SYSTEMS, ASSEMBLIES, AND METHODS OF REDUCING HEAD LOSS IN HEATING DEVICES
Low head loss systems are detailed. The systems may include chambers having low impedance to water flow therethrough and repositionable gates or other valves within the chambers. The valves may direct water as a function of whether an associated heating device is active. At least some gates may incorporate poppet valves or other high-flow by-passes.
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This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/703,397, filed Sep. 20, 2012, and entitled “Low Head Loss Device for Swimming Pool Heaters or Other Applicable Equipment,” the entire contents of which application are incorporated herein by this reference.
FIELD OF THE INVENTIONThis invention relates to flow by-pass systems and assemblies and methods of their use and more particularly, although not necessarily exclusively, to systems and assemblies within manifolds for allowing flowing water to by-pass heat exchangers or other components of swimming pool heaters when such heaters are inactive.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONU.S. Pat. No. 4,279,128 to Leniger describes an example of a heating system for recirculating water of a swimming pool. The system employs a heat pump to move heat-transfer fluid through primary coils of a heat exchanger while pool water circulates through secondary coils of the heat exchanger. Not all of the circulating pool water passes into the secondary coils, however; instead, some water continues through the circulation system unheated.
The system of the Leniger patent utilizes both a manually-operable diverter valve to divert pool water toward the heat exchanger and a three-way regulator valve further directing only a portion of the diverted water to the heat exchanger. Designed to maintain relatively constant temperature and pressure of the heat transfer fluid at the exit of the heat pump, the system causes the regulator valve to increase or decrease the amount of pool water passed to the heat exchanger as a function of heat transfer fluid temperature. No other technique of causing all water to by-pass the heat exchanger when the heater is inactive is detailed in the Leniger patent, however, nor is any diverter valve positioned in a heater manifold.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,398,562 to Saarem, et al., discloses a sample diverter valve for use with swimming pools. The valve, which is motorized, includes a single inlet and two outlets. Two drive motors are mounted on opposite sides of a drive shaft; as the shaft rotates, a diverter member is turned from a first position (connecting the inlet to one outlet) to a second position (connecting the inlet to the second outlet).
U.S. Pat. No. 6,695,970 to Hornsby details another diverter, or by-pass, valve for recirculating water systems of swimming pools. Included in the valve are both a sliding and a stationary plate, each containing multiple openings The plates are parallel and abutting; depending on the position of the sliding plate, more or fewer of its openings align with those of the stationary plate to determine water flow through the valve. The entire contents of the Leniger, Saarem, and Hornsby patents are incorporated herein by this reference.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONThe present invention provides a low-restriction chamber in a manifold of a heating device. When the heating device is inactive, water may be diverted through the low-restriction chamber for return to a recirculation system (or otherwise) so as to reduce head loss in the flowing water. By redirecting water from an inactive heating device to the low-restriction chamber, less energy may be necessary to circulate the water through the system. Additionally, by avoiding passing water through a heat exchanger when heating is not occurring, less erosion or corrosion of components of the heat exchanger occurs. Positioning the low-restriction chamber and by-pass apparatus within the manifold helps protect them from damage and should result in a less-costly by-pass system, as no separate external plumbing is required.
In some versions of the invention, present in the low-restriction chamber may be a flow gate. The gate, preferably (although not necessarily) made of lightweight material, may move between at least first and second positions. In the first position, the gate allows substantially-unrestricted flow through the chamber from an inlet to an outlet of the manifold. By contrast, in the second position, the gate diverts water through the heat exchanger of the heating device. The first position thus may be called the “open” position, corresponding if desired to situations in which the heating device is inactive. The second position would then be the “closed” position, appropriate when the heating device is active.
Any suitable actuator may cause the gate to move between (at least) the first and second positions. A solenoid, servo-motor, or other automatic device is preferably used as the actuator, although manually-operated devices may be used instead in certain instances. Also incorporated into some embodiments of the gate may be a poppet valve assembly. Such an assembly typically exists separate from any diverter valve and is designed to limit the amount of water flowing through the finned tubes of the heat exchanger. In certain versions of the invention, however, the poppet assembly is combined with the gate within the low-restriction chamber.
It thus is an optional, non-exclusive object of the present invention to provide systems, assemblies, and methods of reducing head loss in heating devices.
It is an additional optional, non-exclusive object of the present invention to provide heater manifolds or other components with low-restriction chambers.
It is also an optional, non-exclusive object of the present invention to provide a repositionable gate for directing water flow within a low-restriction chamber, both of which may be placed within a heater housing so as to avoid need for external plumbing.
It is, moreover, an optional, non-exclusive object of the present invention to provide a repositionable gate with a poppet valve assembly incorporated therein.
Other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the appropriate art with reference to the remaining text and the drawings of this application.
Illustrated in
Included in manifold 10 may be plural openings 26 and 30. Openings 26 preferably, although not necessarily, are aligned, as preferably are openings 30. A corresponding set of openings 26 and 30 may function as inlet and outlet of an associated tube 34 of a heat exchanger or similar device.
Shown especially in
Repositioning of gate 42 may be caused by any appropriate device. Preferably gate 42 is actuated by a solenoid configured to turn axle 46 which is connected to the gate 42. Rotation of axle 46 in turn causes gate 42 to pivot between (at least) its first and second positions. Persons skilled in the art will recognize that gate 42 may move in other manners, or actuated by other devices, instead though.
Gate 42 beneficially may have a solid face 50 sized and shaped to prevent passage of water when in the closed position (i.e. the area of face 50 is approximately the same as a cross-sectional area of at least some portion of chamber 38).
Incorporating poppet valve assembly 58 into gate 42 avoids any need for the separate poppet valve assembly 36 appearing in
The foregoing is provided for purposes of illustrating, explaining, and describing embodiments of the present invention. Modifications and adaptations to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art and may be made without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention.
Claims
1. A pool-water heater manifold in fluid communication with other components of a pool-water circulation system, the manifold comprising:
- a. an inlet for receiving pool water from another component of the pool-water circulation system;
- b. an outlet for transferring pool water to another component of the pool-water circulation system;
- c. a low-restriction chamber configured to allow water to flow from the inlet to the outlet;
- d. a plurality of openings for directing water to a heating device;
- e. a barrier positioned at least partially within the chamber; and
- f. means for repositioning the barrier from a first position, in which the barrier obstructs passage through the chamber of substantially all of the water received by the inlet, to a second position, in which the barrier allows passage through the chamber of substantially all of the water received by the inlet.
2. A pool-water heater manifold according to claim 1 in which the barrier has a solid face having an area approximately the same as a cross-sectional area of the low-restriction chamber.
3. A pool-water heater manifold according to claim 2 in which the barrier-repositioning means comprises an axle attached to the barrier.
4. A pool-water heater manifold according to claim 1 in which the barrier comprises a gate having a predominantly solid face with an opening therein.
5. A pool-water heater manifold according to claim 4 further comprising a poppet valve assembly incorporated into the gate.
6. A pool-water heater manifold according to claim 5 in which the poppet valve assembly comprises (a) a disc of approximately the same size as the opening and (b) means for biasing the disc toward a position in which it closes the opening
7. A pool-water heater manifold according to claim 6 in which the biasing means is a coil spring.
8. A pool-water heater manifold according to claim 7 in which the poppet valve assembly further comprises a stem.
9. A pool-water heater manifold according to claim 1 positioned internally of a housing containing the heating device.
10. A pool-water heater manifold according to claim 1 positioned externally of a housing containing the heating device.
11. A method of operating a pool-water heating system comprising:
- a. causing pool water to enter a manifold of a heating device; and
- b. positioning a barrier within the manifold so as to allow pool water to flow from an inlet of the manifold to an outlet of the manifold without significant restriction if the heating device is inactive or from the inlet of the manifold to the heating device when the heating device is active.
12. A method of operating a pool-water heating system according to claim 11 further comprising permitting a poppet valve assembly incorporated into the barrier to open when water flow to the heating device is greater than a threshold.
13. A pool-water heater comprising:
- a. a housing;
- b. a heating device within the housing; and
- b. a manifold within the housing and comprising: i. an inlet for receiving water; ii. a water outlet; iii. a low-restriction chamber configured to allow water to flow from the inlet to the outlet; iv. a plurality of first openings for directing water to the heating device; v. a plurality of second openings for receiving water returning from the heating device; vi. a barrier positioned at least partially within the chamber; and vii. means for repositioning the barrier from a first position, in which the barrier obstructs passage through the chamber of substantially all of the water received by the inlet, to a second position, in which the barrier allows passage through the chamber of substantially all of the water received by the inlet.
14. A pool-water heater according to claim 13 in which the heating device comprises a plurality of tubes.
15. A pool-water heater according to claim 13 the barrier is not plumbed externally of the housing.
16. A pool-water heater according to claim 13 further comprising a poppet valve assembly positioned at least partly within the manifold.
17. A pool-water heater according to claim 16 in which the poppet valve assembly is incorporated into the barrier.
Type: Application
Filed: Sep 16, 2013
Publication Date: Mar 20, 2014
Applicant: ZODIAC POOL SYSTEMS, INC. (Vista, CA)
Inventor: Bruce William Maskell (Vista, CA)
Application Number: 14/027,330
International Classification: E04H 4/14 (20060101);