Abstract: The invention discloses a decoding apparatus for decoding an analog audio signal. The decoding apparatus includes an RF tuner, an analog to digital (A/D) converter, a digital down converter, and a programmable digital signal processor (DSP). The RF tuner is used for receiving the analog audio signal and for providing an analog sound intercarrier frequency (SIF) signal indicative thereof. The analog to digital (A/D) converter is used for sampling the analog SIF signal and for converting the signal into a digital SIF signal. The digital down converter is used for down converting the digital SIF signal to generate a baseband signal. The programmable digital signal processor (DSP) is used for demodulating the baseband signal according to a demodulation procedure of a predetermined standard and decoding the demodulated baseband signal to output an output signal in compliance with a decoding procedure of the predetermined standard.

Abstract: A booting system is disclosed for booting from a non-XIP memory utilizing a boot engine that does not have ECC capabilities during booting. The booting system includes: a non-XIP memory for storing a boot loader code and a plurality of operation system (OS) images, wherein the OS images in the non-XIP memory correspond to a same source image; an XIP memory for storing a shadowed boot loader code and OS images; a Central Processing Unit (CPU) for executing the OS images stored in the XIP memory; a code shadowing module for performing error detection checking on the OS images in the non-XIP memory and shadowing the boot loader code and OS images to the XIP memory; and a non-XIP interface for enabling the boot engine to access the non-XIP memory.

Abstract: An audio system and an audio processing method are provided. The audio system comprises a down mixer, an ADC, a storage unit, a control unit, a DSP unit, and a DAC. The down mixer first down-converts an analog signal, which is then converted by the ADC into a first audio digital signal. The storage unit stores a second audio digital signal. The control unit generates a control signal. The DSP unit then processes the first audio digital signal or the second audio digital signal according to the control signal to generate a processed audio digital signal. The DAC converts this processed audio digital signal to a processed analog signal for playback. The audio processing method comprises the steps executed in the audio system.

Abstract: A processing system coupled to an apparatus is provided. The processing system includes: a non-volatile memory (NVM) storing firmware needed by the processing system; and an NVM control interface writing and reading data stored in the NVM. The apparatus verifies a previous piece of data being already written into the NVM, and the NVM control interface writes a current piece of data into the NVM.

Abstract: A processing system coupled to an apparatus is provided. The processing system includes: a non-volatile memory (NVM) storing firmware needed by the processing system; and an NVM control interface writing and reading data stored in the NVM. The apparatus verifies a previous piece of data being already written into the NVM, and the NVM control interface writes a current piece of data into the NVM.

Abstract: A booting system is disclosed for booting from a non-XIP memory utilizing a boot engine that does not have ECC capabilities during booting. The booting system includes: a non-XIP memory for storing a boot loader code and a plurality of operation system (OS) images, wherein the OS images in the non-XIP memory correspond to a same source image; an XIP memory for storing a shadowed boot loader code and OS images; a Central Processing Unit (CPU) for executing the OS images stored in the XIP memory; a code shadowing module for performing error detection checking on the OS images in the non-XIP memory and shadowing the boot loader code and OS images to the XIP memory; and a non-XIP interface for enabling the boot engine to access the non-XIP memory.

Abstract: A processing system connected to an apparatus includes a non-volatile memory (NVM) for storing firmware needed by the processing system; and an NVM control interface capable of writing and reading data stored in the NVM; wherein the NVM control interface reads a previous piece of data being already written into the NVM prior to a current piece of data and transmits the previous piece of data to the apparatus for comparison with original data that was previously written into the NVM, and the NVM control interface writes the current piece of data into the NVM.

Abstract: The invention discloses a decoding apparatus for decoding an analog audio signal. The decoding apparatus includes an RF tuner, an analog to digital (A/D) converter, a digital down converter, and a programmable digital signal processor (DSP). The RF tuner is used for receiving the analog audio signal and for providing an analog sound intercarrier frequency (SIF) signal indicative thereof. The analog to digital (A/D) converter is used for sampling the analog SIF signal and for converting the signal into a digital SIF signal. The digital down converter is used for down converting the digital SIF signal to generate a baseband signal. The programmable digital signal processor (DSP) is used for demodulating the baseband signal according to a demodulation procedure of a predetermined standard and decoding the demodulated baseband signal to output an output signal in compliance with a decoding procedure of the predetermined standard.

Abstract: A processing system connected to an apparatus includes a non-volatile memory (NVM) for storing firmware needed by the processing system; and an NVM control interface capable of writing and reading data stored in the NVM; wherein the NVM control interface reads a previous piece of data being already written into the NVM prior to a current piece of data and transmits the previous piece of data to the apparatus for comparison with original data that was previously written into the NVM, and the NVM control interface writes the current piece of data into the NVM.

Abstract: The processing system is electrically connected to a computer and has a non-volatile memory (NVM) for storing firmware and an NVM control interface having a plurality of registers for updating and reading data stored in the NVM. When the NVM control interface updates a current piece of data stored in the NVM, the NVM control interface first reads a prior piece of data that is stored in the NVM prior to the current piece of data and transmits the prior piece of data to the computer for comparison, then the NVM control interface updates the current piece of data.

Abstract: A digital signal processor for processing a plurality of digital data in a fixed-point representation or a jumping floating-point representation. The digital signal processor includes a multiplication circuit, an extracting/shifting device, a plurality of representation converters, and an arithmetic unit. The multiplication circuit is used to generate a long bit-length digital data by multiplying two short bit-length digital data with each other. The extracting/shifting device is electrically connected to the multiplication circuit for transforming the long bit-length digital data in jumping floating-point representation to a long bit-length digital data in fixed-point representation. Each representation converter is used to transform a digital data between the fixed-point representation and the jumping floating-point representation. The arithmetic unit is used to operate a plurality of digital data.

Abstract: The processing system is electrically connected to a computer and has a non-volatile memory (NVM) for storing firmware and an NVM control interface having a plurality of registers for updating and reading data stored in the NVM. When the NVM control interface updates a current piece of data stored in the NVM, the NVM control interface first reads a prior piece of data that is stored in the NVM prior to the current piece of data and transmits the prior piece of data to the computer for comparison, then the NVM control interface updates the current piece of data.