Framing System and Method for Assembling the Same
A framing system has a plank member with ribs protruding therefrom and a frame member with a receptor pocket therein such that the rib of the plank member is resiliently engaged within the receptor pocket of the frame member to secure the plank member to the frame member. The plank member may also be laterally moved relative to the frame member such that the ribs slide within and engage the receptor pockets. The invention is also directed to a method for engaging the plank member with the frame member along with a method for fabricating the frame member.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/539,361, filed Jan. 27, 2004.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to frame construction, such as decks and docks, and, more particularly, to a fastener-free framing system by which plank members are secured to frame members through ribs which are engaged within receptor pockets.
2. Description of Related Art
Exterior decks are considered to be the most popular addition to homes throughout the United States today. Decks are places where people can extend their living space beyond the walls of their home. Decks are built out of a variety of materials and are fabricated in a variety of designs.
Typically, decks and similar structures are constructed with horizontal planking materials and are fastened to an underlying structural frame. The most popular planking and structural framing material is pressure treated wood. Pressure treated wood contains harmful toxins; one of them is called Copper-Chromium Arsenic (CCA). It is designed to extend the life of the product in exterior elements and protect it from weather and insect infestation, such as termites. However, pressure treated wood planking tends to warp, rot, splinter and require periodic maintenance. These problems are inherent only in wood and are accelerated in exterior climates.
The structural frame for the majority of the decks built in the United States is constructed out of pressure treated wood due to the familiarity and availability of the product. However, other alternative planking materials are plastic/wood composite, synthetic, extruded plastics, extruded metals, cold-rolled metals, and extruded aluminum, etc.
Attaching the planking to the structural frame with fasteners, through the surface into the underlying structure, is the most commonly accepted method in the industry. There are other methods that conceal the fastening system from the underside using special clips, brackets and the like. However, this typically requires the same amount or additional fasteners to adequately connect planking to the supporting substructure.
Attaching the planking to the structural frame through the top planking surface yields unsightly blemishes to the decking surface. Typically, planking members require two fasteners to be installed through its surface into the underlying substructure (joists) to be adequately installed. More specifically, where a planking member crosses over the underlying substructure, two fasteners must be installed.
Attaching the planking to the structural frame through the bottom planking surface using specialty clips is a slow and tedious process requiring more skilled labor and fasteners to adequately install. There are often space requirements below the structure and above the ground to adequately install subsurface fastening systems.
If nailed, these fasteners can work themselves out of the substructure, just above the surface, and cause injury. Special screws can reduce the chances of nail popping but are typically more expensive since they must be non-corrosive to avoid weathering and often require specialty tools to fasten them. Fastening the planks to the substructure using screws is the most advantageous method, however, it requires some skill to properly place so that the fastening holes align somewhat consistently with the others.
As mentioned, wood structures have many disadvantages. They rot, warp, split, splinter, burn, require annual maintenance, burn, get eaten by termites, are only produced in limited pre-cut lengths, and are not recyclable just to name a few. In order to extend the life of wood structures, special preservatives, like Copper-Chromium Arsenic (CCA) are applied to them. However these chemicals have been found to be toxic and the growing environmental impact concerns have led the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to begin nationwide bans on these chemicals starting Jan. 1, 2004. There will be serious impacts on the industry like lack of product supply, increased costs and product capabilities.
It is obvious that an alternative framing system that eliminates fastening of the planking must be developed. If it is possible to produce an alternative underlying framing structure that does not require chemicals treatment to make them effective, then that must be developed as well. Currently, there are no solutions that integrate popular planking systems like composite and extruded decking materials with the underlying substructure without the use of special fasteners like screws, nails or clips, etc.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a plank member that has a special shape integrated on the underside of the plank, which is used to attach itself to the underlying structure without fasteners.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONOne embodiment of the subject invention is directed to a framing system comprising a plank member having a front, generally fiat, surface and an opposing back surface with at least one rib protruding therefrom or at least one receptor pocket extending therein. The framing system has a frame member of an underlying structure having at least one receptor pocket extending therein or at least one rib protruding therefrom, wherein the frame member rib or pocket is matable with the plank member pocket or rib. The at least one rib has a profile with a first side and a second side which diverge from one another as they extend away from the member to which they are attached and then converge. The maximum height of a rib occurs at the place of maximum divergence and the receptor pocket has a minimum width less than that of the maximum height of the rib such that the rib may be captured within the receptor pocket.
Another embodiment of the subject invention is directed to a plank member comprising a front, generally flat, surface and an opposing back surface with at least one rib protruding therefrom. The at least one rib has a profile with a first side and a second side which diverge from one another as they extend away from the member to which they are attached and then converge. The maximum height of a rib occurs at the place of maximum divergence such that the rib is adapted to be received within a receptor pocket having a minimum width less than that of the maximum height of the rib.
Yet another embodiment of the subject invention is directed to a frame member of an underlying structure, wherein the frame member comprises at least one receptor pocket extending therein, wherein the pocket is adapted to receive a rib. The receptor pocket has a minimum width less than that of the maximum height of the rib such that the rib may be captured within the receptor pocket.
Yet another embodiment of the subject invention is directed to a method of assembling a framing system having a plank member with a front, generally flat, surface and an opposing back surface with at least one rib protruding therefrom or at least one receptor pocket extending therein and having a frame member of an underlying structure with the other of at least one receptor pocket extending therein or at least one rib protruding therefrom, wherein the frame member rib or pocket is matable with the plank member pocket or rib. The method comprises the steps of:
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- a) aligning the at least one rib with the at least one receptor pocket;
- b) urging the at least one rib within the at least one receptor pocket until the rib snaps into the pocket; and
- c) wherein the at least one rib or the at least one receptor pocket is resilient.
Still another embodiment of the subject invention is directed to a method of making a frame member adapted to receive protruding ribs from a plank member comprising the steps of:
-
- a) punching slots within a flat sheet; and
- b) bending the sheet into a structural member having a top surface and a bottom surface, wherein the slots extend within the top surface to provide a receptor pocket adapted to receive the protruding ribs from the plank member.
As illustrated in
In one embodiment of the subject invention, the rib 20 is resilient such that the rib 20 deforms in order to enter the receptor pocket 30. Directing attention to
In particular, with attention directed to
As illustrated in
It should be noted that the compressive forces 42 required to reduce the width of the rib 20 are those compressive forces generated by urging the plank member 15 against the receptor pocket 30 of the frame member 25.
In yet another embodiment of the subject invention illustrated in
Typical materials that may be used for the rib 20 may be structural metal of any kind, wood, wood composites, cementitious composites, plastic composites, structural steel composites, fiberglass, and carbon composites. It should be appreciated that this list is not exhaustive and that any material suitable for the application described herein may be suitable.
In each of these scenarios described in
What has been discussed so far is a receptor pocket 30 within the frame member 25 and the rib 20 within the plank member 15. Directing attention to
Directing attention to
In one embodiment illustrated in
It should be appreciated that one focal point of the subject invention is the interlocking ribs and receptor pockets. The plank member may embrace a variety of different designs to satisfy the different needs to which the framing system may be subjected.
The material of the plank member discussed herein may be wood, composite wood, metal, plastic or a carbon fiber composite. As an example, if the rib 220 of plank 220 is solid therethrough, then it is necessary for the material of the rib 220 to itself be resilient such that the rib 220 resiliently fits within the receptor pocket 230 of the frame member 225. In the alternative, if the rib 220 has a hollow portion therein, then it is only necessary for the walls of the rib 220 to flex to fit within the receptor pocket 230. Furthermore, as previously discussed, it is also possible for the receptor pocket walls to have resiliency themselves to accept a rib 220.
The ribs 20 so far discussed have been in the general shape of a teardrop. A number of other rib shapes may be used inasmuch as these ribs may be snapped into the receptor pocket 30 of the frame member 25.
Briefly returning to
Directing attention to
The subject invention is also directed to a method of assembling a framing system 10 having a plank member 15 with the front generally flat surface 17 and an opposing back surface 19 with at least one rib 20 protruding therefrom or at least one receptor pocket 30 extending therein and having a frame member 25 of an underlying structure with the other of at least one receptor pocket 30 extending therein or at least one protruding rib 20 extending therefrom. The frame member rib 20 or pocket 30 is matable with the plank member pocket 30 or rib 20. The method comprises the steps of aligning the ribs 20 with the receptor pockets 30. The ribs 20 are then urged within the receptor pockets 30 until the ribs 20 snap into the pockets 30. For this to occur, the rib 20 or the receptor pocket 30 must be resilient.
In an alternative embodiment, the method of assembling a framing system 10 would comprise the steps of aligning the rib 20 with the receptor pocket 30 and sliding the rib 20 within the receptor pocket 30 until properly positioned. Under these circumstances, it is not necessary for either the rib 20 or the receptor pocket 30 to be resilient.
So far illustrated is a frame member 25 having a generally C shape. Although other shapes may be utilized, this is a convenient shape that will typically be implemented for these structures.
While
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described in detail, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and alternatives to those details could be developed in light of the overall teachings of the disclosure. The presently preferred embodiments described herein are meant to be illustrative only and not limiting as to the scope of the invention which is to be given the full breadth of the appended claims and any and all equivalents thereof.
Claims
1. A framing system comprising:
- a) a plank member having a front, generally flat, surface and an opposing back surface with at least one rib protruding therefrom or at least one receptor pocket extending therein;
- b) a frame member of an underlying structure having at least one receptor pocket extending therein or at least one rib protruding therefrom, wherein the frame member rib or pocket is matable with the plank member pocket or rib;
- c) wherein the at least one rib has a profile with a first side and a second side which diverge from one another as they extend away from the member to which they are attached and then converge;
- d) wherein the maximum height of a rib occurs at the place of maximum divergence; and
- e) wherein the receptor pocket has a minimum width less than that of the maximum height of the rib such that the rib may be captured within the receptor pocket.
2. The framing system according to claim 1, wherein plank member and the frame member are secured to one another through the engagement of the at least one rib with the at least one receptor pocket.
3. The framing system according to claim 3 wherein the at least one rib is resilient.
4. The framing system according to claim 4, wherein the at least one rib has a hollow interior and the rib bends for resiliency.
5. The framing system according to claim 4, wherein the material of the at least one rib is capable of resilient bending.
6. The framing system according to claim 3, wherein the at least one rib is made of a resilient material that compresses for resiliency.
7. The framing system according to claim 6, wherein the rib is solid and the material is compressible.
8. The framing system according to claim 2, wherein at least one receptor pocket has walls which are resilient.
9. The framing system according to claim 8, wherein the walls of the at least one receptor pocket are pushed apart to accommodate the rib.
10. The framing system according to claim 2, wherein one or both of the at least one rib and the at least one pocket receptor are barbed.
11. The framing system according to claim 2, wherein the at least one rib and the walls of the at least one receptor pocket are rigid.
12. The framing system according to claim 1, wherein the at least one receptor pocket is within the frame member and wherein the at least one rib is within the plank member.
13. The framing system according to claim 12, wherein the at least one rib is a separate piece secured to the back surface of the plank member.
14. The framing system according to claim 1, wherein the at least one receptor pocket is in the plank member and the at least one rib is in the frame member.
15. The framing system according to claim 1, wherein each plank member interlocks with an adjacent plank member.
16. The framing system according to claim 1, wherein each of the plank members are overlapping with adjacent plank members.
17. A plank member comprising:
- a) a front, generally flat, surface and an opposing back surface with the at least one rib protruding therefrom;
- b) wherein the at least one rib has a profile with a first side and a second side which diverge from one another as they extend away from the member to which they are attached and then converge;
- d) wherein the maximum height of a rib occurs at the place of maximum divergence such that the rib is adapted to be received within a receptor pocket having a minimum width less than that of the maximum height of the rib.
18. The plank member according to claim 17, wherein the at least one rib is resilient.
19. A frame member of an underlying structure, wherein the frame member comprises:
- a) at least one receptor pocket extending therein, wherein the pocket is adapted to receive a rib;
- b) wherein the receptor pocket has a minimum width less than that of the maximum height of the rib such that the rib may be captured within the receptor pocket.
20. The frame member according to claim 19, wherein the frame member is a C-shape structural member.
21. A method of assembling a framing system having a plank member with a front, generally flat, surface and an opposing back surface with at least one rib protruding therefrom or at least one receptor pocket extending therein and having a frame member of an underlying structure with the other of at least one receptor pocket extending therein or at least one rib protruding therefrom, wherein the frame member rib or pocket is matable with the plank member pocket or rib comprising the steps of:
- a) aligning the at least one rib with the at least one receptor pocket;
- b) urging the at least one rib within the at least one receptor pocket until the rib snaps into the pocket; and
- c) wherein the at least one rib or the at least one receptor pocket is resilient.
22. A method of making a frame member adapted to receive protruding ribs from a plank member comprising the steps of:
- a) punching slots within a flat sheet; and
- b) bending the sheet into a structural member having a top surface and a bottom surface, wherein the slots extend within the top surface to provide a receptor pocket adapted to receive the protruding ribs from the plank member.
Type: Application
Filed: Jan 27, 2005
Publication Date: Nov 29, 2007
Inventor: Donald Stevens (Winchester, VA)
Application Number: 10/587,886
International Classification: E04B 5/02 (20060101);