Composite tendon
A composite tendon comprises a main body of rope type construction. The ends of the tendon body terminate in eye splices for connection to termination connectors. Component strands of the composite tendon may form separate eye splices for connection to the termination connectors. Multiple composite tendons of rope type construction may be joined to a single termination connector. The termination connectors secure one end of the tendon to the seabed and the opposite end thereof to a floating platform.
The present invention relates to mooring systems for floating platforms, and more particularly to a composite tendon for anchoring a floating platform to the seabed.
Offshore floating platforms, such as Tension Leg Platforms (TLPs), are held in place in the ocean by means of vertical mooring elements called tendons, which are typically fabricated from high strength, high quality steel tubulars, and include articulated connections on the top and bottom (tendon connectors) that reduce bending moments and stresses in the tendon system. Many factors must be taken into account during the design of the tendon system to keep the floating platform safely in place including: (a) limitation of stresses developed in the tendons during extreme storms and while the platform system is operating in damaged conditions; (b) avoidance of any slackening of tendons and subsequent snap loading of tendons as wave troughs and crests pass the platform hull; (c) allowance for fatigue damage which occurs as a result of the stress cycles in the tendons system throughout its service life; and (d) vibrations in the platform system arising from vortex-induced vibrations.
As water depth increases beyond about 4,000 ft, the platform system cost begins to be dominated by the cost of the tendon system due to the length and wall thickness of tendons and by fatigue considerations. To limit the amount of fatigue damage caused by each wave cycle, it is necessary to limit the vertical natural resonance periods of the platform system (heave, pitch and roll) to the 3-4 second range for a steel tendon by increasing the cross-sectional area of the tendon, i.e. by stiffening the “spring” since the “mass” of the platform is set mainly by operational considerations. The increasing requirement for more steel cross-sectional area causes the tendon system to become heavier, thus reducing the payload carrying capacity of the platform system, i.e. more and more platform buoyancy is ‘consumed’ merely supporting its own mooring system. This combination of increasing tendon length and tendon wall thickness causes the tendon system to dominate total installed cost of the entire platform system in ultra-deepwater.
Various methods have been suggested to reduce the weight of tendon systems, including the utilization of composite tendons of various materials. It is known, for example, that carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber and other like fibers provide high tensile strength with less weight than metallic materials.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a composite tendon of rope type construction.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a composite tendon having eye splice termination ends.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a composite tendon that may be rolled on drums for transportation to the installation site.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONIn accordance with the present invention a composite tendon comprises a main body of rope type construction. The ends of the tendon body terminate in eye splices for connection to termination connectors. Component strands of the composite tendon may be formed into component eye splices for connection to the termination connectors. Multiple composite tendons of rope type construction may be joined to a single termination connector. The termination connectors secure one end of the tendon to the seabed and the opposite end thereof to a floating platform.
So that the manner in which the above recited features, advantages and objects of the present invention are attained can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the invention briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to the embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings.
It is noted, however, that the appended drawings illustrate only typical embodiments of this invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope, for the invention may admit to other equally effective embodiments.
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While a preferred embodiment of the invention has been shown and described, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims which follow.
Claims
1. A composite tendon, comprising:
- a) a tendon body of rope type construction having two ends;
- b) each end of said tendon body terminating in an eye splice; and
- c) termination connectors adapted for connection to said ends of said tendon body.
2. The composite tendon of claim 1 wherein said tendon body comprises two or more tendon components.
3. The composite tendon of claim 2 wherein said tendon components are separated at said ends of said tendon body, said tendon components forming separate eye splices.
4. The composite tendon of claim 1 wherein said termination connectors include an integrated clevis at one end thereof adapted for connection with said eye splice of said tendon body.
5. The composite tendon of claim 4 including a load pin coupling said termination connectors with said eye splice of said tendon body.
6. The composite tendon of claim 3 wherein said termination connectors include an integrated clevis at one end thereof, and further including two or more load pins coupling said termination connectors with said eye splices of said tendon components.
7. The composite tendon of claim 1 including two or more tendon bodies secured to said termination connectors.
8. The composite tendon of claim 7 wherein said termination connectors include integrated clevis plates for connecting at least four tendon bodies to said termination connectors.
9. The composite tendon of claim 1 including a load pin connecting said termination connectors with said eye splice of said tendon body and wherein said load pin includes load cells operatively connected for monitoring tensile load variations in said composite tendon.
10. The composite tendon of claim 1 wherein said tendon body forms a continuous loop spliced at a single point.
Type: Application
Filed: Mar 31, 2006
Publication Date: Oct 4, 2007
Inventor: Andrew T. Couch (Richmond, TX)
Application Number: 11/396,265
International Classification: B63B 35/44 (20060101);