Solar Collector
This invention presents a trough-shaped solar collector. The solar collector includes a trough-shaped reflector for concentrating incoming solar rays upon a focal axis. The reflector includes a flexible reflective film having a concave reflective surface. The reflective film is braced by a bulkhead-and-rod frame that is disposed inside the concave space created by the reflective surface of the reflective film. The reflective film is placed in longitudinal tension using spring clamps, and is intermediately held against bulkhead members using straps. The solar collector has a variety of support rod patterns to maintain the integrity of the bulkhead-and-rod frame. The solar collector may be collapsed into a smaller space for shipping or storage.
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This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/707,063 filed on Feb. 17, 2010.
STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENTThis invention was made with government support under grant 2011-33610-30472 awarded by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA). The government has certain rights in the invention.
APPENDIXNot Applicable.
FIELD OF THE INVENTIONThis invention generally relates to collectors and, more specifically, to an improved trough-shaped solar collector structure and an improved method for assembly and maintenance.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONVarious solar collectors have been used to capture solar energy for use. Such solar collectors employ reflectors or refractors to concentrate incoming solar rays upon a focal point or focal axis. Solar collectors employing reflectors with parabolic reflective surfaces are usually less expensive and thus economically more attractive than ones with refractors, such as lenses.
Reflectors for solar collectors usually include a reflective material and support structures therefor. Various materials are employed for the reflective material, such as glass, segmented sheets, or molded composite plastic materials. As the size of reflectors has increased to produce significant quantities of energy from solar energy, the weight and size of the reflector structure have also increased. As a consequence, the cost associated with the manufacture of reflectors economically prohibits a large scale adoption of solar collectors.
Many known solar collectors employ longitudinally extending trough-shaped reflectors. The trough-shaped reflectors are of parabolic cross section or configuration. The known trough-shaped reflectors are not only difficult to fabricate, but also require the use of relatively expensive reflective materials and/or heavy support structures. Accordingly, none is economically attractive.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONThe present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems occurring in the prior art, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a solar collector that can be manufactured with light weight and at low cost. It is another object of the present invention to provide a trough-shaped or parabolic-shaped solar collector that can be easily fixed or replaced.
To achieve the above object, in one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a reflector for a solar collector. The reflector includes a reflective member and a support member. The reflective member has a concave reflective surface for reflecting solar rays. The support member braces the reflective member such that the reflective surface is kept concave to form a generally trough or parabolic shape. The support member contacts the concave reflective surface.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the support member includes two end bulkheads. Each of the end bulkheads has a generally parabolic outer contour. The generally parabolic outer contour contacts the concave reflective surface. Additionally, the support member can also include one or more middle bulkheads between the end bulkheads. The middle bulkhead also has a generally parabolic outer contour that contacts the concave reflective surface. Additionally, the support member includes a longitudinally extending spine that connects between the end bulkheads. Preferably, the spine supports the end bulkheads such that the distance between the end bulkheads is kept. Additionally or alternatively, the support member can also include a bracing or support wire attached between the end bulkheads under tension. Preferably, the bracing wire has a collar or other means to avoid slippage.
In a preferred embodiment, the reflector includes a clamp mechanism which is self-tightening. The self-tightening clamp mechanism can utilize springs for attaching the reflective member to the support member under tension. Preferably, the spring is held in compressed position. The reflector can include a yoke attached to the reflective member. The spring has a yoke receiving portion that can engage with the yoke. Alternatively, the reflector can include a binder clip attached to the reflective member. In this alternative embodiment, the spring has a clip receiving portion for engaging with the binder clip. As an alternative to the spring, flexible cordage such as a bungee cord also can be used.
In a preferred embodiment, the reflective member is a reflective membrane such as flexible film. The reflective member can be made of plastic, aluminum, stainless steel, or steel. The reflective membrane can be made of thin material, the shape of which is kept by tension. Alternatively, the reflective membrane can be made of thicker material which does not wrinkle.
In a preferred embodiment, the support member is made of webs with most material removed.
In a preferred embodiment, the reflector includes a mount on which the support member can be installed. Preferably, the mount includes a first tracking motor and a second tracking motor for driving the support member to rotate toward the sun. Each of the first tracking motor and the second tracking motor has an angle sensor. The first tracking motor and the second tracking motor communicate with each other. Additionally or alternatively, the mount includes a first extension arm and a second extension arm. The support member is fixedly attached to the first and second extension arms. As an alternative to the use of two tracking motors, the reflector can include a single motor for driving the first and second extension arms to rotate such that the first and second extension arms are simultaneously rotated so as not to twist the reflector. Preferably, the mount provides the support member a stored position such that the reflector can be moved between an operating position and a stored position.
In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a collector including a novel reflector according to the present invention and a receiver. The receiver can be one of various receivers. In a preferred embodiment, the receiver can produce both electric power and heat. In this preferred embodiment, the receiver includes a plurality of photovoltaic cells for absorbing the light and converting the light into electric power. The receiver further has a fluid conduit for collecting heat from the photovoltaic cells.
In an alternative embodiment, the collector according to the present invention can utilize a receiver that simply produces heat only. In this alternative embodiment, the receiver has a light absorbing member for absorbing the light and converting the light into heat. The receiver further has a fluid conduit for collecting heat from the light absorbing member.
In a preferred embodiment, the receiver is a V-shaped receiver. Alternatively, the reflector according to the present invention can be used with a box-shaped receiver. Yet alternatively, the receiver can be an evacuated receiver.
In yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a receiver for producing both electric power and heat. The receiver includes a plurality of photovoltaic cells for absorbing light and converting the light into electric power. The receiver also includes a fluid conduit for collecting heat from the plurality of photovoltaic cells.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the receiver further includes a connector strip. The photovoltaic cells are installed on the connector strip in a row. Preferably, the connector strip is punched and wrinkled-raised, and the photovoltaic cells are placed between neighboring wrinkles. Each wrinkle is connected to its respective next photovoltaic cell such that all of the photovoltaic cells are in series.
In a preferred embodiment, the receiver includes two connector strips: a first connector strip and a second connector strip. The photovoltaic cells comprise two rows of photovoltaic cells, each row installed on its respective one of the first and second connector strips. Preferably, the receiver includes a V-shaped base strip having two inner surfaces angled with each other. Each of the first and second connector strips is mounted on one of the two inner surfaces of the V-shaped base strip. Preferably, the receiver further has a cover. The fluid conduit is defined between the cover and the V-shaped base strip such that the fluid conduit extends longitudinally.
The receiver can further have a light-permeable front face member. The front face member is mounted on the base strip such that the front face member protects the plurality of photovoltaic cells. In the embodiment employing a V-shaped base strip, the light-permeable front face member is mounted on the V-shaped base strip such that the front face member covers the inner surfaces. The light-permeable front face member can be made of glass.
Alternatively, the receiver can have a light-permeable tube. The photovoltaic cells and at least part of the fluid conduit are located within the tube. The light-permeable tube can be made of glass. Preferably, the tube is air-evacuated.
In yet another aspect of the present invention there is provided a receiver that can produce heat. The receiver includes a light absorbing member for absorbing light and converting the light into heat. The receiver also has a fluid conduit for collecting heat from the light absorbing member. The light absorbing member can be made of black metal.
In yet another aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of manufacturing a receiver. A plurality of photovoltaic cells is installed on a connector strip. The installation is performed by punching and wrinkling the connector strip, and placing the photovoltaic cells on the connector strip such that each of the photovoltaic cells is placed between neighboring wrinkles. The wrinkles of the connector strip can be electrically connected (solder, epoxy) to their respective next photovoltaic cells such that the photovoltaic cells are in series. The connector strip is installed on a base strip such that the connector strip and the base strip is electrically insulated and thermally conducted.
Further areas of applicability of the present invention will become apparent from the detailed description provided hereinafter. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In
The reflective membrane 30 can be made of flexible material, such as plastic film that is as reflective as a mirror. Preferably, the flexible material is hail-resistant and stiff enough to prevent or reduce wrinkling problems which may deteriorate the solar ray concentrating performance of the reflector 20. The flexible material is also preferably light in weight. One example of membrane material that can make the present invention practical includes polyethylene up to about 0.050″ thick. Another example of a reflective membrane 30 is the use of a reflective film sold under the trade name REFLECTECH® Mirror Film, which reflective film can then be laminated to stiff media such as thin sheets of metal or thin sheets of stiff plastic.
The support frame 40 is made from tubular or flat stock metal and internal wire bracing. The spine 42 and the bulkheads 44, 46, 48 have place for bracing wires 50, 51B or tubes 50A (
The reflective membrane 30 is attached to the outside of bulkheads 44, 46, 48 by means of a clamp mechanism. In other words, it is critical to the invention that the bulkheads 44, 46 are disposed against the interior surface of reflective membrane 30. It is appreciated that this geometry has a disadvantage of blocking some light. However, it is believed that the device may be made of a longer dimension to compensate for the loss of energy. Moreover, as will be seen below, there are significant advantages in construction, maintenance, and material utilization that have not been appreciated by the prior art. Preferably, the clamp mechanism is self-tightening such that the harder it is pulled, the tighter it grips the membrane 30. Preferably, the self-tightening clamp mechanism can be embodied by utilizing elastic elements such as springs, or flexible cordages like a bungee cord.
As shown in
In the exemplary embodiment illustrated in
In addition, extension arms (not shown) would allow additional height so that space underneath can be used. In rain or other inclement weather, the reflector 20 is simply rotated to face the ground to assume a stored position as shown in
As seen in
In
In
Once reflective member 30 is clamped and tightened, the concave reflective surface of reflective member 30 assumes a parabolic shape due to forced contact against the outer parabolic contour of bulkheads 44, 46, 48. It is important to the invention that the reflective member 30 is held in tension by some kind of tensioning device against bulkheads 44, 46, 48, rather like a tent is held in tension, and is not fixed against bulkheads 44, 46, and 48 by screws or other permanent fastener. Therefore, it is theoretically possible for reflective member 30 to slide relative to bulkheads 44, 46, and 48 to accommodate, for example, thermal-related movement.
The reflector 20 according to the present invention can be used with various types of solar receivers. Although the reflector 20 of the present invention can be best used with a novel receiver 60 according to the present invention as described below in details, it can also be advantageously used with various known types of solar receivers. Examples of such known types of solar receivers can include a box-shaped receiver having a box with reflecting internal walls to re-reflect light to one strip of solar cells. Commercially available examples of known types of solar receivers can also include evacuated type of solar receivers. Such known receivers are not explained in details in this application.
A receiver 60 according to the present invention can use solar cells, thermal collector, or both.
In the embodiment illustrated in
First, the connector strip 64 is punched and wrinkled-raised as best seen in
As best seen in
In the illustrated embodiment, two connector strips 64, each having a row of photovoltaic cells 62 installed thereon, are placed on a base strip 66. The base strip 66 is preferably thermally conductive. The two connector strips 64 are attached to the base strip 66 with adhesive 68. The adhesive 68 is preferably electrically insulating but thermally conducting. It may be possible to perform the installation of the two connector strips 64 on the base strip 66 at the same time with the installation of the two rows of photovoltaic cells 62 on the two connector strips 64.
In the embodiment as illustrated in
A V-shaped cover 70 is soldered on to the flanges 66A to form a water jacket 71 between the cover 70 and the base strip 66. Fluid, typically water, can flow through the water jacket to cool the photovoltaic cells 62. Accordingly, the receiver 60 can produce electricity as well as hot water.
The receiver 60 can have a semicircular front (not shown) made of glass to exclude dirt. Alternatively, the receiver 60 can be installed into a glass tube (not shown). The glass tube can also be evacuated so as to cut down on heat losses.
As an alternative to photovoltaic cells 62, other types of energy converting members can be used, such as black metal for simply absorbing heat.
In
As seen in
Longitudinal spine 108 is connected to posts 130, 132, 134, 136, and 138, and is further connected to end bulkhead assembly 180, middle bulkhead assembly 182, middle bulkhead assembly 184, middle bulkhead assembly 186, and end bulkhead assembly 188. End bulkhead assembly is connected to diagonal rods 152 and 154. Middle bulkhead assembly 182 is connected to diagonal rods 156 and 158. Middle bulkhead assembly 184 is connected to diagonal rods 160 and 162. Middle bulkhead assembly 186 is connected to diagonal rods 164 and 166. End bulkhead assembly 188 is connected to diagonal rods 168 and 170.
Further connecting to the bulkhead assemblies 180, 182, 184, 186, and 188, respectively are intermediate rods 140 and 142, and end rods 194 and 196. As evident from
With respect to the bulkhead assemblies, 180, 182, 184, 186, and 188, respectively,
Each bulkhead rib 112 and 114 respectively, also has a number of outer tabs 124 (See
An alternate bulkhead assembly construction for bulkhead assemblies 180, 182, 184, 186, and 188 is shown in
Referring now to
Referring now to
Also seen in
Referring now to
In the preferred embodiment, the use of strap 216 in combination with middle bulkhead 182 is repeated for each of the other interior bulkheads, namely, center bulkhead 184 and middle bulkhead 186. As seen in
As seen in both
Referring now to
It is emphasized that the term “support rod” as used with respect to
The first support rod pattern is a vertical, cross-post arrangement, and is shown in
At middle post 136, support rod 234 is connected at an upper location and traverses diagonally downward to connect at a lower location to connect to center post 134. At middle post 136, support rod 236 is connected at a lower location and traverses diagonally upward to connect at a higher location to center post 134.
At center post 134, support rod 238 is connected at an upper location and traverses diagonally downward to connect at a lower location to connect to middle post 132. At center post 134, support rod 240 is connected at a lower location and traverses diagonally upward to connect at a higher location to middle post 132.
At middle post 132, support rod 242 is connected at an upper location and traverses diagonally downward to connect at a lower location to connect to end post 130. At middle post 132, support rod 244 is connected at a lower location and traverses diagonally upward to connect at a higher location to end post 130.
This first support rod pattern places all support rods 230-244, respectively in tension, forming opposite diagonals, that are substantially planar, between pairs of support rods 230-232, 234-236, 238-240, respectively. The purpose of the first pattern of support rods is to maintain the posts, 132-138 in parallel, and to prevent any one post from becoming skew with respect to any adjacent post.
In
The third pattern of support rods is shown in
Still referring to the third pattern of support rods in
The third pattern of support rods serves to prevent torsion of the various bulkheads.
It should be appreciated that the combination of the straps 216 on the reverse side of the middle bulkheads in combination with the second and third pattern of support rods (
In
While
In another aspect of the invention, there are provided various ways to enhance the stability of reflective film 104 in
With respect to
With foam 290, straps 216, flange 302, tension producing end bulkhead clamps 203, and the convex outer contour of bulkhead assemblies 110, the reflective film 104 is maintained in position with minimal movement or flapping. With the support rod structures, bulkhead assemblies 110, and the straps 216, the structural components of solar collector 100 are maintained geometrically consistent.
Accordingly, the present invention provides an improved way of collecting and concentrating sunlight, and further provides easier deployment and takedown.
As various modifications could be made to the exemplary embodiments, as described above with reference to the corresponding illustrations, without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the foregoing description and shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative rather than limiting. For example, reflective film 104 may be replaced by a solar-energy absorbing member 104A, such as a solar cell or a thin-film solar cell. In other words, rather than reflecting concentrated light from the sun via reflective film 104, sunlight is absorbed directly by solar-energy absorbing member 104A. In such a case, the contour of bulkhead ribs 180, 182, 184, 186 and 188 would be modified to a shallower trough shape, or even to a planar shape. Thus, the breadth and scope of the present invention should not be limited by any of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but should be defined only in accordance with the following claims appended hereto and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A solar collector, comprising:
- a reflective member having a reflective surface for reflecting light, and an opposite surface;
- a longitudinally-extending spine;
- first and second end bulkheads connected to said spine, each bulkhead having an outer contour supporting said reflective surface of said reflective member;
- a middle bulkhead connected to said spine, between said first and second end bulkhead, having an outer contour supporting said reflective surface of said reflective member, and a first and a second end; and
- a first strap disposed along said opposite surface of said reflective member, with each end of said strap being connected to one of said first end and said second end of said middle bulkhead.
2. The solar collector according to claim 1, further comprising:
- a first post connected to said longitudinally-extending spine and connected to said first end bulkhead, said first post extending in a normal direction from said longitudinally-extending spine away from the reflective surface of said reflective member;
- a second post connected to said longitudinally-extending spine and connected to said middle bulkhead, said second post extending in a normal direction from said longitudinally-extending spine away from the reflective of said reflective member; and
- a third post connected to said longitudinally-extending spine and connect to said second end bulkhead, said third post extending in a normal direction from said longitudinally-extending spine away from the reflective surface of said reflective member.
3. The solar collector according to claim 2, further comprising:
- a first set of support rods comprising first and second support rods attached diagonally between said first post and said second post;
- a second set of support rods comprising third, fourth, fifth, and sixth support rods, said third support rod being attached between said first post and one end of said middle bulkhead, said fourth support rod being attached between said second post and the other end of said middle bulkhead, said fifth support rod being attached between said second post and one end of said middle bulkhead, said sixth support rod being attached between said second post and the other end of said middle bulkhead, wherein said second set of support rods are substantially in the same plane; and
- a third set of support rods comprising seventh, eighth, ninth, and tenth support rods traversing substantially above the plane of said second set of support rods, said seventh support rod being attached between said second post and one end of said first end bulkhead, said eighth support rod being attached between said second post and the other end of said first end bulkhead, said ninth support rod being attached between said second post and one end of said second end bulkhead, said tenth support rod being attached between said second post and the other end of said second end bulkhead.
4. The solar collector according to claim 1, wherein said outer contour of said first end bulkhead, said outer contour of said second end bulkhead, and said outer contour of said middle bulkhead are trough-shaped.
5. The solar collector according to claim 1, further comprising:
- a first clamp having a first end and a second end, and having an adjustable length, said first end of said first clamp being attached to said first end of said middle bulkhead, said second end of said first clamp being attached to an end of said first strap;
- such that said first strap is indirectly connected to said first end of said middle bulkhead.
6. The solar collector according to claim 1, wherein said first strap is adjustable in length.
7. The solar collector according to claim 1, wherein said end bulkhead further comprises:
- a first bulkhead rib having a first tab cutout extending away from said first bulkhead rib, and a plurality of edge tabs along one edge;
- a second bulkhead rib having a second tab cutout extending away from said second bulkhead rib, and a plurality of edge tabs along one edge; and
- a base having a first plurality of edge-tab-receiving-openings on one side and a second plurality of edge-receiving-tab-openings on the other side, said plurality of edge tabs of said first bulkhead rib being extended through said first plurality of edge-receiving-tab-openings of said base, and said plurality of edge tabs of said second bulkhead rib being extended through said second plurality of edge-tab-receiving-openings of said base.
8. The solar collector according to claim 1, wherein said end bulkhead further comprises:
- a first bulkhead rib having a first tab cutout extending away from said first bulkhead rib at an upper location of said first bulkhead rib;
- a second bulkhead rib having a second tab cutout extending away from said second bulkhead rib at a lower location of said second bulkhead rib;
- wherein said first tab cutout of said first bulkhead rib is fixed to said second bulkhead rib at an upper location of said second bulkhead rib; and
- wherein said second tab cutout is fixed to said first bulkhead rib at a lower location of said first bulkhead rib.
9. The solar collector according to claim 1, wherein said end bulkhead further comprises:
- a first bulkhead rib having a first side with a first plurality of edge tabs, a second side normal to said first side, a third side with a second plurality of edge tabs, said third side being disposed normal to said second side and parallel to said first side;
- a base having a first plurality of edge-tab-receiving-openings on one side and a second plurality of edge-receiving-tab-openings on the other side, said first plurality of edge tabs of said first bulkhead rib being extended through said first plurality of edge-receiving-tab-openings of said base, and said second plurality of edge tabs of said second bulkhead rib being extended through said second plurality of edge-tab-receiving-openings of said base.
10. The solar collector according to claim 1, wherein said first end bulkhead further comprises a first portion and a second portion:
- wherein said first portion of said first end bulkhead is pivotally attached to said longitudinally-extending spine; and
- wherein said second portion of said first bulkhead is pivotally attached to said longitudinally-extending spine.
11. The solar collector according to claim 1, further comprising:
- said longitudinally-extending spine having a first portion and a second portion pivotally connected together.
12. The solar collector according to claim 1, wherein said first end bulkhead further comprises a first portion and a second portion:
- wherein said first portion of said first end bulkhead is pivotally attached to said longitudinally-extending spine;
- wherein said second portion of said first bulkhead is pivotally attached to said longitudinally-extending spine; and
- said longitudinally-extending spine having a first portion and a second portion pivotally connected together.
13. The solar collector according to claim 1, further comprising:
- a spring;
- a clamp attached to said reflective member; and
- wherein said spring is attached to said clamp and to said first end bulkhead.
14. The solar collector according to claim 1, further comprising:
- a hardened foam disposed on said opposite surface of said reflective member.
15. The solar collector according to claim 1, further comprising:
- a spacer disposed on said opposite surface of said reflective member; and
- a flange disposed on said spacer.
16. A solar collector, comprising:
- a reflective member having a reflective surface for reflecting light, and an opposite surface;
- a longitudinally-extending spine;
- first and second end bulkheads connected to said spine, each bulkhead having an outer contour supporting said reflective surface of said reflective member, and each bulkhead having a first and a second end; and
- a first strap disposed along the outer surface of said end bulkhead, with each end of said strap being connected to one of said first and said second end of said end bulkhead.
17. The solar collector according to claim 18, wherein said outer contour of said first end bulkhead, said outer contour of said second end bulkhead, and said outer contour of said middle bulkhead are trough-shaped.
18. The solar collector according to claim 18, further comprising:
- a first clamp having a first end and a second end, and having an adjustable length, said first end of said first clamp being attached to said first end of said first end bulkhead, said second end of said first clamp being attached to an end of said first strap;
- such that said first strap is indirectly connected to said first end of said middle bulkhead.
19. The solar collector according to claim 18, wherein said first strap is adjustable in length.
20. The solar collector according to claim 18, wherein said end bulkhead further comprises:
- a first bulkhead rib having a first tab cutout extending away from said first bulkhead rib, and a plurality of edge tabs along one edge;
- a second bulkhead rib having a second tab cutout extending away from said second bulkhead rib, and a plurality of edge tabs along one edge; and
- a base having a first plurality of edge-tab-receiving-openings on one side and a second plurality of edge-receiving-tab-openings on the other side, said plurality of edge tabs of said first bulkhead rib being extended through said first plurality of edge-receiving-tab-openings of said base, and said plurality of edge tabs of said second bulkhead rib being extended through said second plurality of edge-tab-receiving-openings of said base.
21. The solar collector according to claim 18, wherein said end bulkhead further comprises:
- a first bulkhead rib having a first tab cutout extending away from said first bulkhead rib at an upper location of said first bulkhead rib;
- a second bulkhead rib having a second tab cutout extending away from said second bulkhead rib at a lower location of said second bulkhead rib;
- wherein said first tab cutout of said first bulkhead rib is fixed to said second bulkhead rib at an upper location of said second bulkhead rib; and
- wherein said second tab cutout is fixed to said first bulkhead rib at a lower location of said first bulkhead rib.
22. The solar collector according to claim 18, wherein said end bulkhead further comprises:
- a first bulkhead rib having a first side with a first plurality of edge tabs, a second side normal to said first side, a third side with a second plurality of edge tabs, said third side being disposed normal to said second side and parallel to said first side;
- a base having a first plurality of edge-tab-receiving-openings on one side and a second plurality of edge-receiving-tab-openings on the other side, said first plurality of edge tabs of said first bulkhead rib being extended through said first plurality of edge-receiving-tab-openings of said base, and said second plurality of edge tabs of said second bulkhead rib being extended through said second plurality of edge-tab-receiving-openings of said base.
23. The solar collector according to claim 18, wherein said first end bulkhead further comprises a first portion and a second portion:
- wherein said first portion of said first end bulkhead is pivotally attached to said longitudinally-extending spine; and
- wherein said second portion of said first bulkhead is pivotally attached to said longitudinally-extending spine.
24. The solar collector according to claim 18, further comprising:
- said longitudinally-extending spine having a first portion and a second portion pivotally connected together.
25. The solar collector according to claim 18, wherein said first end bulkhead further comprises a first portion and a second portion:
- wherein said first portion of said first end bulkhead is pivotally attached to said longitudinally-extending spine;
- wherein said second portion of said first bulkhead is pivotally attached to said longitudinally-extending spine; and
- said longitudinally-extending spine having a first portion and a second portion pivotally connected together.
26. The solar collector according to claim 18, further comprising:
- a spring;
- a clamp attached to said reflective member; and
- wherein said spring is attached to said clamp and to said first end bulkhead.
27. The solar collector according to claim 18, further comprising:
- a hardened foam disposed on said opposite surface of said reflective member.
28. The solar collector according to claim 18, further comprising:
- a spacer disposed on said opposite surface of said reflective member; and
- a flange disposed on said spacer.
29. The solar collector according to claim 18, wherein said first and second end bulkheads further comprise:
- a convex surface supporting said reflective member.
30. A solar collector, comprising:
- a solar-energy absorbing member having an absorbing surface for absorbing sunlight, and an opposite surface;
- a longitudinally-extending spine;
- first and second end bulkheads connected to said spine, each bulkhead having an outer contour contacting said absorbing surface of said solar-energy absorbing member;
- a first strap disposed along the outer surface of said end bulkhead, with each end of said strap being connected to one of said first and said second end of said end bulkhead.
31. The solar collector according to claim 30, wherein said outer contour of said first end bulkhead, said outer contour of said second end bulkhead, and said outer contour of said middle bulkhead are trough-shaped.
32. The solar collector according to claim 30, further comprising:
- a first clamp having a first end and a second end, and having an adjustable length, said first end of said first clamp being attached to said first end of said first end bulkhead, said second end of said first clamp being attached to an end of said first strap;
- such that said first strap is indirectly connected to said first end of said middle bulkhead.
33. The solar collector according to claim 30, wherein said first strap is adjustable in length.
34. The solar collector according to claim 30, wherein said end bulkhead further comprises:
- a first bulkhead rib having a first tab cutout extending away from said first bulkhead rib, and a plurality of edge tabs along one edge;
- a second bulkhead rib having a second tab cutout extending away from said second bulkhead rib, and a plurality of edge tabs along one edge; and
- a base having a first plurality of edge-tab-receiving-openings on one side and a second plurality of edge-receiving-tab-openings on the other side, said plurality of edge tabs of said first bulkhead rib being extended through said first plurality of edge-receiving-tab-openings of said base, and said plurality of edge tabs of said second bulkhead rib being extended through said second plurality of edge-tab-receiving-openings of said base.
35. The solar collector according to claim 30, wherein said end bulkhead further comprises:
- a first bulkhead rib having a first tab cutout extending away from said first bulkhead rib at an upper location of said first bulkhead rib;
- a second bulkhead rib having a second tab cutout extending away from said second bulkhead rib at a lower location of said second bulkhead rib;
- wherein said first tab cutout of said first bulkhead rib is fixed to said second bulkhead rib at an upper location of said second bulkhead rib; and
- wherein said second tab cutout is fixed to said first bulkhead rib at a lower location of said first bulkhead rib.
36. The solar collector according to claim 30, wherein said end bulkhead further comprises:
- a first bulkhead rib having a first side with a first plurality of edge tabs, a second side normal to said first side, a third side with a second plurality of edge tabs, said third side being disposed normal to said second side and parallel to said first side;
- a base having a first plurality of edge-tab-receiving-openings on one side and a second plurality of edge-receiving-tab-openings on the other side, said first plurality of edge tabs of said first bulkhead rib being extended through said first plurality of edge-receiving-tab-openings of said base, and said second plurality of edge tabs of said second bulkhead rib being extended through said second plurality of edge-tab-receiving-openings of said base.
37. The solar collector according to claim 30, wherein said first end bulkhead further comprises a first portion and a second portion:
- wherein said first portion of said first end bulkhead is pivotally attached to said longitudinally-extending spine; and
- wherein said second portion of said first bulkhead is pivotally attached to said longitudinally-extending spine.
38. The solar collector according to claim 30, further comprising:
- said longitudinally-extending spine having a first portion and a second portion pivotally connected together.
39. The solar collector according to claim 30, wherein said first end bulkhead further comprises a first portion and a second portion:
- wherein said first portion of said first end bulkhead is pivotally attached to said longitudinally-extending spine;
- wherein said second portion of said first bulkhead is pivotally attached to said longitudinally-extending spine; and
- said longitudinally-extending spine having a first portion and a second portion pivotally connected together.
40. The solar collector according to claim 30, further comprising:
- a spring;
- a clamp attached to said solar-energy absorbing member; and
- wherein said spring is attached to said clamp and to said first end bulkhead.
41. The solar collector according to claim 18, further comprising:
- a hardened foam disposed on said opposite surface of said solar-energy absorbing member.
42. The solar collector according to claim 18, further comprising:
- a spacer disposed on said opposite surface of said solar-energy absorbing member; and
- a flange disposed on said spacer.
43. The solar collector according to claim 18, wherein said first and second end bulkheads further comprise:
- a convex surface supporting said solar-energy absorbing member.
Type: Application
Filed: Mar 19, 2012
Publication Date: Aug 16, 2012
Applicant: INVENTION HOUSE, LLC (St. Louis, MO)
Inventors: Phillip Gerard Langhorst (St. Louis, MO), Jerrold Tiers (St. Louis, MO), James Hoff (St. Louis, MO)
Application Number: 13/424,207
International Classification: F24J 2/10 (20060101);