Abstract: Provided are: a dicyano N-heterocyclic compound represented by formula (I) (in the formula, R3 represents an electron-donating group, and n represents the number of repetitions of the content in brackets and is 0 or 1), the compound having exceptional heat resistance and light emission characteristics; a light-emitting material; and a light-emitting element in which the same is used.

Abstract: A compound represented by formula (I) or formula (II): in formula (I), R3 represents an electron donating group, R4 represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or an electron donating group, L3 represents a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, L4 represents a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, L3 and L4 may bond together to form a ring with the carbon atoms to which they are bonded, in formula (II), R5 represents an electron donating group, R6 represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or an electron donating group, L5 represents a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, L6 represents a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group.

Abstract: A compound represented by formula (I) or formula (1I): in formula (I), R3 represents an electron donating group, R4 represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or an electron donating group, L3 represents a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, L4 represents a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, L3 and L4 may bond together to form a ring with the carbon atoms to which they are bonded, in formula (II), R5 represents an electron donating group, R6 represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or an electron donating group, L5 represents a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, L6 represents a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group.

Abstract: Provided are: a dicyano N-heterocyclic compound represented by formula (I) (in the formula, R3 represents an electron-donating group, and n represents the number of repetitions of the content in brackets and is 0 or 1), the compound having exceptional heat resistance and light emission characteristics; a light-emitting material; and a light-emitting element in which the same is used.

Abstract: A compound represented by formula (I) or formula (II): in formula (I), R3 represents an electron donating group, R4 represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or an electron donating group, L3 represents a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, L4 represents a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, L3 and L4 may bond together to form a ring with the carbon atoms to which they are bonded, in formula (II), R5 represents an electron donating group, R6 represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or an electron donating group, L5 represents a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, L6 represents a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group.

Abstract: A compound represented by formula (I) or formula (1I): in formula (I), R3 represents an electron donating group, R4 represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or an electron donating group, L3 represents a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, L4 represents a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, L3 and L4 may bond together to form a ring with the carbon atoms to which they are bonded, in formula (II), R5 represents an electron donating group, R6 represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or an electron donating group, L5 represents a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, L6 represents a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group.

Abstract: A compound represented by formula (I) or formula (II): in formula (I), R3 represents an electron donating group, R4 represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or an electron donating group, L3 represents a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, L4 represents a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, L3 and L4 may bond together to form a ring with the carbon atoms to which they are bonded, in formula (II), R5 represents an electron donating group, R6 represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or an electron donating group, L5 represents a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, L6 represents a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group.

Abstract: A compound represented by formula (I) or formula (1I): in formula (I), R3 represents an electron donating group, R4 represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or an electron donating group, L3 represents a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, L4 represents a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, L3 and L4 may bond together to form a ring with the carbon atoms to which they are bonded, in formula (II), R5 represents an electron donating group, R6 represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or an electron donating group, L5 represents a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, L6 represents a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group.

Abstract: The present invention provides a production method for biofuel based on a technology to convert carbon-dioxide as a carbon source through photosynthesis by photosynthetic microorganisms to biomass and produce biofuel of the biomass. The production method for biofuel of the present invention comprises a culturing process (S1) of culturing in a culture solution photosynthetic microorganisms which store oils, fats and carbohydrates in cells of the photosynthetic microorganisms, an oil and fat conversion process (S2) of converting the carbohydrates stored in the cells of the photosynthetic microorganisms cultured in the culture apparatus to oils and fats, an extraction process (S3) of extracting the oils and fats out of the cells of the photosynthetic microorganisms, and a reforming process (S4) to reform the extracted oils and fats.

Abstract: The present invention provides a production method for biofuel based on a technology to convert carbon-dioxide as a carbon source through photosynthesis by photosynthetic microorganisms to biomass and produce biofuel of the biomass. The production method for biofuel of the present invention comprises a culturing process (S1) of culturing in a culture solution photosynthetic microorganisms which store oils, fats and carbohydrates in cells of the photosynthetic microorganisms, an oil and fat conversion process (S2) of converting the carbohydrates stored in the cells of the photosynthetic microorganisms cultured in the culture apparatus to oils and fats, an extraction process (S3) of extracting the oils and fats out of the cells of the photosynthetic microorganisms, and a reforming process (S4) to reform the extracted oils and fats.

Abstract: To improve the probability of error correction, thereby generating correct read data. Data is read from the same sector by a number of times and a majority decision is done in the same address, thereby the most frequently read value is regarded as the true data value in the address. For example, for an address 00, “00” is handled as a true data value.

Abstract: The hard disk drive comprises: a magnetic disk 2 having servo information stored; magnetic heads 4 seeking on the magnetic disk 2 and staying at a predetermined position to read or write data; a voice coil motor 6 moving the magnetic heads 4 to the predetermined position of the magnetic disk 2; a position controller supplying a driving current to the voice coil motor 6 based on the servo information read by the magnetic heads 4. The position controller includes: a CPU 12 outputting a speed control value based on the servo information; a DAC 7 and a VCM driver 8 converting the speed control value into the driving current; and a controller 10 limiting a driving speed of the voice coil motor 6 in a case that an output timing of the speed control value is shifted.

Abstract: To provide a method of starting a data storage unit which allows a computer system to be used as early as possible. The present invention relates to a method for starting up a computer system having a data storage unit equipped with an actuator arm which supports a flexible cable. The method allows a command from the host computer to be processed before generation of corrected tension data for the flexible cable. The method includes the steps of turning on power; executing a start operation, excluding generation of corrected tension data of the flexible cable; causing an access command from a host computer to be in an executable state, following the step of executing a start operation; and executing generation of corrected tension data of the flexible cable, following the step of causing an access command from a host computer to be in an executable state.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for detecting an abnormal fly height of a magnetic head. The method includes reproducing a servo signal recorded on a magnetic disk in advance by the magnetic head when a write operation for writing data on the magnetic disk by the magnetic head is initiated. Next, the gain of the servo signal based on the head part of the servo signal reproduced by the magnetic head is determined. The gain of the servo signal is then compared with a reference value to detect an abnormal fly height of the magnetic head. In an advantageous embodiment, the reference value is the gain of a servo signal determined when the fly height of the magnetic head is normal. Alternatively, in other advantageous embodiments, the reference value is based on the gain of a previous servo signal.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for reducing crushing of grain when the grain having Vickers hardness Hv in a range of 11≦Hv≦14 is transported by means of gas. The present invention is a gas transportation method for grain having Vickers hardness Hv in a range of 11≦Hv≦14, and gas transportation is performed under the condition that a velocity V of transportation gas is set at a value in a range of 10 m/s≦V≦20 m/s. Alternatively or additionally, a blending ratio &mgr; expressed as a ratio of a flow amount of the grain (kg/H) to a flow amount of the transportation gas (kg/H) is set at a value in a range of (3 V−30)≦&mgr;≦(3 V−20).

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a method which is capable of reducing a crushing rate of grain when the grain such as rice is transported by means of gas through pipes. The temperature of the grain in a grain accommodation tank which is connected to a transportation pipe for grain is measured. A temperature signal indicating this temperature is sent to control means, which determines the temperature of transportation gas so that a difference between this temperature and the temperature of the grain is within a predetermined range. The determined temperature is transmitted to an intercooler so that the temperature of the transportation gas which is sent from a blower and flows through the transportation pipe is controlled to be at the determined specific temperature. Transportation of the grain by means of the transportation gas at this temperature prevents the grain from crushing.

Abstract: In an abnormality detecting device for a position detecting device which generates an amplitude-modulated or phase-modulated signal from a position sensor according to the rotational position of the rotor of a motor when a reference signal having a predetermined periodic waveform is supplied, there are provided a bias current applying unit made of a passage including a resistance of applying DC bias current to an output winding of the position sensor, positional abnormality detecting units for detecting a biased DC signal of an amplitude-modulated or phase-modulated signal applied to the output winding apart from a position detector circuit for detecting the rotational position of the rotor, and an abnormality detection judgment processing part for judging abnormality of the position detecting device from a DC signal detected by the positional abnormality detecting units.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a changeover valve which is capable of preventing granular material from being crushed when the granular material is transported by gas through a pipe system, and more particularly a changeover valve which is capable of preventing grain from being crushed, broken, and chipped when the grain such as rice is transported by gas through the pipe system. It is another object of the present invention to provide a gas transportation pipe system for grain to which the changeover valve is applied.