Abstract: In an embodiment, an apparatus (100) is described. The apparatus comprises an infrared, IR, generating system (102). The IR generating system comprises a first IR source (104) configured to produce IR radiation for forming a first IR beam (106) in a first spectral band. The IR generating system further comprises a second IR source (108) configured to produce IR radiation for forming a second IR beam (110) in a second spectral band. The apparatus further comprises a beam manipulation system (112) configured to combine a beam path of the first and second IR beams and direct the first and second IR beams along the beam path through a gas sample region (114). The apparatus further comprises an IR detection system (116) configured to detect an intensity of the first and second IR beams after passage through the gas sample region. The IR detection system is configured to produce a signal (118) from which an indication of a concentration of a target gas in the gas sample region can be derived.

Abstract: A capnometer (10) includes an integrated device (30, 30A, 30B) comprising a substrate (40), a lead selenide (PbSe) layer (42) or other infrared light absorbing layer disposed on the substrate, and a bandpass filter layer (50) disposed on the substrate. A temperature sensor tracks temperature of the device. A CO2 measurement cell (20) has light source (28) arranged to emit light (L) that passes through a flow path (F) and then through the bandpass filter layer of to reach the PbSe or other infrared light absorbing layer. Electronics (32) connected with the PbSe or other infrared light absorbing layer measure a photoconductivity signal. The electronics includes signal processing circuitry to convert the photoconductivity signal to a carbon dioxide partial pressure or concentration value. The electronics also includes the temperature sensor to enable accurate and fast temperature control of the device and instant temperature compensation for the temperature change.

Abstract: An infrared emitter is formed having a reduced thermal mass and increased thermal conductivity to effectively deliver and dissipate heat from a heating element that emits electromagnetic radiation. The improved thermal dynamic process may enhance one or both of power consumption and/or longevity.

Abstract: An infrared detector includes a radiation source configured to emit electromagnetic radiation. The detector includes a source monitoring apparatus configured to generate output signals (62) related to electrical resistance through the radiation source. The output signals are used to account for radiation source temperature in measurements by the detector. The output signals may be used (72) in the provision of power to the radiation source to maintain the temperature of the detector at a beneficial level. The detector is configured to monitor a level of a gaseous molecular species within a flow of breathable gas.

Abstract: A gas measurement detector includes first and second sources emitting mid- and near-infrared electromagnetic radiation respectively; source optics combining mid- and near-infrared electromagnetic radiation emitted by the first and second sources into a coaxial beam directed across a flow path of a flow of breathable gas; sensor optics dividing electromagnetic radiation in the coaxial beam that has traversed the flow path into first radiation that includes mid-infrared electromagnetic radiation and second radiation that includes near-infrared electromagnetic radiation; first and second radiation sensors generating output signals conveying information related to a parameter of the mid-infrared electromagnetic radiation in the first radiation and a parameter of the near-infrared electromagnetic radiation in the second radiation, respectively; and a processor determining a level of a gaseous molecular species based on the output signals with the output signals generated by the second radiation sensor compensating

Abstract: Gas measurement detectector configured to monitor a level of a gaseous molecular species within a flow path (18) of a flow of breathable gas that communicates with an airway of a subject is performed by infrared spectroscopy. Rather than using an individual source (20) to generate electromagnetic radiation at reference and measurement wavelengths, a near-infrared electromagnetic radiation source (22) is used to generate reference electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract: An infrared emitter is formed having a reduced thermal mass and increased thermal conductivity to effectively deliver and dissipate heat from a heating element that emits electromagnetic radiation. The improved thermal dynamic process may enhance one or both of power consumption and/or longevity.

Abstract: An infrared detector includes a radiation source configured to emit electromagnetic radiation. The detector includes a source monitoring apparatus configured to generate output signals (62) related to electrical resistance through the radiation source. The output signals are used to account for radiation source temperature in measurements by the detector. The output signals may be used (72) in the provision of power to the radiation source to maintain the temperature of the detector at a beneficial level. The detector is configured to monitor a level of a gaseous molecular species within a flow of breathable gas.

Abstract: Targeted attribute transformation involves obtaining a digital image of the skin, selecting an individual skin attribute (an imperfection, such as a blemishes, pores, or wrinkles), extracting the individual skin attribute from the digital image by linear digital filtering on all the color channels, to obtain a contrast map in all three channels of the individual attribute, and adding or subtracting a fraction of the contrast map to the initial image, to obtain the skin image with transformed selected skin attribute.

Abstract: A personal care composition is provided that when the composition is applied to the skin provides improved translucency to reveal a healthy skin color. The composition is based upon a mixture of dihydroxypropyl quaternary ammonium salt and cocoa butter.

Abstract: A cosmetic composition and method is herein described for sunless tanning to impart a glow/shiny effect on skin. The composition includes a sunless tanning agent and coated beads incorporating tan colored pigment. A colorant which imparts a color other than tan to the beads is distributed within the coating. The cosmetic composition provides to the skin an immediate tan via the disintegrated beads. Sunless tanning agent acts more slowly and eventually will replace the pigment effect. The coating with colorant prevents the formula undesirably from appearing tan. Instead a color such as white renders the formula more aesthetically pleasing and more in line with the visuals paradigm of a moisturizer rather than a foundation.

Abstract: Targeted attribute transformation involves obtaining a digital image of the skin, selecting an individual skin attribute (an imperfection, such as a blemishes, pores, or wrinkles), extracting the individual skin attribute from the digital image by linear digital filtering on all the color channels, to obtain a contrast map in all three channels of the individual attribute, and adding or subtracting a fraction of the contrast map to the initial image, to obtain the skin image with transformed selected skin attribute.

Abstract: A sunless tanning composition is provided with from 0.1 to 40% of a C1-C24 alpha-hydroxyaldehyde and from 0.1 to 15% of hydrophobic droplets, the droplets including from 80 to 99.9% of a lipophilic substance and from 0.01 to 3% of a particulate colorant dispersed within the lipophilic substance, and wherein upon initial application to an area of skin the droplets appear aesthetically displeasingly grey/black which upon being rubbed into the skin dissipates the aesthetically displeasing grey/black appearance and concurrently assures sufficient rub-in of the alpha-hydroxyaldehyde to evenly and penetratingly interact with the area of skin.

Abstract: A product evaluation and selection process for consumer products is described. The process includes demonstrating the effectiveness of consumer product on consumer skin by comparing actual images of skin treated with product to images of skin that were artificially transformed. The process also includes the assignment of a symbol associated with a difference in product performance where the symbol may be used to aid consumers in selecting product.

Abstract: A cosmetic composition and method is herein described for sunless tanning to impart a glow/shiny effect on skin. The composition includes a sunless tanning agent and coated beads incorporating tan colored pigment. A colorant which imparts a color other than tan to the beads is distributed within the coating. The cosmetic composition provides to the skin an immediate tan via the disintegrated beads. Sunless tanning agent acts more slowly and eventually will replace the pigment effect. The coating with colorant prevents the formula undesirably from appearing tan. Instead a color such as white renders the formula more aesthetically pleasing and more in line with the visuals paradigm of a moisturizer rather than a foundation.

Abstract: A cosmetic composition and method of imparting a healthy appearance to skin is provided which includes using a composition formed with about 0.1 to about 20% by weight of the composition of beads, from about 1 to about 80% by weight of the beads of a first coloring agent incorporated within a matrix of the beads, and a cosmetically acceptable carrier, the composition having a hue less than 25°, the beads being coated and having an exterior color other than that of the first coloring agent.

Abstract: A cosmetic product and method of imparting a healthy appearance to skin is provided which includes using a composition formed with about 0.1 to about 20% by weight of the composition of beads, from about 1 to about 80% by weight of the beads of a coloring agent incorporated within a matrix of the beads, and a cosmetically acceptable carrier, the composition being delivered from a package with instructions being printed on or associated with the package indicating topical use on skin to impart a healthy appearance, and wherein the skin with the applied composition has a reflectance in the range from 510 to 600 nm, and reflectance amplitude ratios at wavelength 510/540 nm ranging from 1.10 to 1.20 and at wavelength 600/580 nm ranging from 1.35 to 1.65.

Abstract: A personal care composition is provided that when the composition is applied to the skin provides improved translucency to reveal a healthy skin color. The composition is based upon a mixture of dihydroxypropyl quaternary ammonium salt and cocoa butter.