Abstract: A spindle includes a housing, a shaft rotatably mounted to the housing, a first bearing arrangement and a second bearing arrangement. The first bearing arrangement has at least one first pocket defined between the first bearing arrangement and the shaft forming a first radial hydrostatic bearing and a longitudinal recess between the first bearing arrangement and the shaft forming a first portion of a thrust hydrostatic bearing. Fluid supplied to the first portion of the thrust hydrostatic bearing is supplied thereto from the at least one first pocket directly through a first radial gap defined between the first bearing arrangement and the shaft. The second bearing arrangement has a longitudinal chamber between the second bearing arrangement and the shaft forming a second portion of the thrust hydrostatic bearing. Longitudinal forces on the shaft from the first portion of the thrust longitudinal bearing and the second portion of the thrust longitudinal bearing are in opposing directions.

Abstract: This invention relates to using customize oligonucleotide microchips as biosensors for the detection and identification of nucleic acids specific for different genes, organisms and/or individuals in the environment, in food and in biological samples. The microchips are designed to convert multiple bits of genetic information into simpler patterns of signals that are interpreted as a unit. Because of an improved method of hybridizing oligonucleotides from samples to microchips, microchips are reusable to transportable. For field study, portable laser or bar code scanners are suitable.

Abstract: This invention relates to using customized oligonucleotide microchips as biosensors for the detection and identification of nucleic acids specific for different genes, organisms and/or individuals in the environment, in food and in biological samples. The microchips are designed to convert multiple bits of genetic information into simpler patterns of signals that are interpreted as a unit. Because of an improved method of hybridizing oligonucleotides from samples to microchips, microchips are reusable and transportable. For field study, portable laser or bar code scanners are suitable.

Abstract: This invention relates to using customized oligonucleotide microchips as biosensors for the detection and identification of nucleic acids specific for different genes, organisms and/or individuals in the environment, in food and in biological samples. The microchips are designed to convert multiple bits of genetic information into simpler patterns of signals that are interpreted as a unit. Because of an improved method of hybridizing oligonucleotides from samples to microchips, microchips are reusable and transportable. For field study, portable laser or bar code scanners are suitable.