Oil gasification burner for ash-free liquid fuel

Abstract

An oil gasification burner for liquid fuel is proposed which comprises, on a centrally arranged pilot burner part, a number of supply elements arranged outside the annular channel concentrically to the burner axis with pressure atomizer nozzles for introduction of liquid fuel. The pressure atomizer nozzles are embodied such that a fine atomization of the liquid fuel occurs before it comes into contact with the rotated oxidation means. Different liquid fuels can be supplied via the individual supply elements. This enables the nozzle parameters to be adapted to the particular conditions (pressure difference, fineness of droplets, spray angle etc.) of the liquid fuel through a choice of replaceable nozzle.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefits of German application No. 10 2007 021 927.1 filed May 10, 2007 and is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

FIELD OF INVENTION

The subject matter of the application relates to an oil gasification burner for liquid fuel, a method for operating an oil gasification burner for liquid fuel and a method for commissioning an oil gasification burner for liquid fuel.

The invention relates to an oil gasification burner with pressure atomizer nozzles for steam-oxygen gasification of ash-free liquid fuel under high pressures of for example 80 bar (8 MPa) and high temperatures of for example 1200 to 1900 degrees Celsius in ceramic-lined reactors.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Burners are known with a pressure atomizer nozzle for partial oxidation of liquid fuels with a cylindrical water-cooled housing and an internal liquid supply around which a coaxially disposed annular space for the supply of the oxidation means is arranged.

A separate pilot burner, which initially brings the walling up to temperature and at which the oil burner is later ignited is used for the commissioning of these burners.

The disadvantages of the known burner are as follows:

A central liquid feed sets the use of the burner to a single fuel.

For commissioning the burner it is necessary to use a further burner as a pilot burner, which is replaced later.

The oil burner is basically not commissioned under pressure in such cases and in an oxidizing atmosphere and initially has to be slowly transferred by complicated media adaptation processes to the reducing reactor atmosphere, before the actual gasification process can begin.

If the temperature of the walling drops below the predetermined wall ignition temperature after the heating-up process because the installation of the oil burner is delayed, the entire pilot lighting process must be repeated.

Pat. DD 151020 as well as DD 214911 show such typical solutions.

SUMMARY OF INVENTION

The object of the invention is the creation of an oil burner with pressure atomizer nozzles which operates reliably under the conditions of steam-oxygen gasification of liquid ash-free fuels under pressure. Through constructional measures a burner is to be embodied with pressure atomizer nozzles which compensates for the said disadvantages in the pressurized gasification of liquid ash-free fuel and guarantees safe operation with even flame generation.

The object is achieved for generic subject matter by the features of the claims.

Advantageous developments of the subject matter of the application are specified in the subclaims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The subject matter of the application is explained in greater detail below, to an extent necessary for understanding, on the basis of figures. The figures show:

FIG. 1 a cross-section through an inventive oil gasification burner and

FIG. 2 a longitudinal cross section through an inventive oil gasification burner.

In the figures the same labels refer to the same elements.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION

The inventive burner with pressure atomizer nozzles has a pilot burner 1 arranged in its center which is equipped with a combustion gas and oxidation means supply, a flame monitoring device and also electrical high-voltage ignition.

Arranged around this module is an annular space 2 for supplying the oxidation means for the actual oil burner. Swirler vanes 3 are provided for swirling the stream of oxygen at the annular outlet opening of the oxidation means.

Both modules (pilot burner part and oxidation means supply) are integrated into a further module, the burner mounting 6. The entire burner mounting is designed with a water cooling system in the form of a wound tubular pipe to remove the heat acting on this module. In addition the modules arranged in the center of the burner mounting, the pilot burner part and the further oxidation means supply are equipped with separate water cooling systems.

Inventively the supply of the liquid fuel is provided so that a number (n=2, 3, . . . ) of straight fuel supply elements 4 are located between the housing wall of the burner mounting and the central oxidation means supply. The supply elements are arranged concentrically around the central axis of the burner with the same angular offset. With the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 with three atomizing supply elements they are arranged concentrically around the central axis of the burner at an angle of 120 degrees from one another. The supply elements per se are designed straight, essentially parallel to the central axis of the burner and end at the burner mouth next to the oxidation means exit in the form of an oil pressure atomizer nozzle 5.

The special design of the pressure atomizer nozzle produces a fine atomization of the liquid fuel before it comes into contact with the oxidation means. The special pressure atomizer nozzle is connected to the supply pipe using a screw connection, allowing the nozzle to be replaced if required. This enables the nozzle parameters to be adapted to the particular conditions (pressure difference, fineness of droplets, spray angle etc.) of the liquid fuel through a choice of nozzle.

By introducing the liquid fuel in individual pipes with a corresponding nozzle different liquid fuels can be simultaneously supplied via the individual supplies and converted into a flame reaction.

Designing the oxidation means supply with swirler vanes imparts a strong rotational motion to the oxygen exiting from the supply into which the finely-atomized steams of liquid exiting via the supply elements are sucked.

At the exit of the media the individual streams merge into a single rotating liquid-oxygen stream. This achieves an even flame generation and stabilization.

At the same time the flame generation can be influenced in its width and length by different settings of the swirler vanes.

The commissioning of the oil burner with pressure atomizer nozzles is undertaken by means of the integrated pilot burner under reducing conditions and at operating pressure of the reactor system. The pilot burner is ignited at slight reactor pressure (2-5 bar) and likewise under reducing reaction chamber conditions.

The invention comprises an oil burner with injection atomization for the gasification of liquid ash-free fuel under high pressures of for example 80 bar (8 MPa) and high temperatures of for example 1200 to 1900 degrees Celsius in ceramic-lined reactors for oxygen gasification, featuring a cooled housing (6) for accommodating a centrally arranged pilot burner (1) for commissioning the burner unit with a gas and oxidation means supply as well as integrated flame monitoring and high-voltage ignition, an annular channel (2) arranged around this pilot burner (1) for supplying the oxidation means and straight supply elements for Introduction of liquid fuel (4), characterized in that a number of supply elements (4) are present and these supply elements (4) are straight per se and end at the exit directly next to the annular channel for oxidation means supply (2) with a nozzle (5), at the exit of which swirler devices (3) are present which impart a strong rotational movement to the oxidation means stream (2) and thereby through the corresponding embodiment allow influencing of the flame geometry.

In a further embodiment a number of supply elements are arranged via which different liquid fuels can be introduced which end in a common flame and which are commissioned by means of a pilot burner (1) integrated into the center under reducing conditions and under reactor operating pressure.

In a further embodiment the invention comprises a method in which the pilot burner (1) integrated into the center is ignited in a reducing reactor atmosphere and with slightly raised system pressure and then, as the output of the pilot burner is increased the reaction space pressure is raised to the operating pressure necessary for igniting the oil burner.

Claims

1.-8. (canceled)

9. An oil gasification burner for a liquid fuel, comprising:

a pilot burner centrally arranged along an axis of the burner;

a concentric annular channel that supplies an oxidant; and

a plurality of supply elements arranged outside the annular channel concentric to the burner axis that introduce liquid fuel, wherein the individual supply elements are arranged straight in the burner, are aligned essentially in parallel to the burner axis, have a pressure atomizer nozzle arranged on the individual supply elements on a side facing towards the mouth of the burner, and the individual supply elements end at the mouth of the burner next to an outlet of the concentric annular channel oxidant supply.

10. The oil gasification burner as claimed in claim 9, wherein a pressure atomizer nozzle is attached via a screw connection to the supply element.

11. The oil gasification burner as claimed in claim 10, wherein the pressure atomizer nozzle atomizes the liquid fuel before it comes into contact with the oxidant.

12. The oil gasification burner as claimed in claim 11, wherein the annular channel narrows from the burner entry to the burner mouth.

13. The oil gasification burner as claimed in claim 12, wherein the annular channel has swirler devices that impart a rotational movement to the flow of oxidant.

14. The oil gasification burner as claimed in claim 13, wherein different liquid fuels are supplied via the individual supply elements.

15. A method for operating an oil gasification burner for liquid fuel, comprising:

providing a centrally arranged pilot burner along an axis of the burner;

arranging concentrically an annular channel that supplies an oxidant;

arranging a plurality of supply elements outside the annular channel concentric to the burner axis that introduce liquid fuel, wherein the individual supply elements are arranged straight in the burner, are aligned essentially in parallel to the burner axis, have a pressure atomizer nozzle arranged on the individual supply elements on a side facing towards the mouth of the burner, and the individual supply elements end at the mouth of the burner next to an outlet of the concentric annular channel oxidant supply; and

supplying different liquid fuels to the individual supply elements.

16. The method as claimed in claim 15, wherein a pressure atomizer nozzle is attached via a screw connection to the supply element.

17. The method as claimed in claim 16, wherein the pressure atomizer nozzle atomizes the liquid fuel before it comes into contact with the oxidant.

18. The method as claimed in claim 17, wherein the annular channel narrows from the burner entry to the burner mouth.

19. The method as claimed in claim 18, wherein the annular channel has swirler devices that impart a rotational movement to the flow of oxidant.

20. A method for commissioning an oil gasification burner for liquid fuel, comprising:

providing a centrally arranged pilot burner along an axis of the burner;

arranging concentrically an annular channel that supplies an oxidant;

arranging a plurality of supply elements outside the annular channel concentric to the burner axis that introduce liquid fuel, wherein the individual supply elements are arranged straight in the burner, are aligned essentially in parallel to the burner axis, have a pressure atomizer nozzle arranged on the individual supply elements on a side facing towards the mouth of the burner, and the individual supply elements end at the mouth of the burner next to an outlet of the concentric annular channel oxidant supply;

supplying different liquid fuels to the individual supply elements;

igniting the centrally arranged pilot burner in a reducing reactor atmosphere and at slightly increased system pressure; and

increasing the reaction space pressure to the operating pressure required for ignition of the oil burner as the output of the pilot burner is increased.

21. The method as claimed in claim 20, wherein a pressure atomizer nozzle is attached via a screw connection to the supply element.

22. The method as claimed in claim 21, wherein the pressure atomizer nozzle atomizes the liquid fuel before it comes into contact with the oxidant.

23. The method as claimed in claim 22, wherein the annular channel narrows from the burner entry to the burner mouth.

24. The method as claimed in claim 23, wherein the annular channel has swirler devices that impart a rotational movement to the flow of oxidant.