Abstract: Provided is a method of producing an ultrafine bubble-containing liquid containing ultrafine bubbles generated by causing film boiling in a liquid with a heat generation member, including: detaching a solid present at a liquid contact surface of the heat generation member in a form of a microscopic substance by using the film boiling; and generating ultrafine bubbles with the detached microscopic substance as a core.

Abstract: An ultrafine bubble generating apparatus and an ultrafine bubble generating method capable of efficiently generating an ultrafine bubble-containing liquid with high purity are provided. In order to this, a heating element provided in a liquid is caused to generate heat, and film boiling is made on an interface between the liquid and the heating element. A film boiling bubble is generated by the film boiling, and ultrafine bubbles are thus generated near the film boiling bubble.

Abstract: In order to efficiently produce a liquid containing ultrafine bubbles of a desired gas, an ultrafine bubble-containing liquid producing apparatus includes a gas dissolving unit that dissolves a predetermined gas into a liquid, and a UFB generating unit that generates ultrafine bubbles in the liquid in which the predetermined gas is dissolved. A CPU performs control under a first condition in a case of causing the gas dissolving unit to operate in a circulation route passing through the dissolving unit. The CPU performs control under a second condition different from the first condition in a case of causing the UFB generating unit to operate in a circulation route passing through the UFB generating unit.

Abstract: The present invention provides an ultrafine bubble-containing liquid producing apparatus capable of reducing the possibility of intermitting supply of a UFB-containing liquid. An ultrafine bubble-containing liquid producing apparatus includes producing units that produce an ultrafine bubble-containing liquid containing ultrafine bubbles by using a liquid supplied from a liquid introducing unit and deliver the produced ultrafine bubble-containing liquid to a liquid delivering unit. The producing units include a plurality of ultrafine bubble generating units capable of operating independently. Each of the plurality of ultrafine bubble generating units is provided to be capable of independently switching between communicating with and being disconnected from the liquid introducing unit and the liquid delivering unit.

Abstract: Provided is a UFB generating apparatus capable of manufacturing an ozone UFB-contained liquid with high purity and quality. To this end, in the UFB generating apparatus capable of generating UFBs containing ozone by causing film boiling in ozone water, a liquid contact portion to come into contact with the ozone water is made of a material with corrosion resistance to ozone water.

Abstract: Provided is an ultrafine bubble generating apparatus that generates ultrafine bubbles by generating film boiling by causing a heater provided in a liquid to generate heat, the ultrafine bubble generating apparatus including: an element substrate including a first heater that generates the film boiling in the liquid and a second heater that is arranged adjacent to the first heater, in which the first heater and the second heater are driven in different timings.

Abstract: A printing apparatus heats a print medium in which color development layers that develop colors in accordance with heating are stacked in correspondence with a plurality of color. The apparatus includes a drive unit configured to drive each of heating elements of a printhead using a first pulse for preheating a predetermined color development layer, and a second pulse applied after the first pulse to cause the predetermined color development layer to develop the color, and a pulse control unit configured to, when developing a specific color, perform a control in which a pulse width of the first pulse is increased and/or a control in which the number of times of application of the second pulse is increased such that another color development layer that is not used to reproduce the specific color does not develop the color.

Abstract: An apparatus is configured to heat a print medium in which a plurality of color development layers that develop colors in accordance with heating are stacked in correspondence with a plurality of colors so as to form an image on the medium by causing a desired color development layer in the plurality of color development layers to independently develop the color. The apparatus includes a printhead, an input unit configured to receive a print job, a generation unit configured to generate image data and cut information for specifying a cut position, a second generation unit configured to generate first and second pulses for driving the print head, and a drive unit configured to drive the print head to form an image on the medium and apply heat beyond a melting point to melt the medium so as to cut the medium.

Abstract: Provided is an UFB generating apparatus and an UFB generating method capable of efficiently generating an UFB-containing liquid with high purity. The ultrafine bubble generating apparatus includes a generating unit that generates ultrafine bubbles in a liquid and a post-processing unit that performs predetermined post-processing on the ultrafine bubble-containing liquid generated by the generating unit. The generating unit generates the ultrafine bubbles by causing a heating element, which is provided in the liquid on which the pre-processing is performed, to generate heat to generate film boiling on an interface between the liquid and the heating element.

Abstract: A generating method for generating a UFB at a desired component ratio, and a manufacturing apparatus and a manufacturing method for a liquid containing a UFB at a desired component ratio are provided. To this end, a mixed solution in which multiple types of gases are dissolved at a predetermined ratio is generated, and a UFB is generated by heating the mixed solution with a heating element.

Abstract: A large amount of three-dimensional cells are efficiently produced. To this end, a cell is cultured by using a culture medium containing an ultra-fine bubble generated by heating a heating element to make film boiling on an interface between a liquid W and the heating element.

Abstract: Provided is a generating method for generating an ultra-fine bubble-containing liquid in which multiple types of UFB s of different gas components are mixed at a desired concentration ratio, and a manufacturing apparatus for a liquid containing ultra-fine bubbles. Multiple types of UFB-containing liquids are generated for each gas contained by the UFBs, and the UFB-containing liquids are mixed with each other based on a mix proportion of a desired UFB concentration.

Abstract: A surface tension difference between a first ink and a third ink is smaller than a surface tension difference between the first ink and a second ink. A first gradation value for the first ink is quantized to generate a first quantized value, a second gradation value for the second ink is quantized to generate a second quantized value, and a third gradation value for the third ink is quantized to generate a third quantized value. The above quantization processing is performed such that, in a predetermined pixel region, the number of pixels for each of which the second quantized value and the third quantized value both indicate printing is greater than the number of pixels for each of which the first quantized value and the third quantized value both indicate printing.

Abstract: Provided are a method for producing an ultra-fine bubble-containing liquid, an ultra-fine bubble-containing liquid, and a method for utilizing and a device for utilizing ultra-fine bubbles that allow highly concentrated UFBs to be maintained for a long period of time and that are capable of effectively utilizing the UFBs. To this end, the method for producing an ultra-fine bubble-containing liquid includes an ultra-fine bubble generating step and a dispersing step to disperse the ultra-fine bubbles. In the ultra-fine bubble generating step, the ultra-fine bubbles are generated in a liquid by heating a heating element and making film boiling on an interface between the liquid and the heating element. In the dispersing step, a floc, which includes two or more ultra-fine bubbles, is dispersed into multiple ultra-fine bubbles by applying vibration to the liquid in which the floc floats.

Abstract: An object of the present disclosure is to improve the generation efficiency of a UFB-contained liquid in a generation apparatus having a circulation mechanism. One embodiment of the present invention is an ultra fine bubble generation apparatus including: a first tank that stores a liquid; a generation unit configured to generate an ultra fine bubble in the liquid output from the first tank; a second tank that stores the liquid output from the generation unit; and a liquid passage that inputs again the liquid stored in the second tank to the first tank, and the ultra fine bubble generation apparatus includes a blocking configuration that blocks an ultra fine bubble included in the stored liquid from being input again to the first tank.

Abstract: Provided is an ultrafine bubble generating method and an ultrafine bubble generating apparatus capable of efficiently generating a UFB-containing liquid with high purity. To this end, a flow passage inner volume is varied by using a flow passage inner volume varying element, the liquid is pressurized such that the liquid passes through a narrow portion at high speed and flows into a depressurizing area.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fine bubble generating apparatus capable of generating fine bubbles efficiently. The present invention includes a fluid flow passage that includes a narrow portion in at least a part thereof, a heating part capable of heating a liquid flowing through the fluid flow passage, and a controlling unit that controls the heating part. The controlling unit controls the heating part to generate film boiling in the liquid to generate ultrafine bubbles.

Abstract: The apparatus includes: a producing unit that generates ultrafine bubbles in a liquid supplied from a liquid introducing unit to produce an ultrafine bubble-containing liquid containing the ultrafine bubbles, and delivers the ultrafine bubble-containing liquid; a liquid delivering unit that delivers the ultrafine bubble-containing liquid to an outside; a buffer tank that receives the liquid delivered from the producing unit and delivers the liquid to the liquid delivering unit; and a controller that controls the delivery of the ultrafine bubble-containing liquid from the buffer tank to the liquid delivering unit such that, if the producing unit stops operating, an ultrafine bubble-containing liquid accumulated in the buffer tank is delivered to the liquid delivering unit to enable the liquid delivering unit to deliver the ultrafine bubble-containing liquid to the outside.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes a processing unit that converts first input image data for a first region and second input image data for a second region to reduce a difference between first region recorded image density and second region recorded image density, and generates dot position data of a dot to be generated in each of the first and second regions based on the dot data after the conversion processing. The acquisition unit acquires edge information indicating a first object pixel edge of an image pixel for the first region and a second object pixel edge of an image pixel for the second region. Based on the acquired edge information, conversion and generation processing are performed in such a manner that a color signal of an edge pixel is increased/reduced to a degree lower than a degree to which a color signal of a non-edge object pixel is increased/reduced.

Abstract: Provided is a UFB generating apparatus that is capable of efficiently generating a UFB-containing liquid with high purity by controlling generation of UFBs in the liquid. A UFB generating apparatus includes a driving unit that drives a heating element included in a heating unit to generate film boiling in the liquid in contact with the heating element, and a control unit that controls driving conditions of the heating element by the driving unit.