Abstract: This application provides a method for sending and receiving a clock synchronization packet in FlexE. The method includes: generating, by a sending apparatus, indication information and a plurality of data blocks, where the plurality of data blocks are obtained by encoding a first clock synchronization packet, the indication information is used to indicate a first data block, and the first data block is a data block used for timestamp sampling in the plurality of data blocks; determining, by the sending apparatus, according to the indication information, a moment at which the first data block arrives at a medium dependent interface MDI of the sending apparatus, and generating a sending timestamp, where the sending timestamp is used to record a sending moment of the first clock synchronization packet; generating a second clock synchronization packet carrying the sending timestamp; and sending, by the sending apparatus, the second clock synchronization packet.

Abstract: A packet processing method includes receiving a first packet by a first receiving interface of a media conversion module of a first network device, where the first packet includes a first alignment marker (AM), sending a second packet by a first sending interface of the media conversion module, where the second packet includes the first AM, and the second packet is the first packet processed by the media conversion module, and calculating a time interval T1 between a time at which the media conversion module receives the first packet and a time at which the media conversion module sends the second packet, where the T1 is used to compensate for a first timestamp at which the first network device receives or sends the third packet.

Abstract: A time synchronization method includes receiving, by a receive-end device, a first timestamp and a first header signal sent by a transmit-end device, where the first timestamp indicates a first moment at which a first channel medium conversion module sends the first header signal, and a second moment at which the receive-end device receives the first header signal. The method further includes sending a second header signal to the transmit-end device, where a third moment at which the receive-end device sends the second header signal. The method further includes receiving a fourth timestamp sent by the transmit-end device, where the fourth timestamp indicates a fourth moment at which the transmit-end device receives the second header signal. The method further includes synchronizing time with the transmit-end device based on the first moment, the second moment, the third moment, and the fourth moment.

Abstract: A packet processing method includes: obtaining, at a Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, a first fragmented data frame included in a first data frame; buffering the first fragmented data frame into a first queue; obtaining, at the MAC layer, a second fragmented data frame included in a second data frame; buffering the second fragmented data frame into a second queue; sending the first fragmented data frame to a forwarding processing module; obtaining first forwarding information using the forwarding processing module; sending the second fragmented data frame to the forwarding processing module after sending the first fragmented data frame to the forwarding processing module; and obtaining second forwarding information.

Abstract: A communications network delay variation smoothing method, an apparatus, and a system are disclosed. The method includes: clearing, by a local device, a forward delay threshold and a reverse delay threshold when an initialization time starts; and when determining that a maximum value between a real-time forward delay value corresponding to a current service flow fragment and a reverse delay threshold corresponding to the current service flow fragment is greater than a current value of the forward delay threshold, replacing the current value of the forward delay threshold with the maximum value. In this way, after the initialization ends, a delay threshold after the initialization ends is determined and is applied to delay compensation, thereby significantly reducing a bi-directional asymmetric delay variation, and avoiding a problem of abnormal user communication that is caused when the variation exceeds a limit.

Abstract: A communications network delay variation smoothing method, an apparatus, and a system are disclosed. The method includes: clearing, by a local device, a forward delay threshold and a reverse delay threshold when an initialization time starts; and when determining that a maximum value between a real-time forward delay value corresponding to a current service flow fragment and a reverse delay threshold corresponding to the current service flow fragment is greater than a current value of the forward delay threshold, replacing the current value of the forward delay threshold with the maximum value. In this way, after the initialization ends, a delay threshold after the initialization ends is determined and is applied to delay compensation, thereby significantly reducing a bi-directional asymmetric delay variation, and avoiding a problem of abnormal user communication that is caused when the variation exceeds a limit.