Abstract: Provided is an antifouling structure (4) for removing fouling on a surface (1a) of a solar cell (object) (1). The antifouling structure (4) includes a first electrode (5) and a second electrode (6) provided on the surface (1a) of the solar cell (1); a power supply (8) for applying voltage to the first electrode and the second electrode (5, 6); and a water-repellent dielectric layer (7) provided so as to cover at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode (5, 6). Voltage is applied to the first electrode and the second electrode (5, 6) from the power supply (8) such that an angle at which water (polar liquid) (10) present on the water-repellent dielectric layer (7) contacts the water-repellent dielectric layer decreases.