Abstract: A vacuum circuit interrupter includes a cylinder made of a metal relatively easy to deform plastically, and first and second insulating disks closing the ends of the metallic cylinder to form therewith an evacuated envelope. A stationary rod enters the envelope through the first disk in such a manner as to provide a seal therewith. A movable conductive rod movably enters the envelope through the second disk. A bellows is fixed at its one end to the movable rod and at its other end to the second disk in such a manner as to provide a seal about the movable rod to allow for movement thereof without impairing the vacuum inside the envelope. Stationary and movable electrodes are connected to the stationary and movable rods respectively in such a manner as to engage and disengage with each other according to the movement of the movable rod.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrolyte circulation type cell stack secondary battery in which the negatively active materials is a metal selected from the group consisting of cadmium, zinc and lead. An electrode is positioned in the vicinity of each of the catholyte inlet and outlet channels of each secondary cell and the electrodes are connected to the cathode of the cell by a connector, thereby maintaining the electrodes at the same potential as the cathode and preventing the occurrence of abnormal electrodeposition.

Abstract: A vacuum circuit interrupter includes an evacuated envelope composed of a plastically deformable metallic cylinder and first and second insulating disks closing the opposite ends of the cylinder. Stationary and movable conductive rods project coaxially through the first and second disks respectively. Stationary and movable electrodes are connected to the stationary and movable rods in such a manner as to engage with each other when the movable rod moves toward the stationary rod and disengage with each other when the movable rod moves away from the stationary rod. A bellows surrounds the movable rod inside the envelope and is fixed at its one end to the movable rod and at its other end to the second disk in such a manner as to provide a seal about the movable rod to allow for movement thereof without impairing the vacuum inside the envelope. A first conductive shield surrounds the stationary rod inside the envelope.

Abstract: A vacuum interrupter has a bell-shaped metal casing made of copper or stainless steel with a copper, ring-shaped stress reduction member sandwiched between an open end of the casing and the outer periphery of a ceramic insulation disk. Since copper is plastically deformable, thermal stress generated during cooling down to room temperature following brazing of the metal casing to the ceramic insulation disk is substantially reduced, resulting in increased brazing strength so that the wall thickness of the casing can be increased. Further, since copper and stainless steel are not ferromagnetic materials, it is possible to reduce eddy currents and magnetostrictive vibration in the casing.

Abstract: A vacuum interrupter envelope including a housing made of non magnetic metallic material with end plates fabricated from insulating material in the form of a ceramic or crystallized glass. Auxiliary sealing members are made of metallic material which are deformable in response to thermal stress at high temperture.

Abstract: A vacuum interrupter for electric power having a vacuum vessel into which a pair of electrode holders each having an electrode contact brazed to the end thereof are in contact with each other when the device is closed and are separated from each other when the device is open.