Abstract: The present invention discloses an encoding apparatus using a Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) scanning, which includes a mode selection means for selecting an optimal mode for intra prediction; an intra prediction means for performing intra prediction onto video inputted based on the mode selected in the mode selection means; a DCT and quantization means for performing DCT and quantization onto residual coefficients of a block outputted from the intra prediction means; and an entropy encoding means for performing entropy encoding onto DCT coefficients acquired from the DCT and quantization by using a scanning mode decided based on pixel similarity of the residual coefficients.

Abstract: A system for operating multiple independent terminals of grouped, locally connected input and output devices through a single graphical user interface layer running on a computer comprising an event queue module for receiving each input command from each input device; an event handler module for receiving the input commands from the event queue module and directing input commands from specific input devices via corresponding socket/listeners of the single graphical user interface layer to corresponding ones of multiple pointers, focuses and client applications based on predetermined associations between grouped devices and respective ones of the socket/listeners; and an output module for directing output commands from each socket/listener to respective ones of the output devices based on the predetermined associations.

Abstract: The method of the present invention includes the first step of applying power to a character and/or image display apparatus and setting up input/output port values and initialization values, the second step of initializing all LED values and clearing a screen, the third step of reading initial picture data from a nonvolatile backup memory, the fourth step of writing the data read from the backup memory into a working memory, the fifth step of reading initialization data from the working memory, the sixth step of displaying an initial picture and performing a still mode until a rotation speed of a motor becomes stable, the seventh step of reading data other than the initialization data from the working memory, the eighth step of sequentially performing modes corresponding to commands contained in the read data, and the ninth step of repeating the above seventh and eighth steps until all commands stored in the working memory are processed.