Abstract: There is provided a bile duct chip that is a bile duct chip (200) including a membrane (210) through which substances are movable from one surface to the other surface, a first substrate (221) having a recessed part that forms a first flow path (220), and a second substrate (231) having a recessed part that forms a second flow path (230), in which the first substrate (221), the membrane (210), the second substrate (231) are stacked in this order, the recessed part of the first substrate (221) has an opening portion facing the one surface of the membrane (210), the recessed part of the second substrate has an opening portion facing the other surface of the membrane (210), the one surface of the membrane (210) forms a part of the first flow path (220), the other surface of the membrane (210) forms a part of the second flow path (230), the first flow path (220) and the second flow path (230) communicate with each other through the membrane (210), and bile duct epithelial cells (222) are disposed on a surface of

Abstract: An information provision device includes processing circuitry for acquiring information relating to a customer, and for referring to at least the information relating to the customer in order to present the customer with information relating to characteristics given to a subject individual, which is one individual of a subject product to which characteristics are individually given so that individual differences exist between individuals of the same item.

Abstract: A dental prosthesis covers an abutment tooth. The dental prosthesis includes a groove formed in an inner side surface. The depth of the groove from a cement space is 20 to 120 ?m.

Abstract: A damping force control apparatus with adjustable shock absorbers is disclosed. An electronic control unit calculates estimated roll angle and estimated pitch angle of a vehicle body based on detected sprung accelerations, calculates a target pitch angle from the estimated roll angle, and determines target damping force required for front-wheel-side shock absorbers such that the stimulated pitch angle coincides with the target pitch angle; calculates rear-wheel-side jack-up force exerted on the rear-wheel-side vehicle body based on detected vehicle speed detected yaw rate and detected lateral acceleration, and determines the force in the direction for overcoming the calculated jack-up force as target damping force of rear-wheel-side shock absorbers; and controls the operation of each actuator based on the rear-wheel-side and front-wheel-side target damping forces.

Abstract: A damping force control apparatus has shock absorbers 10 each being capable of changing damping force. An electronic control unit 40 calculates estimated roll angle and estimated pitch angle of a vehicle body BD in accordance with sprung accelerations detected by sprung acceleration sensors 41 fl to 41rr, calculates a target pitch angle from the estimated roll angle, and determines target damping force required for front-wheel-side shock absorbers 10 such that the estimated pitch angle coincides with the target pitch angle. The electronic control unit 40 calculates rear-wheel-side jack-up force exerted on the rear-wheel-side vehicle body in accordance with vehicle speed detected by a vehicle speed sensor 43, yaw rate detected by a yaw rate sensor 44 and lateral acceleration detected by a lateral acceleration sensor 45, and determines the force in the direction for overcoming the calculated jack-up force as target damping force of rear-wheel-side shock absorbers 10.