Abstract: This invention relates to an event timing apparatus for an internal combustion engine, and more particularly to an improved control arrangement for a fuel injection and ignition arrangement. In accordance with this invention, a timing detecting arrangement is disclosed having a timing correcting circuit for correcting deviations between the actual timing measurements made and the true, desired timing signal required for accurate operation of the fuel injection system. Thus, a fuel injection system and ignition system is provided that is able to provide accurate crank angle timing measurements with reference to which crank chamber pressure and other measurements may be made, in spite of possible manufacturing and/or assembling variations in the timing measuring means. The way in which the manufacturing or assembling of variations are measured is also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a fuel injection apparatus for an internal combustion engine, and more particularly to an improved control arrangement for a fuel injection arrangement. In accordance with the invention, an arrangement is disclosed for determining the mass of air taken into the engine crankcase chamber by calculating an average intake air mass which is based not on pressure measurements taken upon each crankshaft rotation individually, but on the arithmetical mean of such pressure measurements taken during a plurality of crankshaft rotations. Thus, a fuel injection control system is achieved which senses differences in crankcase pressure and which eliminates the effects of abnormal changes in crankcase pressure due to effects other than the amount of air inducted.

Abstract: A number of embodiments of combustion chamber configurations for internal combustion engines as applied as power units for outboard motors. In each embodiment, the combustion chamber comprises a main open volume in which combustion is initiated and into which fuel is discharged by a fuel injection nozzle. An energy cell, of smaller volume, is disposed so as to receive some of the fuel discharged by the injection nozzle and for creating combustion at the end of the combustion cycle to cause a pressure increase that discharges a hot charge into the main combustion volume for completing combustion. The energy cell is formed from a ceramic material. Both two and four-cycle applications and variations of combustion chamber configurations are disclosed.

Abstract: Several embodiments of fuel injection systems for internal combustion engines wherein certain components of the engine are lubricated directly by lubricant supplied by a lubricant pump and the lubricant pump also supplies lubricant to a fuel injection pump. In some embodiments, the fuel delivered to the injection pump is mixed with the fuel pumped by the injection pump for delivery to the engine through an injection nozzle.

Abstract: Several embodiments of fuel injection systems for internal combustion engines wherein certain components of the engine are lubricated directly by lubricant supplied by a lubricant pump and the lubricant pump also supplies lubricant to a fuel injection pump. In some embodiments, the fuel delivered to the injection pump is mixed with the fuel pumped by the injection pump for delivery to the engine through an injection nozzle.

Abstract: Several embodiments of turbo-charged two cycle internal combustion engines utilized in combination with an outboard motor. In each embodiment, the exhaust system for the engine includes devices for insuring that sufficient backpressure is exerted at the exhaust port of one cylinder during the overlap period when its scavenge passages and exhaust ports are both open so as to preclude the discharge of fresh fuel/air mixture to the atmosphere without adversely affecting the turbo-charger performance. In some embodiments of the invention, a valve arrangement is controlled for controlling the proportion of the exhaust gases that flow across the turbo-charger so that at some running conditions, the turbo-charger receives all of the exhaust gases. In all embodiments, an expansion chamber device is incorporated in the drive shaft housing of the outboard motor and in some embodiments, the turbo-charger turbine inlet receives its gases from this expansion chamber.

Abstract: Disclosed are several embodiments of a turbo-charged two cycle internal combustion engines utilized in combination with an outboard motor are disclosed. In each embodiment, the exhaust system for the engine includes devices for insuring that sufficient backpressure is exerted at the exhaust port of one cylinder during the overlap period when its scavenge passages and exhaust ports are both open so as to preclude the discharge of fresh fuel/air mixture to the atmosphere without adversely affecting the turbo-charger performance. In some embodiments of the invention, a valve arrangement is controlled for controlling the proportion of the exhaust gases that flow across the turbo-charger so that at some running conditions, the turbo-charger receives all of the exhaust gases. In all embodiments, an expansion chamber device is incorporated in the drive shaft housing of the outboard motor and in some embodiments, the turbo-charger turbine inlet receives its gases from this expansion chamber.

Abstract: Several embodiments of fuel injection controls for two-cycle crankcase compression internal combustion engines. In each embodiment, the fuel injection is controlled by measuring the amount of air inducted through measurement of the pressure generated in the crankcase. In each embodiment, abnormal pressure variations in the crankcase not due to the amount of air inducted are eliminated by measuring the pressures at predetermined crankshaft angles. In some embodiments, this is done through the use of a valving arrangement and in other embodiments, this is done electronically.

Abstract: A fuel injection control method and system for a crankcase compression two cycle engine wherein the amount of fuel discharge is controlled by the pressure in the crankcase.

Abstract: A two stroke engine has a pair of adjacent cylinders. The exhaust passage from one cylinder passes near the other cylinder. Localized distortion of the other cylinder is reduced or prevented by placing isolation, insulation, or cooling means in the region between the exhaust passage and the other cylinder.

Abstract: An exhaust silencer for an outboard engine including an expansion chamber for reducing the exhaust noise. A reflection chamber having an open end and a closed end is placed with its open end communicating with the expansion chamber at a location which is reversely spaced from the open end of an exhaust pipe discharging into the expansion chamber. This enables the engine to be operated optimally in a plurality of engine speed ranges and for the silencer to occupy a minimal volume.

Abstract: A two cycle loop scavenging engine of the crankcase precompression type having a pair of equally dimensioned scavenging passages 14, 16 disposed in a cylinder block 10 behind an apertured cylinder line 12. The passages are symmetrically positioned on opposite sides of a vertical plane A including the cylinder axis and oriented at an angle .theta. to a plane normal to the crankshaft 17. Recessed notches 22, 23 in the lower periphery of the piston skirt 20a mate with notches 12e, 12f, respectively, in the bottom of the cylinder liner at the entrances to scavenging passages 14, 16 at the bottom of each piston stroke. The notches 22, 23 have unequal cross-sectional areas to compensate for unequal fuel mixture pressures at the scavenging passage entrances caused by the rotation of the crankweb 17a, thereby producing a more uniform fuel mixture distribution in the cylinder.

Abstract: Vibration sensing and responding apparatus which includes a concave spherical surface and a ball disposed on said surface. Spring loaded means extends through said surface and is retained in position by said ball. Should the ball be displaced by horizontal vibration of the surface or be displaced by a mechanism responding to vertical vibration, the spring loaded means will move upwardly and in so doing actuate a device coupled thereto.