Abstract: A system, method, and/or instrumentality may be provided for coding a 360-degree video. A picture of the 360-degree video may be received. The picture may include one or more faces associated with one or more projection formats. A first projection format indication may be received that indicates a first projection format may be associated with a first face. A second projection format indication may be received that indicates a second projection format may be associated with a second face. Based on the first projection format, a first transform function associated with the first face may be determined. Based on the second projection format, a second transform function associated with the second face may be determined. At least one decoding process may be performed on the first face using the first transform function and/or at least one decoding process may be performed on the second face using the second transform function.

Abstract: Methods and systems are disclosed for a mobile device to decode video based on available power and/or energy. For example, the mobile device may receive a media description file (MDF) from for a video stream from a video server. The MDF may include complexity information associated with a plurality of video segments. The complexity information may be related to the amount of processing power to be utilized for decoding the segment at the mobile device. The mobile device may determine at least one power metric for the mobile device. The mobile device may determine a first complexity level to be requested for a first video segment based on the complexity information from the MDF and the power metric. The mobile device may dynamically alter the decoding process to save energy based on the detected power/energy level.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for motion vector clipping when affine motion mode is enabled for a video block. A video coding device may determine that an affine mode for a video block is enabled. The video coding device may determine a plurality of control point affine motion vectors associated with the video block. The video coding device may store the plurality of clipped control point affine motion vectors for motion vector prediction of a neighboring control point affine motion vector. The video coding device may derive a sub-block motion vector associated with a sub-block of the video block, clip the derived sub-block motion vector, and store it for spatial motion vector prediction or temporal motion vector prediction. For example, the video coding device may clip the derived sub-block motion vector based on a motion field range that may be based on a bit depth value.

Abstract: A video coding device may be configured to periodically select the frame packing configuration (e.g., face layout and/or face rotations parameters) associated with a RAS. The device may receive a plurality of pictures, which may each comprise a plurality of faces. The pictures may be grouped into a plurality of RASs. The device may select a frame packing configuration with the lowest cost for a first RAS. For example, the cost of a frame packing configuration may be determined based on the first picture of the first RAS. The device may select a frame packing configuration for a second RAS. The frame packing configuration for the first RAS may be different than the frame packing configuration for the second RAS. The frame packing configuration for the first RAS and the frame packing configuration for the second RAS may be signaled in the video bitstream.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for performing horizontal geometry padding on a current sample based on receiving a wraparound enabled indication that indicates whether a horizontal wraparound motion compensation is enabled. If the horizontal wraparound motion compensation is enabled based on the wraparound enabled indication, a video coding device may determine a reference sample wraparound offset of a current sample in a picture. The reference sample wraparound offset may indicate a face width of the picture. The video coding device may determine a reference sample location for the current sample based on the reference sample wraparound offset, a picture width of the picture, and a current sample location. The video coding device may predict the current sample based on the reference sample location in a horizontal direction. Repetitive padding or clipping may be used in the vertical direction.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for reducing the complexity of using bi-directional optical flow (BIO) in video coding. In some embodiments, bit-width reduction steps are introduced in the BIO motion refinement process to reduce the maximum bit-width used for BIO calculations. In some embodiments, simplified interpolation filters are used to generate predicted samples in an extended region around a current coding unit. In some embodiments, different interpolation filters are used for vertical versus horizontal interpolation. In some embodiments, BIO is disabled for coding units with small heights and/or for coding units that are predicted using a sub-block level inter prediction technique, such as advanced temporal motion vector prediction (ATMVP) or affine prediction.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for reducing the complexity of using bi-directional optical flow (BIO) in video coding. In some embodiments, bit-width reduction steps are introduced in the BIO motion refinement process to reduce the maximum bit-width used for BIO calculations. In some embodiments, simplified interpolation filters are used to generate predicted samples in an extended region around a current coding unit. In some embodiments, different interpolation filters are used for vertical versus horizontal interpolation. In some embodiments, BIO is disabled for coding units with small heights and/or for coding units that are predicted using a sub-block level inter prediction technique, such as advanced temporal motion vector prediction (ATMVP) or affine prediction.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for video coding using affine motion models with adaptive precision. In an example, a block of video is encoded in a bitstream using an affine motion model, where the affine motion model is characterized by at least two motion vectors. A precision is selected for each of the motion vectors, and the selected precisions are signaled in the bitstream. In some embodiments, the precisions are signaled by including in the bitstream information that identifies one of a plurality of elements in a selected predetermined precision set. The identified element indicates the precision of each of the motion vectors that characterize the affine motion model. In some embodiments, the precision set to be used is signaled expressly in the bitstream; in other embodiments, the precision set may be inferred, e.g., from the block size, block shape or temporal layer.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for derive one or more intra prediction modes (IPMs) from a subset of IPM candidates in order to determine a predictor to use for decoding a block of an image. In some aspects, the subset of IPM candidates may include IPMs that are less than the number of IPMs in a full set of all available IPM candidates (e.g., 67 IPMs in VVC or 35 in HEVC). In some aspects, the subset of IPM candidates may be based on a most probable mode (MPM) list that can be used to determine or signal an IPM based on IPMs previously used in decoding other blocks.

Abstract: A video coding device may be configured to perform directional Bi-directional optical flow (BDOF) refinement on a coding unit (CU). The device may determine the direction in which to perform directional BDOF refinement. The device may calculate the vertical direction gradient difference and the horizontal direction gradient difference for the CU. The vertical direction gradient difference may indicate the difference between the vertical gradients for a first reference picture and the vertical gradients for a second reference picture. The horizontal direction gradient difference may indicate the difference between the horizontal gradients for the first reference picture and the horizontal gradients for the second reference picture. The video coding device may determine the direction in which to perform directional BDOF refinement based on the vertical direction gradient difference and the horizontal direction gradient difference.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities for affine motion estimation for affine model-based video coding may be disclosed herein. A first motion vector (MV) set including one or more MVs may be derived for a first coding block. The MVs may be control point MVs (CPMVs) and the MVs may be derived by performing affine motion estimation (ME) associated with the first coding block. The first MV set may be added to a recently-estimated MV list. A head of the recently-estimated MV list may be set to the first MV set. The recently-estimated MV list may be empty or may contain one or more previously-added MV sets.

Abstract: Overlapped block motion compensation (OBMC) may be performed for a current video block based on motion information associated with the current video block and motion information associated with one or more neighboring blocks of the current video block. Under certain conditions, some or ail of these neighboring blocks may be omitted from the OBMC operation of the current block. For instance, a neighboring block may be skipped during the OBMC operation if the current video block and the neighboring block are both uni-directionally or bi-directionally predicted, if the motion vectors associated with the current block and the neighboring block refer to a same reference picture, and if a sum of absolute differences between those motion vectors is smaller than a threshold value. Further, OBMC may be conducted in conjunction with regular motion compensation and may use simplified filters than traditionally allowed.

Abstract: Example implementations include a method and of video processing, comprising determining, during a conversion between a current video unit of a video and a bitstream of the video, to apply a prediction mode derivation tool to the current video unit, wherein in the prediction mode derivation tool, at least one intra prediction mode (IPM) is derived for the current video unit based on cost calculations between reconstructed samples and prediction samples of a template region related the current video unit. The implementations further include performing the conversion based on the determining.

Abstract: Implementations of the present disclosure provide a solution for encoding and decoding motion information. In this solution, during a conversion between a current video block of a video and a bitstream of the video, a group type of a subgroup of candidates of motion information for the current video block is determined, wherein the group type indicating whether the subgroup of candidates are to be reordered. Further, a list of candidates are constructed based on the group type; and the motion information for the current video block is derived from the list of candidates.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities for sub-block motion derivation and motion vector refinement for merge mode may be disclosed herein. Video data may be coded (e.g., encoded and/or decoded). A collocated picture for a current slice of the video data may be identified. The current slice may include one or more coding units (CUs). One or more neighboring CUs may be identified for a current CU. A neighboring CU (e.g., each neighboring CU) may correspond to a reference picture. A (e.g., one) neighboring CU may be selected to be a candidate neighboring CU based on the reference pictures and the collocated picture. A motion vector (MV) (e.g., collocated MV) may be identified from the collocated picture based on an MV (e.g., a reference MV) of the candidate neighboring CU. The current CU may be coded (e.g., encoded and/or decoded) using the collocated MV.

Abstract: Sketch copy mode may be used to code blocks comprising irregular lines, syntax redundancy may be removed from blocks with special characteristics, and/or run value coding may be simplified. The parsing dependencies in palette coding design may be removed. For example, the context modeling dependency of the syntax element palette_transpose_flag may be removed, for example, by simplifying the corresponding context model. The context modeling of the syntax element palette_mode may be removed, for example, by using run-length coding without using context. The syntax parsing dependencies and/or the syntax signaling dependencies that are related with escape color signaling may be removed. A palette table generation process may handle input screen content video with high bit depths, for example, at the encoder side.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities may be provided for determining whether to bypass bi-directional optical flow (BDOF) if BDOF is used in combination with bi-prediction with coding unit (CU) weights (e.g., generalized bi-prediction (GBi)). A coding system may combine coding modes, coding techniques, and/or coding tools. The coding system may include a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU). For example, the coding system may combine BDOF and bi-prediction with GU weights (BCW). BDOF may include refining a motion vector associated with a current CU based at least in part on gradients associated with a location in the current CU. The coding system may determine that BDOF is enabled, and/or that bi-prediction with CU weights is enabled for the current CU. The coding system's determination that bi-prediction with CU weights is enabled and/or that BDOF is enabled may be based on one or more indications.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for implementing a real-time Versatile Video Coding (VVC) decoder use multiple threads to address the limitation with existing parallelization techniques and fully utilizes the available CPU computation resource without compromising on the coding efficiency. The proposed Multi-threaded (MT) framework uses CTU level parallel processing techniques without compromising on the memory bandwidth. Picture level parallel processing separates the sequence into temporal levels by considering the picture's referencing hierarchy. Embodiments are provided using various optimization techniques to achieve real-time VVC decoding on heterogenous platforms with multi-core CPUs, for those bitstreams generated using a VVC reference encoder with a default configuration.

Abstract: Embodiments of video coding systems and methods are described for reducing coding latency introduced by decoder-side motion vector refinement (DMVR). In one example, two non-refined motion vectors are identified for coding of a first block of samples (e.g. a first coding unit) using bi-prediction. One or both of the non-refined motion vectors are used to predict motion information for a second block of samples (e.g. a second coding unit). The two non-refined motion vectors are refined using DMVR, and the refined motion vectors are used to generate a prediction signal of the first block of samples. Such embodiments allow the second block of samples to be coded substantially in parallel with the first block without waiting for completion of DMVR on the first block. In additional embodiments, optical-flow-based techniques are described for motion vector refinement.

Abstract: Bi-directional optical flow (BDOF) may be bypassed, for a current coding block, based on whether symmetric motion vector difference (8MVD) is used in motion vector coding for the current coding block, A coding device (e.g., an encoder or a decoder) may determine whether to bypass BDOF for the current coding block based at least in part on an SMVD indication for the current coding block, The coding device may obtain the SMVD indication that indicates whether SMVD is used in motion vector coding for the current coding block. If SMVD Indication indicates that SMVD is used in the motion vector coding for the current coding block, the coding device may bypass BDOF for the current coding block. The coding device may reconstruct, the current coding block without performing BDOF if it determines to bypass BDOF for the current coding block.