Abstract: Disclosed herein is a system for controlling one or more arrays of bee passage gates in an automated bee habitat, comprising one or more gate arrays comprising a plurality of gates to one or more chambers of an automated bee habitat, each of the gates is individually moveable, independently of all other gates, to set a size of a respective one of a plurality of openings configured for bees passage to the one or more chambers, one or more mechanisms adapted to control each of the plurality of gates independently of the other gates, and a controller adapted to operate the one or more mechanisms to control one or more of the plurality of gates to set the size of the respective openings.

Abstract: An apparatus configured to result in a penetration of one or more gasses into a dermis of biological skin, wherein the apparatus includes a fluid reservoir configured to contain an amount of a liquid in contact with a portion of a person's skin, and a nanobubble generator configured to inject nanobubbles into the liquid, wherein the nanobubbles contain the one or more gasses. The contact of the liquid containing the nanobubbles with the person's skin results in a cutaneous uptake of a gas contained in the nanobubbies into the person's skin, which may be beneficial in treating an ailment, such as diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Abstract: A nanobubbler includes a porous ceramic material, a first inlet configured to inject a gas into the porous ceramic material, wherein the porous ceramic material is configured to emit nanobubbles into the chamber from the surface in response to the injection of the gas, a chamber positioned adjacent to a surface of the porous ceramic material, a second inlet configured to inject a liquid into the chamber so that the nanobubbles are dislodged from the surface of the porous ceramic material into the liquid, and an outlet configured to output from the chamber the liquid infused with the nanobubbles. The nanobubbles infused into the liquid have an average diameter of less than 500 nanometers.

Abstract: Fire extinguishing/suppression liquids (with superior fire extinguishing efficacy) use gas nanobubbles in the liquids creating an extinguishing material for fire suppression that can be utilized for any of types of fire suppression applications. The gas nanobubbles may be infused into any type of fire suppression material, which can then be stored in a receptacle for subsequent use by any apparatus, device, or system adapted for delivering such a material to a fire or a location where a fire hazard is imminent.

Abstract: Gas nanobubbles are generated in a liquid and then the liquid absorbed into a liquid absorbent material, such as gas nanobubbled water into a hydrogel. The absorbent material can then later be applied to an area of biological skin for transferring of the gas nanobubbles into the tissues underlying the biological skin.

Abstract: A disinfectant material may be used to kill bacteria, viruses, mold and fungal contaminants while minimizing toxic risks to humans. The disinfectant material may be effective in killing pathogens and more on numerous types of surfaces including on the skin of mammals. Exemplary embodiments include a copper halogen, such as copper iodide. Exemplary materials may also include a pH stabilizer, a preservative, humectants, or other constituents. Exemplary disinfectant materials may be used as a liquid or a gel, applied via a wipe, sprayed or in other forms.

Abstract: Forming a conductive film comprising depositing a non-conductive film on a surface of a substrate, wherein the film contains a plurality of copper nanoparticles and exposing at least a portion of the film to light to make the exposed portion conductive. Exposing of the film to light photosinters or fuses the copper nanoparticles.

Abstract: A nanobubbler includes a porous ceramic material, a first inlet configured to inject a gas into the porous ceramic material, wherein the porous ceramic material is configured to emit nanobubbles into the chamber from the surface in response to the injection of the gas, a chamber positioned adjacent to a surface of the porous ceramic material, a second inlet configured to inject a liquid into the chamber so that the nanobubbles are dislodged from the surface of the porous ceramic material into the liquid, and an outlet configured to output from the chamber the liquid infused with the nanobubbles. The nanobubbles infused into the liquid have an average diameter of less than 500 nanometers.

Abstract: A disinfectant material may be used to kill bacteria, viruses, mold and fungal contaminants while minimizing toxic risks to humans. The disinfectant material may be effective in killing pathogens and more on numerous types of surfaces including on the skin of mammals. Exemplary embodiments include a copper halogen, such as copper iodide. Exemplary materials may also include a pH stabilizer, a preservative, humectants, or other constituents. Exemplary disinfectant materials may be used as a liquid or a gel, applied via a wipe, sprayed or in other forms.

Abstract: An apparatus configured to result in a penetration of one or more gasses into a dermis of biological skin, wherein the apparatus includes a fluid reservoir configured to contain an amount of a liquid in contact with a portion of a person's skin, and a nanobubble generator configured to inject nanobubbles into the liquid, wherein the nanobubbles contain the one or more gasses. The contact of the liquid containing the nanobubbles with the person's skin results in a cutaneous uptake of a gas contained in the nanobubbies into the person's skin, which may be beneficial in treating an ailment, such as diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Abstract: Producing a visual work of art includes receiving software commands produced in response to plurality of singular manual inputs by a user to a digital input device, and in response to the received software commands, producing visual elements by an output device, wherein the software commands are preprogrammed to produce different visual elements as a function of one or more particular singular manual inputs by the user to the digital input device. The digital input device may be a digital musical instrument. The software commands can be preprogrammed to produce visual elements that mimic a style of a particular artist.

Abstract: A solution of metal ink is mixed and then printed or dispensed onto the substrate using the dispenser. The film then is dried to eliminate water or solvents. In some cases, a thermal curing step can be introduced subsequent to dispensing the film and prior to the photo-curing step. The substrate and deposited film can be cured using an oven or by placing the substrate on the surface of a heater, such as a hot plate. Following the drying and/or thermal curing step, a laser beam or focused light from the light source is directed onto the surface of the film in a process known as direct writing. The light serves to photo-cure the film such that it has low resistivity.

Abstract: An article of manufacture includes a liquid tight container that holds a disinfecting material. A disinfecting material includes a liquid gel material. The disinfecting material is dispensable from the container through a manual dispenser. The material is usable to apply a antimicrobial coating on surfaces, including the external surfaces of mammals such as human skin.

Abstract: An article of manufacture includes a liquid tight container that holds a disinfecting solution. The disinfecting solution is dispensed from the container via an atomizing sprayer. The solution is usable to apply a film of the solution on surfaces. The film applied by the atomizing sprayer is operative to destroy bacterial and fungal organisms on the surfaces at the time of initial application and organisms that later come in contact with the film on the surface.

Abstract: A composite material implements self-healing microcapsules in thermoplastic matrices, such as polyethylene. A microencapsulated dicyclopentadiene monomer and a solid phase Grubbs's catalyst is embedded in a polyethylene matrix to achieve self-healing properties. Nanofillers may be added to improve the properties of the polyethylene matrix incorporating a self-healing system.

Abstract: A layer of material having a low thermal conductivity is coated over a substrate. A film of conductive ink is then coated over the layer of material having the low thermal conductivity, and then sintered. The film of conductive ink does not absorb as much energy from the sintering as the film of conductive ink coated over the layer of material having the low thermal conductivity. The layer of material having the low thermal conductivity may be a polymer, such as polyimide.

Abstract: Different kinds of printing pastes or inks are utilized in various combinations to develop multiple ceramic dielectric layers on graphitic substrates in order to create effective dielectric ceramic layers that combine good adhesion to both graphitic substrates and printed copper traces, and strong insulating capability. The pastes or inks may comprise a high thermal conductivity powder.

Abstract: Conductive patterns are formed using formulations containing metallic particles, which may be copper. These metallic particles may be coated with a binder material that improves adhesion during photosintering of the formulations. The binder contains chemistry suitable for it to be removed from the particles in a separate process such as drying or thermal sintering. The coating is a non-volatile organic compound attached to the metallic particles with a minimum thickness oxide coating. The organic coating improves a coefficient of thermal expansion value match between the metallic particles and the substrate, which may be polymeric.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclosed herein use innovative pastes to fill surface pores (cavities) and flatten (planarize) surfaces of porous materials. A method for making a heat transfer apparatus comprises making a paste comprising particles of a first heat transfer material, a vehicle, and a binder, filling cavities on an external surface of a second heat transfer material with the paste, and drying the paste filled in the cavities so that an external, surface of the dried paste in a cavity is substantially planar with the external surface of the second heat transfer material.

Abstract: An aerial unit, a method and a system are provide, the system includes a ground unit; an aerial unit and a connecting element arranged to connect the ground unit to the aerial unit. The ground unit may include a connecting element manipulator, a ground unit controller for controlling the connecting element manipulator; and a ground unit location sensor arranged to generate ground unit location information indicative of a location of the ground unit. The wherein the aerial unit may include a first propeller, a frame, a first propeller motor, at least one steering element; and an aerial unit location sensor arranged to generate aerial unit location information indicative of a location of the aerial unit.