Tool for cutting solid materials

Abstract

A tool for cutting solid materials including a carrier material (2), and at least one abrasive body (1) embedded in the carrier material, with the carrier material includes a binder selected from a group Mn+1AXn, where

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0001] 1. Field of the Invention

[0002] The present invention relates to a tool for cutting solid materials and having at least one abrasive body embedded in a carrier material.

[0003] 2. Description of the Prior Art

[0004] A cutting tool of the type described above is used, e.g., for cutting solid materials on constructional elements. The cutting tool has at least one but, preferably, a plurality of abrasive bodies embedded, at least partially, into a carrier material. For cutting a solid material on a constructional element one or several abrasive bodies, e.g., is (are) drivingly displaced relative to the constructional element. When the abrasive body(ies) come into contact with the constructional element, the contact region of the solid material is cut-off.

[0005] German Publication DE 2 850 015A1 discloses a cutting tool with a plurality of abrasive bodies embedded in a carrier material. The carrier material consists essentially of tungsten, tungsten-cobalt alloy, and a portion of tungsten carbide.

[0006] German Publication DE 3 224 141 A1 discloses a cutting tool with a bolt-shaped carrier body. At its end facing in the operational direction of the tool, in particular when the tool is formed as a borer, the carrier body is provided with one or several abrasive body(ies) formed of a hard material and embedded in a carrier material, in particular, tin.

[0007] U.S. Pat. No. 4,930,487 discloses a disc-shaped cutting tool with a plurality of abrasive bodies embedded in a metallic material. The abrasive bodies are formed of diamond particles and are arranged over the entire circumference of the cutting tool.

[0008] German Utility Model DE 8 331 514 U1 discloses a disc-shaped cutting tool, in particular, a grinding disc with a plurality of abrasive bodies, in particular, diamond platelets.

[0009] German Publication DE 3 319 167 A1 discloses a cutting tool, in particular, a rope saw with the carrier material formed of metal and the abrasive bodies formed of diamond chips.

[0010] The drawback of all of the known cutting tool consists in that the known carrier material can be used in a very limited range. Dependent on the degree of hardness of the cut solid material, the carrier material can be either too hard or too weak, which leads to an unfavorable cutting power of the embedded in the carrier material, abrasive bodies. This is particularly observed in many application, when the temperature during the boring process substantially increases. With the increase of the temperature the carrier material weakens which can lead to a loss of the abrasive bodies during the cutting process or, alternatively, to a greater penetration of the abrasive bodies into the carrier material.

[0011] A further drawback of known tools consists in that with the use of a metallic carrier material, in particular, materials containing iron or copper, a very high friction takes place between the carrier material and the cut material. This is particular the case, when the cut solid material also includes metallic components, in particular, reinforcing metal.

[0012] A still further drawback of the known tools consists in that the binding of the abrasive bodies with the carrier material is not always sufficient, resulting in insufficient cut power of the cutting tool.

[0013] Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a cutting tool that can be economically produced and that would have a high cutting power independent from the surrounding conditions, in-particular, the temperature.

[0014] Another object of the present invention is to provide a cutting tool in which a reliable binding of the abrasive body(ies) with the carrier material is insured.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0015] These and other objects of the present invention, which will become apparent hereinafter, are achieved by providing a cutting tool of the above-disclosed type in which the carrier material includes a binder selected from a group Mn+1AXn, where

[0016] M is an element selected from a group consisting of Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf and Ta,

[0017] A is an element select from a group consisting of Al, Si, P, S, Ga, Ge, As, Cd, In, Sn, Tl and Pb, and

[0018] X is an element selected from a group consisting of C and N.

[0019] Because the binder includes a ceramic component, the carrier material is suitable for use in a wide rage of high temperatures. Further, the carrier material is characterized by a low friction with the metallic solid material. Therefore, the inventive cutting tools can be used for treating hard materials having, metallic inclusions such as, e.g., a reinforced concrete, without a danger of the tool being jammed. The carrier material can be formed partially or entirely of the binder group. When the carrier material includes the binder only partially, the remaining portion of the carrier material can consist of metal or a metal alloy, in particular, of cobolt, bronze, or iron. The carrier material and one or several abrasive bodies can form, e.g., a meta-abrasive body. The carrier material or the meta-abrasive body can be arranged on the carrier body.

[0020] Advantageously, the binder group is formed as Ti3SiC2 that insures an optimal cutting power.

[0021] The carrier material advantageously is arranged on a rotationally symmetrical carrier body which insures an unbalance-free rotational movement of the tool. The use of a rotationally symmetrical carrier body is particular advantageous when the inventive cutting tool is used with a hand-held power tool. The use of the rotationally symmetrical carrier body insures a rotational movement of one or several abrasive bodies, which are embedded in a carrier material arranged on the carrier body, about the rotational axis of the carrier body. Preferably, the rotational axis of the carrier body extends parallel to the operational direction of the tool.

[0022] When the tool is formed as an annual bit or the like, the carrier body is formed as a sleeve-shaped body.

[0023] When the tool is to be used as a borer, the carrier body is formed as a bolt-shaped body.

[0024] To enable treatment of large planar surfaces of the solid material, the carrier body is formed, preferably, as a disc-shaped body.

[0025] Advantageously, the abrasive bodies are formed of diamond particles, which insures an increased hardness of the abrasive bodies. The abrasive bodies can also be advantageously formed of hard metal particles, boron in nitride particles, or polycrystalline diamond(PC2). The formation of the abrasive bodies of such particles insure an economical manufacturing of the inventive cutting tool.

[0026] Advantageously, the carrier material consists of from 50% by volume to 100% by volume of the binder group Mn+1AXn. Such carrier material insures a high cutting power independent from the temperature, in particular, in the absence of a cooling medium.

[0027] When the cooling medium is used, the carrier material can advantageously contain the binder group Mn+1AXn in the amount from 5% by volume to 50% by volume. This content of the carrier material delays wear of the tool, whereby a polishing action of the tool is prevented. Polishing action takes place when the abrasive bodies do not project sufficiently far beyond the carrier material, which substantially reduces the cutting output or power.

[0028] The novel features of the present invention, which are considered as characteristic for the invention, are set forth in the appended claims. The invention itself, however, both as to is construction and its mode of operation, together with additional advantages and objects thereof, will be best understood from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments, when read with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The drawings show:

[0031] FIG. 1 a perspective view of a cutting tool according to the present invention with a sleeve-shaped carrier body;

[0032] FIG. 2 a perspective view of a cutting tool according to the present invention with a bolt-shaped carrier body;

[0033] FIG. 3 a perspective view of a cutting tool according to the present invention with a disc-shaped carrier body; and

[0034] FIG. 4 a perspective view of a detail of a cutting surface of a breakdown tool according to the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

[0035] A cutting tool according to the present invention, which is shown in the drawings, has a cutting surface 4 having a plurality of abrasive bodies 1 embedded in a carrier material 2. The abrasive bodies are formed, e.g., of diamond particles embedded at least partially in the carrier material 2 formed, in particular, of Ti3SiC2. The carrier material 2 connects the carrier body 3 with the abrasive bodies 1.

[0036] The geometry of the outer surface of the carrier body 3 is selected dependent from the field of the application of a cutting tool. In order to insure that the inventive cutting tool can be used with a hand-held power tool, preferably, the carrier body 3 is formed as a rotationally symmetrical body.

[0037] A cutting tool according to the present invention, which is shown in FIG. 1, has a sleeve-shaped carrier body 3 and is formed, in particular as an annular bit. At one of its longitudinal ends, the carrier body 3 has a cutting surface 4. At its opposite end, the carrier body 3 is provided with a connection element 5 extending along the rotational axis of the carrier body 3. With the connection element 5, the cutting tool can be releasably secured in a chuck of a hand-held power tool (not shown). In the region of the cutting surface 4, the carrier body 3 has, on its inner side 6, outer side 7, and end side 8, abrasive bodies 1 embedded into the carrier material 2.

[0038] A cutting tool according to the present invention, which is shown in FIG. 2, has a bolt-shaped carrier body 3, in particular, it is formed as a borer. The carrier body 3 of the cutting tool shown in FIG. 2, as that of the cutting tool shown in FIG. 1, is provided, at its opposite ends, with a cutting surface 4 and a connection element 9. With the connection element 9, the cutting tool can be realeasably secured in a chuck of a hand-held power tool (not shown). I the region of the cutting surface 4, the carrier body 3 has, on its outer surface 11 and its end surface 12, abrasive bodies 1 embedded in the carrier material 2.

[0039] A cutting tool according to the present invention, which is shown in FIG. 3, has a disc-shaped carrier body 3 formed, in particular, as separation disc. The disc-shaped carrier body 3 has a central bore which serves as a connection region 9. The cutting surface 4, preferably, extends along the entire periphery of the carrier body 3.

[0040] FIG. 4 shows, at an increased scale, a detail of the cutting surface 4 of the cutting tools shown in FIGS. 1-3.

[0041] Though the present invention was shown and described with references to the preferred embodiments, such are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as a limitation thereof, and various modifications to the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. It is, therefore, not intended that the present invention be limited to the disclosed embodiment or details thereof, and the present invention includes all of various and/or alternative embodiments within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A tool for cutting solid materials, comprising a carrier material (2); and at least one abrasive body (1) embedded in the carrier material,

wherein the carrier material includes a binder selected from a group Mn+1AXn, where

M is an element selected from a group consisting of SC, Ti V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf and Ta;

A is an element selected from a group consisting of Al, Si, P, S, Ga, Ge, As, Cd, In, Sn, Tl and Pb; and

X is an element selected from a group consisting of C and N.

2. A cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein the carrier material is Ti3 SiC2.

3. A cutting tool according to claim 1, further comprising a rotationally symmetrical carrier body (3), wherein the carrier material (2) is at least partially applied to the carrier body.

4. A cutting tool according to claim 3, wherein the carrier body is formed as a sleeve-shaped body.

5. A cutting tool according to claim 3, wherein the carrier body is formed as a bolt-shaped body.

6. A cutting tool according to claim 3, wherein the carrier body is formed as a disc-shaped body.

7. A cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein the at least one abrasive body is formed of a diamond.

8. A cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein the carrier material (2) contains the binder of the group Mn+1AXn from 50% by volume to 100% by volume.