Abstract: A discharge lamp (1) includes a glass tube (2) having electrodes (3) with an electron radioactive material coated thereon, the electrodes (3) being provided on respective ends of the glass tube (2), wherein the glass tube (2) has a gas containing a luminescent material sealed therein and has a fluorescent material coated on its inner surface, the glass tube (2) has a diameter less than 6.5 mm and the gas sealed into the glass tube (2) is gases of more than one kind selected from an Ar (argon) gas, a Kr (krypton) gas and a Xe (xenon) gas or a mixed gas mainly made of gases of more than one kind selected from the Ar gas, the Kr gas and the Xe gas. Thus, the discharge lamp (1) can reduce a diameter of its tube and it is able to provide high luminous efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrically conductive member including a core and a resin layer provided on an outer peripheral surface of the core, wherein the resin layer is made of a resin composition in which an electrically conductive agent is dispersed, and the abrasion amount of the resin composition, measured by JIS K6902, is 20 mg or less. Moreover, the present invention provides a unit for cleaning an image holding member, a process cartridge, and an image forming apparatus each using the electrically conductive member.

Abstract: The invention provides an image-forming apparatus equipped with a toner container containing toner particles and an endless belt circulating in contact with image carriers carrying electrostatic latent images. The image-forming apparatus forms a toner image on a recording medium by developing an electrostatic latent image on an image carrier by supplying the toner particles thereto, transferring the toner image onto the surface of the belt and finally onto the recording medium, and fixing the toner image thereon. When the particle count distribution in diameter ranges of the toner particles is expressed by Smaller-side grain size distribution index GSDpS=(D50p/D16p)1/2, the toner container contains toner particles having a smaller-side grain size distribution index GSDpS of 1.24 or less; and the belt comprises a base support having a Young's modulus of 3,500 MPa or more and 9,000 MPa or less and a surface microhardness of 10 mN/?m2 or less.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrically conductive member comprising a core and a resin layer provided on an outer peripheral surface of the core, wherein the resin layer is made of a resin composition in which an electrically conductive agent is dispersed, and the abrasion amount of the resin composition, measured by JIS K6902, is 20 mg or less. Moreover, the present invention provides a unit for cleaning an image holding member, a process cartridge, and an image forming apparatus each using the electrically conductive member.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an intermediate transfer member having a polyimide resin film containing oxidized carbon black; and an image forming apparatus comprising an intermediate transfer member having a polyimide resin film containing oxidized carbon black.

Abstract: An electroconductive member contains an electroconductive composition using a thermoplastic elastomer material having advantages such as reduction in energy of production process thereof and capability of being recycled, and which makes it possible to prevent a change in resistance by sending an electric current, improve uniformity of electric resistance, and reduce dependency on an electric field and a resistance-change by environment. The electroconductive resin composition contains an epoxidized diene block copolymer; a thermoplastic elastomer other than the epoxidized diene block copolymer, a conductive agent and one of a thermoplastic resin and a compound having an amino group.

Abstract: A semiconductive member such as a semiconductive belt or a semiconductive roll used with an image formation apparatus has a portion formed of a thermoplastic elastomer composition comprising a thermoplastic resin 73 as a matrix and rubber particles 72 at least some of which have conductivity and at least some of which are cross-linked as domain.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an intermediate transfer member having a polyimide resin film containing oxidized carbon black; and an image forming apparatus comprising an intermediate transfer member having a polyimide resin film containing oxidized carbon black.

Abstract: A condensed pyridazine derivative which is useful as a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating allergic skin diseases such as contact dermatitis, pruritus, dried dermatitis, acute urticaria and prurigo.

Abstract: An electroconductive member contains an electroconductive composition using a thermoplastic elastomer material having advantages such as reduction in energy of production process thereof and capability of being recycled, and which makes it possible to prevent a change in resistance by sending an electric current, improve uniformity of electric resistance, and reduce dependency on an electric field and a resistance-change by environment. The electroconductive resin composition contains an epoxidized diene block copolymer; a thermoplastic elastomer other than the epoxidized diene block copolymer, a conductive agent and one of a thermoplastic resin and a compound having an amino group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an intermediate transfer member having a polyimide resin film containing oxidized carbon black; and an image forming apparatus comprising an intermediate transfer member having a polyimide resin film containing oxidized carbon black.

Abstract: A hinge structure of a jutting door for a vehicle has a hinge member pivotally attached to between the inside of a vehicle body and a door at the both ends, the hinge member swinging so that the door opens with a forward movement. The door hinge structure comprises a rod member having a length different from that of the hinge member. The rod member is pivotally attached to between the inside of the vehicle body and the door at the both ends so as to restrain an outer end of the door from excessively opening. The hinge member has an avoiding part for avoiding a touch with the vehicle body when the door is fully or near fully open. The hinge part can be arranged on the passenger compartment side which is unaffected by mud, without the hinge part and the rod part protruding into the passenger compartment to obstruct the passenger when the door is fully closed.

Abstract: An intermediate transfer material which is disposed between a latent image-carrier and a recording medium and is primary-transferred thereon a toner image formed on the latent image-carrier, wherein the intermediate transfer material is formed by a polyimide resin having dispersed therein an electrically conductive agent and having a glass transition temperature of 245° C. or lower, and an image-forming apparatus using the above-described intermediate transfer material. The intermediate transfer material does not give image defects such as white spots, etc., caused by lowering of resistivity by the influence of a transferring electric field.

Abstract: A semiconductive member such as a semiconductive belt or a semiconductive roll used with an image formation apparatus has a portion formed of a thermoplastic elastomer composition comprising a thermoplastic resin 73 as a matrix and rubber particles 72 at least some of which have conductivity and at least some of which are cross-linked as domain.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus whose secondary transfer member is provided with an intermediate transfer belt 6, a bias roll 9 for use in secondarily transferring an unfixed toner image on the intermediate transfer belt onto a recording medium P, and a backup roll which is located in opposition to the bias roll and used for supporting the intermediate transfer belt from the back of the intermediate transfer belt. The intermediate transfer belt is made of belt material of three-layer structure comprising a base made of plastics such as polyimide resin and an electrically-conductive agent, the combination of which has a Young's modulus of 35000 kg/cm.sup.2 or greater, an intermediate layer made of elastic material such as fluororubber, silicone rubber or the like and a surface layer made of material having low surface energy such as fluoroplastics. The thickness of each layer is as follows: the base is 50 .mu.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus provides a good quality image free from any destaticizing mechanism without toner scattering during transfer and a high quality transfer image invariably. The image forming apparatus also allows fair secondary transfer and prevention of image defects such as hollow character due to a small deformation of a belt material against the stress during driving. An electrostatic latent image formed on an image carrier 1 is rendered visible by a developing apparatus 4 to give a toner image. The toner image, which has primarily been transferred to an intermediate transfer belt 7, is then secondarily transferred to a recording medium P by the action of a bias roll 10. the intermediate transfer belt consists of at least two layers, a substrate having a Young's modulus of not less than 35,000 kg/cm.sup.2 and a surface layer having a volume resistivity of from 10.sup.10 to 10.sup.13 .OMEGA.cm.

Abstract: A joint structure for removably attaching a ball member to an end of a bar member to form a truss structure is disclosed having an engagement member attached to the ball member, which engagement member has an exterior portion extending outwardly of the outer surface of the ball member, and an attachment device associated with the end of the bar member which removably engages the exterior portion of the engagement member. The joint structure according to the present invention may be utilized with bar members with or without tension rods extending through the bar member. The ball structure may be a spherical shell made of metal or fiber reinforced plastic which is located within a hollow concrete sphere. The spherical shell is not removed from the interior of the concrete sphere, but, instead, is used to increase the tensile force resistance of the ball member. The spherical shell may be imbedded in the ball member at the time of forming the concrete ball and can be used as a molding core.

Abstract: A quartz crystal oscillator including a quartz crystal plate defining a tuning fork having a base, two vibratory tines extending from the base and a frame integrally extending from the base and surrounding the tines is provided. The quartz crystal plate is disposed between two cooperating case members in the region of the base and frame. Thin metallic electrodes are disposed on the opposed planar surfaces of the quartz crystal plate. A through-hole or opening is formed in the base region of the vibrator plate for electrically connecting an electrode from one planar surface of the plate to the opposed planar surface for providing two external terminals on one surface case member. The electrical connection through the through-hole or opening is a thin metal film disposed by sputtering or deposition.

Abstract: A quartz crystal oscillator package comprising a quartz crystal vibrator leaf enclosed in an evacuated housing. The vibrator leaf frame is sandwiched and sealed between a pair of housing elements formed by etching at one time the periphery of each housing element and at another time etching a concave portion in each housing element. Opposed concave portions provide the internal volume wherein the vibrator leaf is sealed under vacuum. Using heat and vacuum, a metal film deposited on the sealing surfaces of the housing elements fuses with a binder material to form a eutectic alloy seal. A flat package having small size, high structural strength, an excellent hermetic seal, and high internal vacuum is produced by this method.

Abstract: A quartz crystal oscillator package comprising a quartz crystal vibrator leaf enclosed in an evacuated housing. The vibrator leaf frame is sandwiched and sealed between a pair of housing elements formed by etching at one time the periphery of each housing element and at another time etching a concave portion in each housing element. Opposed concave portions provide the internal volume wherein the vibrator leaf is sealed under vacuum. Using heat and vacuum, a metal film deposited on the sealing surfaces of the housing elements fuses with a binder material to form a eutectic alloy seal. A flat package having small size, high structural strength, an excellent hermetic seal, and high internal vacuum is produced by this method.