Roller assembly
A roller assembly adapted to follow ground contours during operation which includes a pair of roller components each having respective inner ends connected to each other by a flexible and movable primary coupling and having their respective outer ends connected to a support shaft which extends through a hollow interior of each roller component by a secondary coupling.
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This is a continuation-in-part of International Application PCT/AU2007/001669, with an international filing date of Nov. 1, 2007, which claimed the priority of Australian Patent Application 2006906096, filed Nov. 1, 2006.
FIELD OF THE INVENTIONThis invention relates to an improved roller assembly which may be used as a drive roller or idler roller in machines or vehicles incorporating rolling apparatus for rolling of turf or grass surfaces inclusive of golf greens and bowling greens. However this is not the only application of the roller assembly of the invention which could be employed in relation to rolling of snowfields, road surfaces during preparation of roads and rolling of other uneven surfaces such as sand.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONOne conventional rolling apparatus is described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,457,903 which has a mobile main frame and at least a pair of undercarriages attached to the main frame in side by side relationship wherein each undercarriage has one or more smoothing rollers and there is further provided a control arm or plate pivotally attached to the main frame about a horizontal axis wherein each undercarriage is pivotally attached to the control arm or plate. There was further provided a transmission interconnecting each undercarriage to an operating lever or joystick wherein actuation of the operating lever or joystick causes reciprocatable pivotal movement of each undercarriage such that in use the or each smoothing roller closely follows ground contours.
It is important in rolling of golf greens or bowling greens that smoothing or idler rollers as described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,457,903 closely follow ground contours. If such is not the case the smoothing rollers may leave indentation lines or unsightly marks on the greens and this was detrimental to achievement of a smooth and even grass surface. Another problem of using smoothing rollers that did not closely follow ground contours was that surface corrugations in the greens still remained after repeated roller operations.
However while this objective was achieved in U.S. Pat. No. 6,457,903 by the use of pivotal movement of each undercarriage to closely follow surface undulations or corrugations it will be appreciated that U.S. Pat. No. 6,457,903 still incorporated a conventional drive roller shaft which was provided with a pair of stub axles at each end thereof which were attached to mounting plates rigidly attached to the chassis of the rolling apparatus. Each stub axle was also mounted in bearing carriers carrying bearings for each stub axle so as to enable the drive roller to rotate relative to the chassis. Another conventional arrangement was that the drive roller was rigidly mounted to a support shaft which extended through each end of the drive roller thereby providing the pair of stub axles. However these conventional drive roller mounting arrangements had disadvantages in that (i) on uneven ground there was created greater ground pressure resulting in an uneven surface finish due to lines, marks or impressions left on the ground surface after passage of the drive roller. Other disadvantages were (ii) that the drive roller had reduced width compared to each smoothing roller, (iii) that there was less driving friction on the ground than desired which created loss of traction in certain driving conditions and situations, especially on increased slopes or wet turf and (iv) the drive roller was rigidly mounted to a support shaft which meant that the style of roller to be employed was limited being relatively short which was not adapted to follow ground contours.
It was also to be appreciated that in relation to each of the smoothing rollers in order to achieve an objective of each smoothing roller closely following ground contours it was necessary to mount a plurality of smoothing rollers in undercarriages as described above and this procedure was relatively complicated although it operated in a perfectly satisfactory manner.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONIt therefore is an object of the invention to provide a roller assembly that is adapted to follow ground contours during operation.
The roller assembly of the invention includes in a first embodiment a pair of roller components having respective inner ends connected to each other by a flexible and movable primary coupling and having their respective outer ends connected to a support shaft which extends through a hollow interior of each driven roller component by a secondary coupling.
In a second embodiment there may be one or more intermediate or floating roller components located between the pair of roller components, which may constitute end roller components. In this embodiment each of the end roller components are connected at their respective outer ends to the support shaft which extends through a hollow interior of each end roller component and each intermediate or floating roller component by the secondary coupling. However each of the inner ends of the end roller components are connected to an adjacent end of an adjoining intermediate or floating roller component by the flexible and movable primary coupling. In the case where there are more than one intermediate floating roller components, adjacent ends of each intermediate or floating roller components are connected to each other by additional flexible and movable primary couplings.
The flexible and movable primary coupling may comprise a disc or sleeve made from natural rubber, synthetic rubber or other form of flexible or elastomeric material. In one arrangement the flexible disc may have a plurality of holes to enhance flexibility or in another arrangement may have a relatively large central aperture to enhance flexibility. Preferably the flexible disc has a peripheral flange defining a pair of adjacent shoulders for supporting an adjacent end of a roller component.
In the case of the first or second embodiment the primary coupling may be provided with a plurality of spigots or sockets which engage with corresponding sockets or spigots of an adjacent end of an end or driven roller component. In the case of adjacent ends of intermediate or floating roller components each of these may be interconnected by a primary coupling having spigots or sockets engaging with corresponding sockets or spigots of each adjacent end of the intermediate or floating roller component.
Reference may be made to a shaft assembly as shown in the accompanying drawings wherein
The roller assembly 9 shown in
In
Roller shaft 1 is also provided with reduced diameter ends 22 and 23 for location of a bearing housing (not shown) of the type discussed above in relation to U.S. Pat. No. 6,457,903 and slot 24 for retention of a pulley wheel or sprocket also of the type shown in U.S. Pat. No. 6,457,903.
In
In the case of manufacture of roller assembly 11, this is shown in
In
In another embodiment of the invention is shown in
It will also be appreciated that the position of two opposed plates 50 gives adequate clearance for operation of the roller assembly 49 wherein plates 50 are spaced from plates 52 as shown in
Reference may now be made to another embodiment of the invention shown in
Each of coupling assemblies 14A are assembled as shown in
In the embodiment of the invention shown in
Also plates 2, 6 and 8 of the
In the embodiment shown in
The roller assembly of the invention has advantages over the prior art fixed roller assemblies in that:
(i) an increased length of roller is obtainable which is in contact with the golfing green surface to provide increased friction, reduced pressure and thereby increased torque and increased traction;
(ii) superior ground hugging ability on flat surfaces or ground surfaces having variable curvature;
(iii) increased surface area with the ground lowering ground pressure;
(iv) increased traction in a driving situation;
(v) no ground ridging or line marks imparted to the ground; and
(vi) flexibility across concave or convex surfaces because of the fact that each roller component is not rigidly mounted to the support shaft.
Claims
1. A roller assembly adapted to follow ground contours during operation which includes a pair of roller components each having respective inner ends connected to each other by a flexible and movable primary coupling and having their respective outer ends connected to a support shaft which extends through a hollow interior of each roller component by a secondary coupling.
2. A roller assembly as claimed in claim 1 wherein said pair of roller components constitute end roller components and said flexible and movable coupling connects respective inner ends of each of the end roller components to adjacent ends of said one or more intermediate or floating roller components and wherein each of the end roller components are connected at their respective outer ends to the support shaft which extends through a hollow interior of each end roller component and a hollow interior of said one or more intermediate or floating roller components.
3. A roller assembly as claimed in claim 1 wherein the flexible and movable primary coupling is made from elastomeric material having a plurality of apertures to enhance flexibility.
4. A roller assembly as claimed in claim 1 wherein the flexible and movable primary coupling has a peripheral flange defining a pair of adjacent shoulders for supporting an adjacent end of a roller component.
5. A roller assembly as claimed in claim 2 wherein the flexible and movable primary coupling has a plurality of spigots or sockets which engage with corresponding sockets or spigots of an adjacent end of an end component.
6. A roller assembly as claimed in claim 2 wherein the adjacent ends of said one or more intermediate or floating roller components are connected to adjoining inner ends of each end roller component by the flexible and movable primary coupling which has spigots or sockets engaging with corresponding sockets or spigots of each adjacent end of the intermediate or floating roller component.
7. A roller assembly as claimed in claims 2 wherein each of the end roller components are attached to the support shaft by the secondary coupling wherein the support shaft has one or more lugs which are connected to the secondary coupling by fasteners.
8. A roller assembly as claimed in claim 1 wherein the secondary coupling is a disc made from elastomeric material having a central opening for the support shaft.
9. A roller assembly as claimed in claim 1 wherein the support shaft has at each end thereof one or more inner support plate(s) or disc(s) attached to or integral therewith and there is also provided one or more outer support plate(s) or disc(s) attached to or integral with an adjacent roller component and fasteners interconnect each of the inner support plate(s) or disc(s) and outer support plate(s) or disc(s) to the flexible coupling and wherein said one or more inner support plate(s) or disc(s) are spaced from said one or more outer support plate(s) or disc(s) by a gap between adjacent outer support plate(s) or disc(s) and inner support plate(s) or disc(s).
10. A roller assembly as claimed in claim 9 wherein there is provided a single inner support plate or disc and a pair of outer support plates or discs.
11. A roller assembly as claimed in claim 9, wherein there is provided an inner support plate or disc spaced from an outer support or disc by said gap which is occupied by said flexible coupling, which is clear or spaced from an internal surface of each roller component and an outer surface of the support shaft.
12. A roller assembly as claimed in claim 11, wherein said inner support plate or disc has a corrugated outer peripheral surface which engages with a corresponding corrugated inner surface of a central aperture of the flexible coupling.
13. A roller assembly as claimed in claim 11, wherein the outer support plate or disc has a corrugated inner peripheral surface surrounding a central aperture of the outer support plate or disc which engages with a corresponding corrugated outer surface of the flexible coupling.
14. A roller assembly as claimed in claim 11, wherein there is provided an outer locking ring attached to the outer support plate or disc.
15. A roller assembly as claimed in claim 14, wherein there is provided an inner locking ring attached to the inner support plate or disc.
16. A roller assembly as claimed in claim 15, wherein the inner locking ring locates within a central aperture of the outer locking ring.
17. A roller assembly as claimed in claim 14, wherein the outer locking ring is provided with fasteners that extend through apertures in the outer locking ring and aligned passages of the flexible coupling and aligned apertures of the outer support plate or disc.
18. A roller assembly as claimed in claim 14, wherein the inner locking ring is provided with fasteners that extend through apertures in the inner locking ring and aligned passages of the flexible coupling and aligned apertures of the inner support plate or disc.
Type: Application
Filed: May 1, 2009
Publication Date: Sep 24, 2009
Patent Grant number: 7997826
Applicant: TRU-TURF PTY LTD (ERNEST)
Inventor: Raymond Jeffrey Dufty (Ernest)
Application Number: 12/387,389
International Classification: A01B 29/06 (20060101);