Abstract: An open-ear earphone includes a housing, a chamber is provided inside the housing, a speaker is provided inside the chamber and divides the chamber into a front chamber and a rear chamber. The housing is provided with a first sound hole and a second sound hole. The front chamber is communicated to the outside through the first sound hole, and the rear chamber is communicated to the outside through the second sound hole. The rear chamber includes a first volume down chamber and a second volume down chamber communicated to the first volume down chamber, and the first volume down chamber is located between the speaker and the second volume down chamber. The sound wave in backward motion generated by the speaker is transmitted to the outside from the second sound hole after being reduced by the first volume down chamber and the second volume down chamber.

Abstract: An open-ear Bluetooth® earphone includes an earphone body and a support frame. The support frame is configured to be plugged into a cavum concha of a wearer. The earphone body is provided with an audio source, and the support frame is installed on the earphone body and corresponds to the audio source. When in use, the support frame is configured to be firmly plugged into the cavum concha of the wearer to allow the earphone body to be worn on the ear of the wearer. The audio source corresponds to the ear canal of the wearer through the support frame, so that the sound emitted from the audio source is transmitted into the ear canal through the support frame. The audio source is directly opposite of the ear canal through the support frame to shorten the distance between the audio source and the ear canal.

Abstract: A windshield wiper mounting plate supports a wiper relative to a frame of an all-terrain vehicle. The windshield is hinged to the frame, and the windshield wiper mounting plate is separately hinged to the frame. The windshield can be pivoted relative to the frame, simultaneously pivoting the windshield wiper mounting plate and attached wiper. The windshield is received in a windshield mounting groove of the windshield wiper mounting plate. The windshield can be removed from the frame by sliding the windshield out of the windshield mounting groove and while leaving the windshield wiper mounting structure attached to the frame of the all-terrain vehicle.

Abstract: A windshield wiper mounting plate supports a wiper relative to a frame of an all-terrain vehicle. The windshield is hinged to the frame, and the windshield wiper mounting plate is separately hinged to the frame. The windshield can be pivoted relative to the frame, simultaneously pivoting the windshield wiper mounting plate and attached wiper. The windshield is received in a windshield mounting groove of the windshield wiper mounting plate. The windshield can be removed from the frame by sliding the windshield out of the windshield mounting groove and while leaving the windshield wiper mounting structure attached to the frame of the all-terrain vehicle.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes a configuration of a polarization control system and an algorithm that realize fast polarization controlling and tracking while avoiding the Glitch problems (i.e., loss of polarization tracking). The polarization controller includes multiple stages along with tunable orientation and retardation angles. The retardation angles are initialized to at least two different values for better polarization tracking in normal mode. In a normal mode, only the orientation angles of the polarization controller are dithered. When the monitored error is higher than the threshold, the polarization controller enters a glitch mode, and Glitch detection can be improved through error signal data processing. In the Glitch mode, at least one retardation angle is dithered along with the orientation angles.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides polarization mode dispersion compensation (PMDC) and polarization de-multiplexing systems and methods for polarization multiplexed (PolMux) optical transmission systems. The PMDC detects an error signal before a polarization splitter in PolMux systems for controlling polarization controllers (PC) and/or DGDs in the PMDC for return-to-zero (RZ) differential m-phase shift keying (DmPSK) signals. For bit-aligned PolMux systems, the error signal could be the level of clock frequency at one, two, or more times of the baud rate at one polarization. For bit-interleaved PolMux systems, the error signal could be the level of clock frequency at two times of the baud rate at one polarization. The PMDC can operate in PolMux systems with any arbitrary time offset between the two polarizations. The polarization de-multiplexer utilizes error detection at both output arms of a polarization splitter to mitigate PDL impact on any PolMux type of signal.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes a configuration of a polarization control system and an algorithm that realize fast polarization controlling and tracking while avoiding the Glitch problems (i.e., loss of polarization tracking). The polarization controller includes multiple stages along with tunable orientation and retardation angles. The retardation angles are initialized to at least two different values for better polarization tracking in normal mode. In a normal mode, only the orientation angles of the polarization controller are dithered. When the monitored error is higher than the threshold, the polarization controller enters a glitch mode, and Glitch detection can be improved through error signal data processing. In the Glitch mode, at least one retardation angle is dithered along with the orientation angles.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides polarization mode dispersion compensation (PMDC) and polarization de-multiplexing systems and methods for polarization multiplexed (PolMux) optical transmission systems. The PMDC detects an error signal before a polarization splitter in PolMux systems for controlling polarization controllers (PC) and/or DGDs in the PMDC for return-to-zero (RZ) differential m-phase shift keying (DmPSK) signals. For bit-aligned PolMux systems, the error signal could be the level of clock frequency at one, two, or more times of the baud rate at one polarization. For bit-interleaved PolMux systems, the error signal could be the level of clock frequency at two times of the baud rate at one polarization. The PMDC can operate in PolMux systems with any arbitrary time offset between the two polarizations. The polarization de-multiplexer utilizes error detection at both output arms of a polarization splitter to mitigate PDL impact on any PolMux type of signal.

Abstract: An optical communication device, and related method, are provided for providing a tailored, spectrally non-uniform gain over a broad spectrum. In particular, the optical communication device includes an optical amplifier having a dynamic gain equalization (DGE) circuit that adjusts the gain spectrum of the optical amplifier to provide uniform gain, at a desired level, within individual channel bands in accordance with the data rates of channels in those bands. Accordingly, the overall spectrum has a “stepped” profile with higher gain values for high data rate channels and lower gain values for lower rate channels. As a result, a WDM system can accommodate multiple data rate signals by providing spectrally uniform high gain for high data rate channels, and low gain for lower rate channels. Improved signal quality can thus be achieved for both high speed and low speed signals in a single WDM system.