SOLAR ENERGY COLLECTION CONDUIT
A solar energy collection conduit (10) comprising an optical concentrator (40) incorporated into an outer tube (30) having a sunlight-transmitting ceiling (32). The concentrator (40) focuses, guides, directs, and/or otherwise concentrates sunlight towards a pipe (50). Fluid (60) conveyed by the pipe (50) can be heated to very high temperatures (e.g., up to and above about 100° C., about 200° C., and/or about 300° C.).
This application claims priority under 35 USC §119(e) to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/702,631 filed on Sep. 18, 2012. The entire disclosure of this provisional patent application is hereby incorporated by reference.
BACKGROUNDA tried-and-true solar energy collection conduit comprises an outer tube having a wall defining a collection chamber, this chamber-defining wall having a ceiling which transmits sunlight therethrough. A pipe resides within a sunlight-absorbing region of the collection chamber and conveys fluid therethrough. Reflectors and shields can be strategically placed to maximize heat transfer to the fluid-conveying pipe. And when optical concentrating lens are added to the equation, it is possible to heat the fluid to very high temperatures (e.g., up to and above about 100° C., about 200° C., and/or about 300° C.).
SUMMARYA solar energy collection conduit is provided wherein an optical concentrator is incorporated into the outer tube. In this manner, solar energy can be focused along the entire length of the fluid-conveying pipe (as opposed to spaced target areas).
Referring now to the drawings, and initially to
An optical concentrator 40 is incorporated into the wall 31 of the outer tube 30. More particularly, in the embodiment shown in
The light-transmitting ceiling 32 can preferably extend substantially the entire length of the collection chamber 30. And the optical concentrator 40 can preferably extend substantially the length of the light-transmitting ceiling 32.
As only the ceiling 32 need be transparent to sunlight, non-ceiling sections of the wall 31 can be made of a nontransparent material. If the light-transmitting ceiling 32 is formed in one piece with rest of the chamber-defining wall 31, non-ceiling sections can be made opaque by, for example, painting them black. The chamber-defining wall 31 and/or the light-transmitting ceiling 32 can be made from acrylic (e.g., PMMA), polycarbonate, and/or traditional glass materials. They can be formed by injection molding, compression molding, extrusion, machining, or cell casting.
The solar energy collection conduit 10 can further comprise a pipe 50 and a fluid 60 which is conveyed therethrough. The fluid-conveying pipe 50 resides in the sunlight-absorbing region 21 of the collection chamber 20. The pipe 50 can be made of a metal (e.g., copper), ceramic, or any other heat-conducting material. The fluid can be water, seawater, oil, refrigerant, or other suitable liquid or gas. Thanks to the optical concentrator 40, it is possible to heat the fluid 60 within the pipe 50 to very high temperatures (e.g., up to and above about 100° C., about 200° C., and/or about 300° C.).
A reflector plate 70 can be positioned to reflect sunlight upwards back into the sunlight-absorbing region 21 of the collection chamber 20. In the illustrated embodiments, for example, the plate 70 is positioned beneath the fluid-conveying pipe 50. Other reflection and/or refraction devices can be positioned within the chamber 20. And conduits 10 and/or chambers 20 without such devices are feasible and foreseeable.
Referring additionally to
In the conduit 10 shown in
In the conduit 10 shown in
In the conduit 10 shown in
The substrate 41 can be formed in one piece with the chamber-defining wall 31. Alternatively, the substrate 41 can be formed as a separate piece from the wall 31 and then attached thereto by notching, press-fitting, adhesive, soldering, or other appropriate attachment techniques. A further option is to mold or otherwise form the substrate 41 onto the wall 31. The features 42 can be formed at the same time as the rest of the substrate 41 and/or they can be featured thereon during a latter manufacturing stage.
The substrate 41 can be made of any suitable material which is optically transparent, compatible with attachment to the wall 31, and capable of carrying the sunlight-concentrating features 42. Acceptable candidates could include, for example, acrylic, polycarbonate, or glass. The substrate 41 and/or the features 42 can be made by injection molding, compression molding, extrusion, machining, and/or cell casting.
As shown in
And as shown in
One may now appreciate that a solar energy collection conduit 10 is provided wherein an optical concentrator 40 is incorporated into the outer tube 30. Although the conduit 10, the chamber 20, the tube 30, the concentrator 40, the pipe 50, the fluid 60, the plate 70, the cell 80, and/or the systems 91-94 have been shown and described with respect to certain embodiments, it is obvious that equivalent alterations and modifications will occur to others skilled in the art upon the reading and understanding of this specification and the annexed drawings.
Claims
1. A solar energy collection conduit comprising:
- a collection chamber including a sunlight-absorbing region,
- an outer tube having a wall defining the collection chamber, this chamber-defining wall having a ceiling which transmits sunlight therethrough, and
- an optical concentrator concentrating sunlight transmitted therethrough to the sunlight-absorbing region of the collection chamber;
- wherein the optical concentrator is incorporated into the outer tube.
2. A solar energy collection conduit as set forth in claim 1, wherein the optical concentrator extends substantially the length of the light-transmitting ceiling.
3. A solar energy collection conduit as set forth in claim 1, wherein the light-transmitting ceiling extends substantially the length of the collection chamber.
4. A solar energy collection conduit as set forth in claim 1, wherein the light-transmitting ceiling is formed in one piece with the rest of the chamber-defining wall.
5. A solar energy collection conduit as set forth in claim 1, wherein the optical concentrator comprises a substrate and sunlight-concentrating features formed on this substrate.
6. A solar energy collection conduit as set forth in claim 5, wherein the sunlight-concentrating features comprise Fresnel prisms.
7. A solar energy collection conduit as set forth in claim 5, wherein the sunlight-concentrating features comprise meniscus lens.
8. A solar energy collection conduit as set forth in claim 5, wherein the sunlight-concentrating features comprise planoconvex lens.
9. A solar energy collection conduit as set forth in claim 1, wherein the substrate is attached to the sunlight-transmitting ceiling.
10. A solar energy collection conduit as set forth in claim 9, wherein the substrate extends downward from an interior surface of the sunlight-transmitting ceiling and the sunlight concentrating features are formed on an upper surface of this substrate.
11. A solar energy collection conduit as set forth in claim 9, wherein the substrate extends upward from an exterior surface of the sunlight-transmitting ceiling and the sunlight-concentrating features are formed on a lower surface of this substrate.
12. A solar energy collection conduit as set forth in claim 1, wherein the substrate is situated within the chamber below the light-transmitting ceiling and above the sunlight-absorbing region.
13. A solar energy collection conduit as set forth in claim 12, wherein the substrate extends across the width of the outer tube.
14. A solar energy collection conduit as set forth in claim 13, wherein the substrate is formed in one piece with the outer tube.
15. A solar energy collection conduit as set forth in claim 13, wherein the substrate is formed separate from the outer tube and then bonded thereto.
16. A solar energy collection conduit as set forth in claim 1, further comprising a fluid-transferring pipe residing within the sunlight-absorbing region of the collection chamber.
17. A solar energy collection conduit as set forth in claim 16, claims, comprising a fluid being conveyed within the pipe.
18. A solar energy collection conduit as set forth in claim 17, wherein the fluid is water, seawater, air, refrigerant, or oil.
19. A solar energy collection cell comprising a plurality of the solar energy collection conduits as set forth in claim 16, wherein the conduits' fluid-conveying pipes are connected in series.
20. A system comprising the solar energy collection cell set forth in claim 19, wherein the cell is the fluid-heating component, and wherein the system is a power generation system, a water heating system, a desalination system, or a heat battery reconstitution system.
Type: Application
Filed: Sep 18, 2013
Publication Date: Jul 3, 2014
Inventor: David George Allen (Willoughby, OH)
Application Number: 14/029,932
International Classification: F24J 2/05 (20060101);