Abstract: Restrictions on the major dimension of flattened tubes used in heat exchangers employing oval shaped, two piece headers/tank assemblies can be minimized in a construction including a plurality of flattened tubes (14) each having a minor dimension and a major dimension transverse thereto and extending in spaced parallel relation. Fins (16) are in heat exchange relation with the tubes (14) and a pair of spaced, parallel, elongated headers/tank assemblies (10, 12) are provided between which the tubes (14) extend. At least one of the headers/tank assemblies (10, 12) is a multiple piece header/tank assembly including a header piece (20) and a separate tank piece (22). The header piece (20) is elongated and provided with a plurality of slots (28) sized to receive ends of the tubes (14) with the tube major dimensions being generally transverse to the direction of elongation of the header piece (20). The header piece further includes a peripheral flange (24).

Abstract: Potential difficulties in surface modification of a substrate are avoided by using a mixture that includes a ceramic powder, a brazing material and a flux. Exposure to an elevated temperature activates the flux and at least partially melts the brazing material. Upon cooling, the melt solidifies to bond the ceramic powder to the substrate surface an create the modification.

Abstract: Energy conservation may be increased and emission production reduced in a cooling system for the internal combustion engine (10) of a vehicle that includes a high temperature radiator (50) and a lower temperature radiator (38) aligned so that airflow will flow serially through the two, passing through the lower temperature radiator (38) before passing through the higher temperature radiator (50). A liquid cooled condenser (30) is in circuit with the lower temperature radiator (38) and provides condensed refrigerant to an evaporator (20). A compressor (34) is in circuit with the condenser (30) and the evaporator (20) to provide for air conditioning and a charge air cooler (42) for the vehicle engine (10) is located in series with the lower temperature radiator (38) and the refrigerant condenser (30) to provide for improved cooling of charge air. The vehicle engine 10 is in series with the high temperature radiator 50 as is a heater 14.

Abstract: Energy conservation may be increased and emission production reduced in a cooling system for the internal combustion engine (10) of a vehicle that includes a high temperature radiator (50) and a lower temperature radiator (38) aligned so that airflow will flow serially through the two, passing through the lower temperature radiator (38) before passing through the higher temperature radiator (50). A liquid cooled condenser (30) is in circuit with the lower temperature radiator (38) and provides condensed refrigerant to an evaporator (20). A compressor (34) is in circuit with the condenser (30) and the evaporator (20) to provide for air conditioning and a charge air cooler (42) for the vehicle engine (10) is located in series with the lower temperature radiator (38) and the refrigerant condenser (30) to provide for improved cooling of charge air. The vehicle engine 10 is in series with the high temperature radiator 50 as is a heater 14.

Abstract: Potential difficulties with corrosion in hear exchangers utilizing aluminum fins are avoided by using fin and tube constructions made by a method which includes the steps of providing a flattened tube (50) of ferrous material (80) and having an exterior coating (82) predominantly of aluminum providing at least one serpentine fin (56) of aluminum (86) and clad with a predominantly aluminum braze cladding (88); assembling (102) the fin (56) to the flattened tube (50); applying (94), (100), (104), a brazing flux to at least one of the fin (56) and the tube (50); raising (106) the temperature of the assembly to a level sufficient to at least partially melt the braze cladding (88); and maintaining the temperature for a sufficient period of time to achieve a brazed joint (60) between the fin (56) and the tube (50) but a time insufficient to convert the coating (82) and the cladding (88) to ferrous-aluminum intermetallic compound or intermediate phase.

Abstract: Potential difficulties with corrosion in heat exchangers utilizing aluminum fins are avoided by using fin and tube constructions made by a method which includes the steps of providing a flattened tube (50) of ferrous material (80) and having an exterior coating (82) predominantly of aluminum; providing at least one serpentine fin (56) of aluminum (86) and clad with a predominantly aluminum braze cladding (88); assembling (102) the fin (56) to the flattened tube (50); applying (94), (100), (104), a brazing flux to at least one of the fin (56) and the tube (50); raising (106) the temperature of the assembly to a level sufficient to at least partially melt the braze cladding (88); and maintaining the temperature for a sufficient period of time to achieve a brazed joint (60) between the fin (56) and the tube (50) but a time insufficient to convert the coating (82) and the cladding (88) to ferrous-aluminum intermetallic compound or intermediate phase.

Abstract: The potential for leakage of CFCs, HCFCs, HFCs and HCs to the atmosphere as a result of leakage in vehicular refrigeration systems is reduced by employing conduits (42, 58 and 63) of relatively short length to interconnect closely grouped system components including a compressor (38), a condenser (44) and an evaporator (62). The condenser (44) includes a liquid flow path (46) in heat exchange relation with a refrigerant flow path (48) and the same is connected by conduit (52) to heat exchanger (36). The evaporator (62) also includes a liquid flow path (65) in heat exchange relation with a refrigerant flow path (60) and the same is connected by conduits (66, 67) to at least one heat exchanger (68, 69) remote from an engine compartment (22) in which the compressor (38), condenser (44) and evaporator (62) are housed. The close proximity of the components minimizes the charge of refrigerant required and thus reduces the amount of refrigerant that may potentially leak from the system.

Abstract: The high cost of fabricating heat exchangers having two fluid flow paths in countercurrent or cross current relation is minimized by utilizing an extrusion (14) wound upon itself with adjacent convolutions (16, 18, 20, 24) spaced at (26) and located within a housing (10). A baffle (56) or a seal (82, 84) are employed within the housing (10) to respectively define cross current or countercurrent heat exchangers. Alternatively, an extrusion such as a unitary extrusion (100) may contain plural flow paths (114, 120, 122) or an extrusion made up of two extrusions (150, 152) bonded together and having flow paths (162, 164) may be employed.

Abstract: Potential difficulties with corrosion in heat exchangers utilizing aluminum fins are avoided by using fin and tube constructions made by a method which includes the steps of providing a flattened tube (50) of ferrous material (80) and having an exterior coating (82) predominantly of aluminum; providing at least one serpentine fin (56) of aluminum (86) and clad with a predominantly aluminum braze cladding (88); assembling (102) the fin (56) to the flattened tube (50); applying (94), (100), (104), a brazing flux to at least one of the fin (56) and the tube (50); raising (106) the temperature of the assembly to a level sufficient to at least partially melt the braze cladding (88); and maintaining the temperature for a sufficient period of time to achieve a brazed joint (60) between the fin (56) and the tube (50) but a time insufficient to convert the coating (82) and the cladding (88) to ferrous-aluminum intermetallic compound or intermediate phase.

Abstract: Potential difficulties with corrosion in heat exchangers utilizing aluminum fins are avoided by using fin and tube constructions made by a method which includes the steps of providing a flattened tube (50) of ferrous material (80) and having an exterior coating (82) predominantly of aluminum; providing at least one serpentine fin (56) of aluminum (86) and clad with a predominantly aluminum braze cladding (88); assembling (102) the fin (56) to the flattened tube (50); applying (94), (100), (104), brazing flux to at least one of the fin (56) and the tube (50); raising (106) the temperature of the assembly to a level sufficient to at least partially melt the braze cladding (88); and maintaining the temperature for a sufficient period of time to achieve a brazed joint (60) between the fin (56) and the tube (50) but a time insufficient to convert the coating (82) and the cladding (88) to ferrous-aluminum intermetallic compound or intermediate phase.

Abstract: Potential difficulties with corrosion resistance in air cooled condensers utilizing aluminum fins are avoided by using fin and tube constructions made by a method which includes the steps of providing a flattened tube (50) of ferrous material (80) and having an exterior coating (82) predominantly of aluminum; providing at least one serpentine fin (56) of aluminum (86) and clad with a predominantly aluminum braze cladding (88); assembling (102) the fin (56) to the flattened tube (50); applying (94), (100), (104), a brazing flux to at least one of the fin (56) and the tube (50); raising (106) the temperature of the assembly to a level sufficient to at least partially melt the braze cladding (88); and maintaining the temperature for a sufficient period of time to achieve a brazed joint (60) between the fin (56) and the tube (50) but a time insufficient to convert the coating (82) and the cladding (88) to ferrous-aluminum intermetallic compound or intermediate phase.

Abstract: A tank-header connection including a groove extending about the periphery of a header plate and having a bottom wall surrounded by an upstanding wall with spaced apertures therein. A compressible gasket is located in the groove and a plastic tank having an opening surrounded by a rim is provided. The rim has a series of outwardly projecting lugs and is otherwise sized and configured to fit within the groove with the lugs extending through and being captured in aligned ones of the apertures.

Abstract: Improved resistance to pressure caused deformation in header and tank construction utilized in heat exchangers is achieved by providing domes, preferably exteriorally convex, in the header surfaces of the header and tank construction. These domes are located in the area between the holes in such constructions through which tubes extend.

Abstract: A fluid-to-fluid such as a liquid-to-air heat exchanger and a method of making such a heat exchanger in which there is provided a header plate, a plurality of liquid coolant tubes each extending into a hole in the header plate, a primary load bearing joint subject to the formation of leakage openings in the joint joining each tube to the header plate at its tube opening, and a thin sealant sealing against leakage any leakage openings that may be present or that may occur.

Abstract: A method of making a heat exchanger of the type used in vehicle radiators and having a core of spaced welded, as contrasted to lock-seam, tubes and interconnecting fins connected to spaced liquid tanks.

Abstract: A cooling radiator having a secondary cooling means and comprising a pair of spaced liquid coolant tanks, one of which is an inlet tank having a liquid coolant inlet adjacent one end and the other of which is a liquid outlet tank having an outlet adjacent its corresponding opposite end, interconnecting spaced coolant tubes between the tanks, a heat exchanger for cooling a second liquid such as engine oil located in the outlet tank with the heat exchanger having a spaced inlet and outlet and a confined liquid space therebetween for flow of this second liquid through this spaced and an internal fin within the heat exchanger located within an inner tube of the heat exchanger in heat exchange relationship with the liquid coolant in the outlet tank.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of bonding together a plurality of ferrous metal members, the resulting assembly and a heat exchanger comprising the thusly bonded metal members in which the members are bonded to each other by assembling them with aluminum metal between and in contact with them, coating this assembly with a liquid bonding composition as disclosed in Simpelaar U.S. Pat. No. 3,301,688 comprising a liquid solvent and a zinc halide and heating this assembly thereby causing the aluminum to displace zinc from the zinc halide with the zinc thereby uniting with the ferrous metal to form a secure joint comprising an alloy of iron from the ferrous metal members and zinc displaced from the zinc chloride.

Abstract: A heat exchanger of the fin and tube type where the tubes are spaced apart with confronting surfaces that are provided with a plurality of heat exchange fins attached to these confronting surfaces in sets of fins on each tube in which the sets of fins have portions such as the peaks of undulating fins adjacent to but spaced from each other to permit flow of a heat exchange second fluid over the fins and between the spaced portions for substantially unrestricted flow of the second fluid over the fins and through the resulting fin space, thereby providing substantially unrestricted flow of the second fluid with improved heat transfer.

Abstract: A method of making a heat exchanger of the type used in vehicle radiators and having a core of spaced welded, as contrasted to lock-seam, tubes and interconnecting fins connected to spaced liquid tanks.