Ripening/Storage Room with Reversible Air Flow
The invention relates to a ripening and/or storage room for produce, including fruit and/or vegetables, more particularly for bananas, and a method for storing and ripening such produce. The invention relates to the construction of said ripening and/or storage room to achieve substantially symmetrical distribution of the heat across the load stacked in room space during ripening/store periods using reversible air flow through the room.
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Reversible air flow in industrial ripening/storage rooms has long been used for cooling, heating and homogenizing a varied assortment of products. The reversibility of air flow is typically desirable because when cooling/heating a product to a predetermined temperature in an air flow, a temperature gradient forms across the product with the upwind edge (air outlet side) of the product experiencing a substantially higher/lower temperature than the downwind edge (air inlet side). The temperature gradient exists because the air flow loses (or gains) heat as it traverses the product.
While the use of reverse air flow ripening rooms is particularly desirable, several characteristics of the prior art reverse air flow ripening rooms prove to be somewhat undesirable. For example, present reverse air flow ripening/storage rooms fail to provide symmetric heat exchange (cooling/heating) profiles for both directions of air flow. Further, because it is desirable to provide a substantially symmetrical path for the air flow, present reversible air flow ripening/storage rooms route the air flow non-symmetrically across the product by reversing the air circulation mechanism, such as fans. This inherently leads to asymmetric profiles even though the air flow path may be symmetric. The asymmetric profile results from the air circulation mechanism, the fan(s), having a diminished capacity to move air in one direction versus the other. Reversing the air circulation mechanism can also result in other considerations becoming more relevant. Typically, one direction provides a suitable heat exchange profile based on:
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- 1. a full efficiency of air fans (high performance air fans are designed for efficient work in one direction only);
- 2. a certain position of the air fans relative to the heat exchanger (before or behind the heat exchanger) guarantees an effective and even air flow pattern through the air cooler surface;
- 3. a certain position of the air fans in a ripening/storage room guarantees an even air flow pattern through the goods (load) placed in boxes on pallets in the room; and
- 4. efficiency of an air barrier installed in the room (an air barrier forces the air to flow through the load placed in boxes and on pallets), while the opposite direction exhibits a substantial decrease in the heat exchange profile, often this decrease in the profile may be fifty percent or even higher.
In particular, power usage and the process of reversing the air flow must be carefully examined. For example, the volume of air circulating in industrial rooms necessarily requires circulation fans of substantial size which draw substantial amounts of electrical power. Simple reversible (symmetrical) air fans used for rooms consume about 50 to 60% more power to build up substantial air flow in both directions than high performance air fans designed for efficient work in one direction only, for the same air performance.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONThis invention is directed to a ripening/storage room having reversible air flow capability for ripening and/or storing a product such as fruit and/or vegetables. The ripening/storage room may be operably connected to a cooling/heat source for achieving a predetermined temperature within the ripening/storage room. Fan(s) may be used to circulate air within an Air Moving Unit, or “AMU”. A loading space of the ripening/storage room receives the load. Operational openings (such as vent holes, windows, ducts and/or air ducts) direct the circulating air through the ripening/storage room. The circulating air may follow a continuous path through the AMU, operational openings and the loading space of the ripening/storage room. A reversible heat exchanger or reversible air fan system and/or a pair of air reversing components (e.g., flaps, swing dampers, revolving dampers, louvre dampers, slide dampers, vertical dampers, or the like) may be positioned in the continuous path to enable reversal of the direction of the continuous path of the air flow. When the heat exchanger, air fans, and operational openings are in a first configuration, air circulates in a first direction. When the heat exchanger, air fans, and operational openings are in a second configuration, the air circulates in the opposite direction.
These and other advantages and features of the present invention will become readily apparent from the following detailed description, claims and drawings.
The drawings, which form an integral part of the specification, are to be read in conjunction therewith, and like reference numerals are employed to designate identical components in the various views:
In the following description, like reference characters designate like or corresponding parts throughout the several views. Also, in the following description, it is to be understood that terms such as front, back, inside, outside, and the like are words of convenience and are not to be construed as limiting terms. Terminology used in this patent is not meant to be limiting insofar as devices described herein, or portions thereof, may be attached or utilized in other orientations. Referring in more detail to the drawings, an embodiment of the invention will now be described.
As used herein, the term “Air Movement Unit, or “AMU” refers to a unit primarily responsible for achieving and/or maintaining the temperature of air distributed to the ripening/storage room. By “air,” it is meant any fluid that circulates inside the ripening/store room during controlled atmosphere storage. By “circulation,” it is meant blowing (or drawing) of air through the system, including, for example, a load (4) stacked inside a ripening/storage room through air intakes/air outlets and then guiding it through a part of the ripening/storage room comprising machinery. As used herein, the term “Controlled Atmosphere” means air maintained at a particular predetermined atmosphere. For example, a control atmosphere used for “green transport” (such as that for the transport of green bananas) may comprise N2 at about 88.0%, O2 at about 6.0%, and CO2 at about 6.0%. As used herein, “Normal Air” generally comprises N2 at about 78%, O2 at about 21% and CO2 at about 0.035%.
As shown in the Figures, the AMU (1) may comprise an air cooler (3) that may comprise a heat exchanger (24), air fans (23), air shutters, and auxiliary equipment. The AMU (1) may be built in the form of a closed housing connected to a loading/operational space of the ripening/storage room (1) through a system of operational openings in the form of vent holes, doors, windows, a system of air ducts, or the like. The AMU (2) may be installed on the roof of the ripening/storage room (1), or at the rear end of it behind the loading space. According to the invention, air may be cooled (or heated) and guided across a load (4). Load (4) may comprise product, such as fruit and/or vegetables, or the like. Product may be placed in boxes and loaded on the pallets in essentially the horizontal direction to form the load (4). Air may then be circulated through the load (4).
Product (for example, fruits and/or vegetables) may be loaded in boxes and stacked on pallets/boxes (collectively, the “load” (4)) in the so-called “tight stack” manner, wherein air gaps among boxes and pallets may be substantially absent. In this aspect, pallets stacked tightly to each other may form a wall-like construction such that operational air pushed by fans may be forced to flow through the load (4). The ripening/storage room, in accordance with this invention, may be built in a variety of sizes depending on the capacity desired. The ripening/storage room (1) shown in the drawing (
In a reversing the air flow in the system shown in
The reversible system with rotatable air fans frame shown in the figures may create some asymmetry of cooling/heating during operation in the normal vs. reverse direction. This may be compensated for by intelligent process management.
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- 1. Ripening/storage room
- 2. Air Management Unit (AMU)
- 3. Air Cooler
- 4. Load (e.g., banana pallets)
- 5. Dampers (door side)
- 6. Dampers (rear side)
- 7. Suction operational openings (windows)
- a—in center
- b—on side
- 8. Blowing operational openings (windows)
- a—on side
- b—in center
- 9. Room walls
- 10. Room ceiling
- 11. Rear wall of the room
- 12. Floor
- 13. Room door
- 14. Front wall
- 15. Air bags
- 16. Air flow (normal direction)
- a—inlet
- b—outlet
- 17. Air flow (reverse direction)
- a—inlet
- b—outlet
- 18. Space on wall side
- 19. Space in room center
- 20. ===
- 21. Supply air
- 22. Return air
- 23. Air fans
- 24. Heat exchanger
- 25. Side swing dampers (4 piece system)
- 26. Central swing dampers (4 piece system)
- 27. Swing dampers (2 piece system)
- 28. ===
- 29. ===
- 30. Revolver dampers (side)
- 31. Revolver damper (center)
- 32. ===
- 33. Louvre dampers (side)
- 34. Louvre damper (center)
- 35. ===
- 36. Slide dampers
- 37. ===
- 38. Vertical dampers (suck side)
- 39. Vertical dampers (blow side)
- 40. ===
- 41. air duct (suck & center)
- 42. air duct (suck & side)
- 43. air duct (suck & side)
- 44. air duct (suck & center)
Claims
1. A storage/ripening unit comprising:
- (a) a storage/ripening room; and
- (b) an air management unit comprising an air cooler comprising at least one fan and at least one heat exchanger;
- said storage/ripening room being operably connected to said air management unit via at least two operational openings;
- wherein said air movement unit is capable of providing substantially symmetrical air flow; and
- wherein said air movement unit is capable of reversing the direction of said symmetrical air flow through said storage/ripening room.
2. A storage/ripening unit according to claim 1, wherein said at least two operational openings are operably connected to at least one air reversing component, said air reversing component capable of reversibly blocking said at least one operational openings.
3. A storage/ripening unit according to claim 1, wherein said at least two operational openings are operably connected to at least one air reversing component, said air reversing component capable of reversibly blocking said at least two operational openings.
4. A storage/ripening unit according to claim 2, wherein said at least one air reversing component is selected from swing dampers, revolver dampers, louvre dampers, slide dampers, vertical dampers, air ducts, and combinations thereof.
5. A storage/ripening unit according to claim 1, said direction of air flow being selected from a normal air flow and a reverse air flow,
- wherein said normal air flow is in a direction flowing from the storage/ripening room walls to the storage/ripening room center; and
- wherein said reverse air flow is in a direction flowing from the storage/ripening room center to the storage/ripening room walls.
6. A storage/ripening unit according to claim 1, wherein said at least two operational openings comprise at least one suction side operational opening, at least one blowing side operational opening, at least one suction center operational opening, and at least one blowing center operational opening.
7. A storage/ripening unit according to claim 6, wherein said direction of air flow is selected from a normal air flow and a reverse air flow,
- wherein said normal air flow flows from the storage/ripening room through said at least one center suction operational openings; and
- wherein said reverse air flow flows from the at least one side blowing operational opening.
8. A storage/ripening unit according to claim 1, wherein said air movement unit is located on the roof of said room.
9. A storage/ripening unit according to claim 1, wherein said air movement unit is located at the rear of said room behind a loading space.
10. A storage/ripening unit according to claim 1, wherein said reversing the direction of air flow results from rotation of said heat exchanger and said at least one air fan.
11. A storage/ripening unit according to claim 1, wherein said reversing of air flow results from rotation of a frame comprising said at least one air fan.
12. A storage/ripening unit according to claim 1, wherein said air fans are placed before or behind said heat exchanger.
13. A storage/ripening unit according to claim 1, wherein said air movement unit is operably connected to a loading space of said room by an operational opening selected from vent holes, windows, or combination thereof, wherein said opening is capable of being opened or closed by revolving or sliding of air dampers, thereby reversing the direction of air flow.
14. A storage/ripening unit comprising
- (a) a storage/ripening room;
- (b) an air management unit comprising an air cooler comprising at least one air fan and at least one heat exchanger, said air cooler being capable of being reversed by 180 degrees;
- (c) at least two center operational openings connecting said storage/ripening room and said air management unit;
- (d) at least four side operational openings connecting said storage/ripening room and said air management unit; and
- (e) at least two air reversing components capable of reversibly blocking said center and said side operational openings;
- wherein said storage/ripening unit comprises a first configuration of said heat exchanger, said air fan, and said operational openings such that air circulates in a first direction; and
- wherein said storage/ripening unit comprises a second configuration of said heat exchanger, said air fan, and said operational openings such that air circulates in a second direction.
15. A storage/ripening unit according to claim 14, having a first configuration wherein said center operational openings are reversibly closed by said air reversing component, and said side operational openings are reversibly open by said air reversing component, such that the air flow is in a first direction.
16. A storage/ripening unit according to claim 14, having a second configuration wherein said center operational openings are reversibly open by said air reversing component, and said side operational openings are reversibly closed by said air reversing component, such that the air flow is in a second direction.
17. A storage/ripening unit according to claim 14, wherein said air reversing component is selected from a swing damper, a revolving damper, a louver damper, a slide shutter, a vertical swing shutter, an air duct, and combinations thereof.
18. A method of ripening and/or storing product comprising the step of placing said product in a storage/ripening unit according to claim 1.
19. A method of ripening and/or storing product according to claim 18, wherein said product comprises produce.
20. A method of ripening and/or storing product according to claim 18, wherein said product comprises bananas.
Type: Application
Filed: Mar 12, 2010
Publication Date: Feb 10, 2011
Applicant: Chiquita Brands, LLC. (Cincinnati, OH)
Inventors: Stanislaw Franaszek (Tulln), Olaf Van Dooren (Veldhoven), Leon Hooghart (Heenrjansdam), Adriaan van Beek (Ammerzoden)
Application Number: 12/723,051
International Classification: E04H 7/22 (20060101);