Abstract: An optical switching device includes: a plurality of optically variable bodies that are each variable in a degree of an optical state according to electric power; and an optical adjustment layer located between the plurality of optically variable bodies. The optically variable bodies each include: a pair of substrates; a pair of electrodes located between the pair of substrates; and an optically variable layer located between the pair of electrodes. The optical adjustment layer adheres the plurality of optically variable bodies in sheet form in a thickness direction, and adjusts a refractive index between respective substrates of adjacent optically variable bodies. The pair of electrodes have an exposed surface for supplying the electric power. An adhesion strength of the optical adjustment layer to the substrates is higher than an adhesion strength of the optically variable layer to the electrodes.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent element is provided with a light transmissive substrate, a light transmissive electrode, a counter electrode paired with the light transmissive electrode, a sealing substrate facing the light transmissive substrate, an organic light emitting layer, and a resin structure. The organic light-emitting layer is disposed between the light transmissive electrode and the counter electrode. The organic light emitting layer is sealed with the light transmissive substrate and the sealing substrate. The resin structure is disposed between the light transmissive electrode and the light transmissive substrate. The resin structure is composed of a plurality of resin layers including a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer with different refractive indices. The high refractive index layer contains a physisorption-based moisture-absorbing material.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent element is provided with a light transmissive substrate, a light transmissive electrode, a counter electrode paired with the light transmissive electrode, a sealing substrate facing the light transmissive substrate, an organic light emitting layer, and a resin structure. The organic light-emitting layer is disposed between the light transmissive electrode and the counter electrode. The organic light emitting layer is sealed with the light transmissive substrate and the sealing substrate. The resin structure is disposed between the light transmissive electrode and the light transmissive substrate. The resin structure is composed of a plurality of resin layers including a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer with different refractive indices. The high refractive index layer contains a physisorption-based moisture-absorbing material.

Abstract: A composite substrate includes a moisture-proof substrate, and a resin substrate pasted on a surface of the moisture-proof substrate. The resin substrate is formed to be smaller than the moisture-proof substrate in planar view. An end side of the resin substrate is an inclined face that is inclined inward. In an organic electroluminescence device, an organic light-emitting multilayer provided on a surface of the resin substrate is sealed with a sealing member. A moisture-proof film coats at least part of the surface of the resin substrate in which no lead-out electrode is formed.

Abstract: Provided is an organic electroluminescent element superior in long-term durability and lifetime characteristics. The organic electroluminescent element has a structure where plurality of light-emitting layers formed via an intermediate layer are interposed between a positive electrode and a negative electrode. The intermediate layer has a mixed layer, a first layer, and a hole-injection layer which are formed in this order from the positive electrode to the negative electrode, the mixed layer containing an electron-donating substance and an electron-transporting organic material, and the first layer being made of an electron-transporting material. The first layer has a thickness in a range of 0.2 to 2.0 nm. The hole-injection layer consists of an electro-accepting organic material.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to an organic electroluminescent element including a light-emitting layer disposed between electrodes. At least one of the electrodes is a transparent electrode that has light transmitting property. An auxiliary electrode formed of a metal is disposed on an opposite side of the transparent electrode from a side of the light-emitting layer. The auxiliary electrode is provided with a plurality of holes. The plurality of holes have at least two kinds of geometrical shapes in plan view.

Abstract: The organic electroluminescence element in accordance with the present invention, includes: a substrate; a light-emitting stack on a face of the substrate; a covering substrate provided so as to face the face of the substrate; and a sealing bond surrounding the light-emitting stack and bonding the substrate and the covering substrate to enclose the light-emitting stack together with the covering substrate and the substrate. The sealing bond includes a bonding layer and a low moisture permeable layer, and the low moisture permeable layer is lower in moisture permeability and thicker than the bonding layer.

Abstract: The organic electroluminescence element in accordance with the present invention includes: a substrate; a light-outcoupling layer situated on a surface of the substrate; a light-emitting layer situated on a face on an opposite side of the light-outcoupling layer from the substrate; a sealing base situated facing the face of the light-outcoupling layer; and a sealing bond formed to enclose the light-emitting layer and bond the sealing base to the face of the light-outcoupling layer. The light-outcoupling layer includes: a first portion where the light-emitting layer is situated; a second portion where the sealing bond is situated; and a groove spatially separating the first portion from the second portion.

Abstract: A composite substrate includes a moisture-proof substrate, and a resin substrate pasted on a surface of the moisture-proof substrate. The resin substrate is formed to be smaller than the moisture-proof substrate in planar view. An end side of the resin substrate is an inclined face that is inclined inward. In an organic electroluminescence device, an organic light-emitting multilayer provided on a surface of the resin substrate is sealed with a sealing member. A moisture-proof film coats at least part of the surface of the resin substrate in which no lead-out electrode is formed.

Abstract: Provided is an organic electroluminescent element superior in long-term durability and lifetime characteristics. The organic electroluminescent element has a structure where plurality of light-emitting layers formed via an intermediate layer are interposed between a positive electrode and a negative electrode. The intermediate layer has a mixed layer, a first layer, and a hole-injection layer which are formed in this order from the positive electrode to the negative electrode, the mixed layer containing an electron-donating substance and an electron-transporting organic material, and the first layer being made of an electron-transporting material. The first layer has a thickness in a range of 0.2 to 2.0 nm. The hole-injection layer consists of an electro-accepting organic material.