C. and a load of 2.16 kg in accordance with ASTM D1238 is 1 to 100 g/10 min; and (A5) a melting peak is not observed during second temperature raising in calorimetry with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC).

Abstract: [Problem] To provide a laminate having a polar resin layer, which is excellent in transparency and mechanical strength (in particular impact resistance), and a polar resin composition for forming the polar resin layer of the laminate having such properties. [Solution] A polar resin composition including 5 to 30% by mass of an ethylenic polymer (A), 40 to 85% by mass of a polar resin component (B), and 10 to 40% by mass of a modified ethylene/?-olefin copolymer (C) obtained by modifying an ethylene/?-olefin copolymer (CO) with an unsaturated carboxylic acid or a derivative thereof and having a melt flow rate (190° C., 2.16 kg load) of 0.1 to 50 g/10 minutes, provided that the sum of proportions of the (A), (B), and (C) is 100% by mass.

Abstract: An ophthalmological measuring apparatus has a display that displays a digital image of an imaged ocular fundus of a subject eye. A specifying device specifies an arbitrary point on the displayed digital image. An extracting device extracts from the displayed digital image an image region whose brightness value is higher than a brightness value of the specified arbitrary point.

Abstract: A mask that determines an imaging range of an ocular fundus is disposed in the optical system at the position conjugate to the fundus. The size of the mask on the ocular fundus is calculated in accordance with the optical imaging parameters of the optical system and the diopter of a subject eye and the eye axial length thereof. Two points are specified on the image on the display screen. The actual distance between the specified points on the ocular fundus is calculated based on the calculated mask size on the ocular fundus, a coordinate distance of the mask on the display screen and a coordinate distance between the two specified points on the display screen. With such a constitution, the actual distance on the ocular fundus is derived from the optical imaging parameters in the optical system and the subject eye parameters, which affect the imaging magnification. This assures the precise measurement of the actual distance on the ocular fundus from the image on the display screen.

Abstract: The technique of the present invention assumes a watermark image including ID information as an image located in a frequency domain and makes the whole watermark image subjected to an inverse transform from the frequency domain to generate a transformed image. The technique subsequently adds the transformed image to a photographic image to obtain an embedded image with the ID information embedded therein as a digital watermark. The technique then records the embedded image in a predetermined card by means of printing, so as to issue an ID card. This arrangement enables easy detection of any illegal alteration of the ID card, for example, falsification of the photographic image.