Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a pigment composition and an ink (in particular, a waterborne ink) that can reduce a viscosity increase over time when an azo lake pigment is used as a pigment and also have excellent color strength and gloss in printed products. The pigment composition according to the present invention includes a divalent metal lake azo pigment, and 0.1% by weight to 20% by weight of a divalent metal salt of a mono- or di-carboxylic acid compound. The divalent metal of the divalent metal salt is preferably an alkaline earth metal ion. The mono- or di-carboxylic acid compound is preferably a mono- or di-carboxylic acid compound having a carbon number of 4 to 20.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method for efficiently identifying a polyubiquitinated substrate which is generally not easily identified. The method for identifying a polyubiquitinated substrate includes (1) a step of expressing a trypsin-resistant polyubiquitin chain-binding protein and a ubiquitin ligase in a cell, (2) a step of isolating a complex that contains the trypsin-resistant polyubiquitin chain-binding protein from the cell having undergone the step (1), (3) a step of subjecting the complex isolated by the step (2) to trypsin digestion, and (4) a step of identifying a peptide that has a ubiquitination site from a digested material obtained by the step (3).

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method for efficiently identifying a polyubiquitinated substrate which is generally not easily identified. The method for identifying a polyubiquitinated substrate includes (1) a step of expressing a trypsin-resistant polyubiquitin chain-binding protein and a ubiquitin ligase in a cell, (2) a step of isolating a complex that contains the trypsin-resistant polyubiquitin chain-binding protein from the cell having undergone the step (1), (3) a step of subjecting the complex isolated by the step (2) to trypsin digestion, and (4) a step of identifying a peptide that has a ubiquitination site from a digested material obtained by the step (3).

Abstract: An information providing apparatus is provided that is for structuring and presenting the detailed information of an,event, reflecting the environmental conditions of the event and customized for each user, for various events relating to information such as a news article or a publicity (for example, systems fortax, pension, public service fees, services, etc).

Abstract: A system for executing a learning algorithm for solving an optimization problem of an evolutionary algorithm, etc. In this system, a learning algorithm executing device and a terminal device are interconnected by a network. In the terminal device, a change of an execution process of the learning algorithm may be set during the execution of the learning algorithm. In the learning algorithm executing device, the execution of the learning algorithm is continued according to the change of the execution process, which is set in the terminal device. As the change of the execution process of the learning algorithm, an execution condition of the learning algorithm is changed during its execution, or a visual or numerical change is made to an object representing the progress state of the execution of the algorithm on a display screen, in the terminal device.

Abstract: The present invention provides a nucleotide sequence encoding Sia.alpha.2,3Gal.beta.1,4GlcNAc .alpha.2,8-sialyltransferase and an enzymatically active fragment thereof. The present invention also provides a nucleotide sequence encoding an extracellularly releasable protein capable of catalyzing Sia.alpha.2,3Gal.beta.1,4GlcNAc .alpha.2,8-sialyltransfer which comprises an enzymatically active fragment of the Sia.alpha.2,3Gal.beta.1,4GlcNAc .alpha.2,8-sialyltransferase together with a nucleotide sequence encoding at least one signal peptide. The present invention also provides recombinant vectors comprising nucleotide sequences encoding Sia.alpha.2,3Gal.beta.1,4GlcNAc .alpha.2,8-sialyltransferase. Processes for preparing extracellularly releasable polypeptide fragments of Sia.alpha.2,3Gal.beta.1,4GlcNAc .alpha.2,8-sialyltransferase are provided as well.

Abstract: The subject invention provides Sia.alpha.2,3 Gal.beta.1,4GlcNAc.alpha.2,8-sialyltransferase and an enzymatically active fragment thereof, and a nucleotide sequence encoding said sialyltransferase. The subject invention also provides an extracellularly releasable protein capable of catalyzing Sia.alpha.2,3Gal.beta.1,4GlcNAc.alpha.2,8-sialyltransfer which comprises the enzymatically active fragment of the Sia.alpha.2,3Gal.beta.1,4GlcNAc.alpha.2,8-sialyltransferase together with a signal peptide.