AUTOMATED CAROUSEL DRILL PIPE STORING AND HANDLING SYSTEM AND METHOD
A portable drilling rig including a carousel housing several drill pipe sections used in drilling oil, gas, or other wells into the earth. The carousel indexes the drill pipe sections as a mast raises and lowers a kelly, rotated by a top head. The kelly temporarily attaches to a stored drill pipe section and lowers it into the earth where the drill pipe section is connected to an existing drill string. This entire process is automated so that no human interaction with the actual drill pipe section is necessary. The entire carousel rig may be loaded onto a truck bed or other transportation device to be delivered to a site where drilling is to occur.
This application claims priority in U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/318,133, filed Mar. 26, 2010, which is incorporated herein by reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally drilling rig design as used in well drilling and in the production (e.g. oil and gas) industry, and more specifically to an automated drill-through carousel rig.
2. Description of the Related Art
As is generally known, underground petroleum reserves, water, and soluble minerals are accessed through vertical bores which extend downwardly through the earth. To create a vertical bore, a rotating metal tube having a leading bit or cutting element is penetrated through the crust of the earth's surface and is advanced downwardly until the tube reaches a bearing formation. The drilling string is then withdrawn from the bore and oil or other desired substances are pumped upwardly from the formation and through the bore with known extraction techniques.
Generally, a flexible, rotary drill string is inserted through the vertical portion of an existing straight well bore. When the leading end of the drill string reaches the maximum available depth, a new length of drill pipe must be added to the drill string. The drill string is continuously advanced in this way by adding additional lengths of drill pipe.
It may be understood from the foregoing that in order to create a suitable well bore a drill string must be advanced until the drill reaches a subterranean target, i.e. a bearing formation. Typically, additional drill pipe sections are secured onto the existing drill string using manual labor. Metal drill pipe sections are very heavy and awkward to handle, making the installation and operation of the drill pipe both cumbersome and dangerous. The extreme weight of metal drill pipe sections produces large friction forces when the pipe is rotated about an axis off vertical, such as when the pipe is used to drill a horizontal bore. This can create safety risks to the workers securing the drill pipe sections to the existing drill string.
During the drilling of water, oil and gas wells, an elongated “string” of pipe is made up of separate sections of pipe. For example, drill pipe sections can be in lengths of 30 feet (9.1 meters) and casing is typically in lengths of 40 feet (12.2 meters) that are connected end to end as drill progresses into the earth. The lower end of the string carries a drill bit. These same sections of pipe are separated from the drill string one joint at a time when the drill string is removed from the well bore.
Drill pipe sections can be stored (e.g. horizontally) on pipe racks next to the drill rig cat walk. Typically, the drill rig floor is at a considerably higher elevation than the pipe racks and cat walk. Drillers often face the problem of transferring drill pipe from the pipe rack to the elevated rig deck.
One of the problems with the transportation of drill pipe is that of maintaining a proper orientation of the section of the drill pipe relative to the rig floor, especially when it is about to be either removed from the pipe transportation unit to the rig floor or transferred from the rig floor back to the pipe transportation unit. For example, it is important that the pipe be oriented in the correct position so that it can be elevated to lower the collar of the pipe directly into waiting pipe elevators.
Another problem with the transportation of pipe racks to the drill floor is that the pipe is typically stacked in layers. This means that each layer must be unstacked one layer at a time. Pipe can be stacked many layers thick especially if the drilling operation is going very deep into the earth.
A third problem with pipe transportation devices is that the drill pipe used in drill strings comes in a variety of widths and lengths. Systems that transport, store, and handle drill pipe sections must effectively support a wide range of drill pipe sizes. Heretofore there has not been available an automated carousel drill pipe storing and handling system and method with the advantages and features present in the current invention.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONIt is an object of the present invention to increase the efficiency and safety aspects of typical terrestrial drilling rig applications. The present invention utilizes a carousel housing several drill pipe sections used in drilling oil, gas, or other wells into the earth. The carousel indexes the drill pipe sections as a mast raises and lowers a kelly, rotated by a top head. The kelly temporarily attaches to a stored drill pipe section and lowers it into the earth where the drill pipe section is connected to an existing drill string. This entire process is automated so that no human interaction with the actual drill pipe section is necessary.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drilling carousel rig is compact enough to be loaded onto a flat bed truck or other transportation device. The rig is easily transported to the site where drilling is to commence. The rig may be righted on the back of the truck and drilling may proceed while the rig is still situated on the back of the truck, or the rig alternatively may be removed from the truck and positioned in a desired location.
The carousel drilling rig is intended to be a unitary drilling rig containing the necessary drill pipe sections within the carousel housing itself The act of increasing the drill string, and thus the depth of the will, is automated. The only human interaction with the entire rig is with the control device that commands the mast, top head assembly, and hydraulic or electric motors driving the device.
Typical drill strings are advanced by laborers manually adding a drill pipe section between the kelly and the advanced drill string. This is inefficient because the drill string must be hauled into position and safety concerns dictate that the drilling process proceed slowly to protect the laborers. By automating the drilling process, drilling is more efficient because safety concerns are not an issue and the drill pipe sections located in the carousel housing are automatically lined up to be added to the drill string.
In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate the principles of the present invention and an exemplary embodiment thereof:
As required, detailed aspects of the disclosed subject matter are disclosed herein; however, it is to be understood that the disclosed aspects are merely exemplary of the invention, which may be embodied in various forms. Therefore, specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art how to variously employ the present invention in virtually any appropriately detailed structure.
Certain terminology will be used in the following description for convenience in reference only and will not be limiting. For example, up, down, front, back, right and left refer to the invention as orientated in the view being referred to. The words, “inwardly” and “outwardly” refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, the geometric center of the aspect being described and designated parts thereof. Forwardly and rearwardly are generally in reference to the direction of travel, if appropriate. Said terminology will include the words specifically mentioned, derivatives thereof and words of similar meaning.
II. Embodiment of a Carousel Drill Pipe Handling Rig (Carousel Rig) 2Generally, the present embodiment is a carousel drill pipe handling rig 2 also referred to herein as a carousel rig. The present embodiment is generally preferable over the prior art because it requires less human labor, thus increasing safety and efficiency simultaneously.
As shown in
The carousel 4 holds several pieces of drill pipe 6 in a quasi-circular drum. The carousel 4 is rotated by mechanical means, such as a hydraulic or electric motor. The carousel is a “drill-through” carousel. The carousel rotates around the mast 7, but otherwise does not move. Unlike previously used drill pipe carousels, the present embodiment does not include a carousel that swings in or out when making connections between pipe sections. The feed cylinder 16 is a hydraulic cylinder which provides pull-down and pull-back for the carousel rig 2. The mast 7 passes through the cylinder and raises the tophead 8, kelly12, and floating sub 10. The kelly 12 is a drill pipe section that is semi-permanently affixed to the tophead 8. The tophead provides rotation to the kelly 12 allowing the threaded connection end 14 to connect to proximal end 20 of drill pipe sections 6 contained in the carousel 4, forming the kelly connection 30 between the drill pipe section 6 and the kelly 12.
The advantages of the present invention are made possible by the automation of the most dangerous elements of the drilling process. The drill pipe section connection process is technically difficult and may be dangerous to laborers who must handle the drill pipe sections as they kelly connects to them. Manually connecting the spinning drill pipe sections typically has been inefficient due to the necessity on human interaction and the concerns for human safety. With the present invention, the only necessary human interaction is with the controls of the mechanical elements. The connection of the top head and kelly, the kelly and the drill pipe, and the drill pipe and drill string are all done using the rotation of the top head as controlled remotely. Thus no human laborer must be near or in contact with the drill pipe as the drilling process is being engaged.
It is to be understood that while certain aspects of the disclosed subject matter have been shown and described, the disclosed subject matter is not limited thereto and encompasses various other embodiments and aspects. The above-mentioned steps and components are not meant to limit the use or organization of the present invention. The steps for performing the method may be performed in any logical method and in any logical order.
Claims
1. A drill pipe storing and handling apparatus comprising:
- a hydraulically powered drill pipe carousel including a top face, a bottom face, and a plurality of spaced stations around said carousel for housing a plurality of drill pipe sections of varying length and width;
- said drill pipe sections comprising a shaft, a male-threaded distal end, and a female-threaded proximal end;
- a mast, including a top end and a bottom end, extending through the center of said drill pipe carousel, said bottom end affixed to the bottom face of said carousel;
- a top head attached to the top end of said mast;
- a drill pipe section (kelly) permanently attached to said top head; and
- said top head being adapted for accepting a drill pipe section from said carousel and providing rotation to said drill pipe section, so as to fit the male-threaded distal end of said drill pipe section into the female-threaded proximal end of an existing drill string.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
- a vehicle;
- a mounting bracket located on said vehicle;
- said mounting bracket adapted for holding said drill pipe carousel in place on the vehicle;
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein said vehicle is a flatbed truck of sufficient length to allow the drill pipe carousel to lay lengthwise on the truck bed.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, further comprising;
- a hydraulic lift connected to said drill pipe carousel; and
- said hydraulic lift adapted for raising said drill pipe carousel from a laying position lengthwise on said truck bed to a vertical position extending over the end of said truck bed.
Type: Application
Filed: Mar 28, 2011
Publication Date: Sep 29, 2011
Inventor: D. Aaron Harmon (Enid, OK)
Application Number: 13/073,481
International Classification: E21B 19/20 (20060101);