Active Control System for Diesel Particulate Filter
An active control system for diesel particulate filter includes a particulate filter unit, at least one sensor, a control unit, and a bypass unit. The sensor is in fluid communication with the particulate filter unit and electrically connected with the control unit so that the sensor is able to communicate with the control unit regarding the pressure and temperature readings of the exhaust gas flow. The bypass unit is in fluid communication with the particulate filter unit while a control valve of the bypass unit is electrically connected with the control unit. The control unit is able to operate the control valve depending upon the pressure and temperature readings of the sensor so that the bypass unit can be activated for the exhaust gas flow, where the bypass unit decreases the particulate matter buildup within the particulate filter unit and eliminates high engine exhaust back pressure.
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The current application claims a priority to the U.S. Provisional Patent application Ser. No. 61/937,022 filed on Feb. 7, 2014.
FIELD OF THE INVENTIONThe present invention relates generally to exhaust emission reduction systems for diesel engine exhaust streams that have diesel particulate filters. More specifically, the present invention is an active control system that reduces particulate matter buildup in the diesel particulate filters while eliminating high engine exhaust back pressure.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONDiesel Particulate Filters (DPF's) used in the exhaust stream of a diesel engine are susceptible to plugging as a result of particulate matter coming from the engine exhaust under certain engine operating conditions. One, but not the only, example of such an operating condition is during the engine start up when the DPF has not reached a minimum operating temperature, known as the activation temperature, necessary for it to burn off a portion of the accumulated particulate matter. If the DPF is subject to an exhaust flow while it is below its activation temperature for too many operating hours, the channels in the DPF can become plugged decreasing the efficiency of the DPF. A plugged DPF may create engine exhaust back pressure, which exceeds the allowable specifications for the diesel engine, resulting engine stalling or possible damage to the engine. This disclosure provides a system to ensure that the DPF is less likely to become plugged from an exhaust gas flow. Additionally, the present invention also ensures that the engine exhaust back pressure does not exceed beyond the allowable specification of the diesel engine.
The present invention provides an active control system so that the exhaust gas flow for the diesel engine can be diverted into the present invention until the DPF reaches the activation temperature. The diverting process for the exhaust gas flow is carried out through a control unit as the pressure or temperature across the DPF is determined through a sensor and compared with a preset value of the control unit.
All illustrations of the drawings are for the purpose of describing selected versions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The present invention is an active control system for a diesel exhaust system so that the particulate filter of the diesel exhaust system is able to efficiently function with a minimum amount of particulate matter buildup. As a result of minimum particulate matter buildup, the present invention also eliminates unnecessary back pressure of the exhaust system that can damage the engine. The present invention comprises a particulate filter unit 1, at least one pressure sensor 6, a control unit 9, and a bypass unit 10. The general configuration of the present invention is shown In
The particulate filter unit 1 generally reduces particle emissions in the generated exhaust gas. The details of how the particulate filter unit 1 reduces amount of particle emissions are known to those with ordinary skill in the art and are not discussed further herein. In reference to
When the DPF 5 is at the activation temperature, the particulate filter unit 1 is able to efficiently burn off the particulate matter that accumulates within the DPF 5. However, when the DPF 5 is below the activation temperature, the particulate matter builds up within the DPF 5 as the particulate matter buildup negatively affects the functionality of the DPF 5. More specifically, the efficiency of the DPF 5 drastically reduces within the exhaust system due to the particulate matter buildup, resulting in high back pressure within the exhaust system. The bypass unit 10, which decreases the high back pressure from the exhaust system, comprises at least one at least one control valve 11 in addition to the diverter duct 15 and the return duct 16. In reference to
Depending on the amount of generated exhaust gas of the present invention, the bypass unit 10 can comprise multiple control valves 11 as each of the control valves 11 is control by the respective actuator 13. The input channel 12 and the output channel 14 of each of the control valves 11 are able to jointly connect with the diverter duct 15 and the return duct 16 respectively so that the control valves 11 are able to meet the increase amount of generated exhaust gas within the present invention.
The at least one pressure sensor 6 of the present invention can comprise different configurations as a sample reading measured from the at least one pressure sensor 6 is either an upstream pressure value or an upstream pressure value and a downstream pressure value. A preset value that is entered by the user of the control unit 9 is required for the functionality of the bypass unit 10 and is determined based on the allowable exhaust gas back pressure listed in the engine manufacturer's specifications.
In reference to
In reference to
Additionally, the present invention may comprise an inlet temperature sensor and an outlet temperature sensor, where the inlet temperature sensor and the outlet temperature sensor can be jointly or individually utilized in conjunction with the at least one pressure sensor 6. In a first alternative embodiment, the present invention utilizes the inlet temperature sensor, where the inlet temperature sensor is in fluid communication with the exhaust inlet 3. Then the control unit 9 is able to measure the temperature of the generated exhaust gas through the inlet temperature sensor as the inlet temperature sensor is electrically connected with the control unit 9. In a second alternative embodiment, the present invention utilizes the outlet temperature sensor, where the outlet temperature sensor is in fluid communication with the exhaust outlet 4. Then the control unit 9 is able to measure the temperature of the purified exhaust gas or the generated exhaust gas that exists from the DPF 5 before the activation temperature through the outlet temperature sensor as the outlet temperature sensor is electrically connected with the control unit 9. In a third alternative embodiment, the present invention utilizes the inlet temperature sensor and the outlet temperature sensor, where the inlet temperature sensor and the outlet temperature sensor are in fluid communication with the exhaust inlet 3 and the exhaust outlet 4 respectively. Then the control unit 9 is able to measure the temperature of the generated exhaust gas and the purified exhaust gas or the generated exhaust gas that exits from the DPF 5 through the inlet temperature sensor and the outlet temperature sensor as the inlet temperature sensor and the outlet temperature sensor are electrically connected with the control unit 9. The control unit 9 can then use an algorithm that takes into account exhaust temperature and pressure to control the operation of the bypass unit 10. The algorithm calculates the loading of particulate matter in the DPF 5 based on the long term temperature and pressure from the sensors. When the algorithm determines that the loading of particulate matter in the DPF 5 is too high the bypass unit 10 opens.
Although the invention has been explained in relation to its preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that many other possible modifications and variations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as hereinafter claimed.
Claims
1. An active control system for diesel particulate filter comprises:
- a particulate filter unit;
- at least one pressure sensor;
- a control unit;
- a bypass unit;
- the particulate filter unit comprises a housing, an exhaust inlet, an exhaust outlet, and a diesel particulate filter (DPF);
- the bypass unit comprises at least one control valve, a diverter duct, and a return duct;
- the at least one pressure sensor being in fluid communication with the particulate filter unit;
- the at least one pressure sensor being electrically connected with the control unit;
- the bypass unit being in fluid communication with the particulate filter unit through the diverter duct and the return duct; and
- the at least one bypass unit being electrically connected with the control unit.
2. The active control system for diesel particulate filter as claimed in claim 1 comprises:
- the exhaust inlet and the exhaust outlet being in fluid communication with the housing;
- the exhaust inlet and the exhaust outlet being oppositely positioned of each other across the housing;
- the DPF being internally connected to the housing; and
- the DPF being positioned in between the exhaust inlet and the exhaust outlet.
3. The active control system for diesel particulate filter as claimed in claim 1 comprises:
- the diverter duct being in fluid communication with the exhaust inlet;
- the at least one control valve being in fluid communication with the diverter duct opposite of the exhaust inlet;
- the return duct being in fluid communication with the at least one control valve opposite of the diverter duct; and
- the return duct being in fluid communication with the exhaust outlet opposite of the at least one control valve.
4. The active control system for diesel particulate filter as claimed in claim 3 comprises:
- the at least one control valve comprises an input channel and an output channel;
- the at least one control valve being in fluid communication with the diverter duct through the input channel; and
- the at least one control valve being in fluid communication with the return duct through the output channel.
5. The active control system for diesel particulate filter as claimed in claim 1 comprises:
- the at least one control valve comprises an actuator;
- the actuator being operatively coupled to the control valve; and
- the actuator being electrically connected to the control unit.
6. The active control system for diesel particulate filter as claimed in claim 1 comprises:
- the at least one pressure sensor comprises an inlet pressure sensor and an outlet pressure sensor;
- the inlet pressure sensor being in fluid communication with the exhaust inlet adjacent to the housing;
- the outlet pressure sensor being in fluid communication with the exhaust outlet adjacent to the housing; and
- the inlet pressure sensor and the outlet pressure sensor being electrically connected with the control unit.
7. The active control system for diesel particulate filter as claimed in claim 1 comprises:
- the at least one pressure sensor comprises an inlet pressure sensor;
- the inlet pressure sensor being in fluid communication with the exhaust inlet adjacent to the housing; and
- the inlet pressure sensor being electrically connected with the control unit.
8. An active control system for diesel particulate filter comprises:
- a particulate filter unit;
- at least one pressure sensor;
- a control unit;
- a bypass unit;
- the particulate filter unit comprises a housing, an exhaust inlet, an exhaust outlet, and a diesel particulate filter (DPF);
- the bypass unit comprises at least one control valve, a diverter duct, and a return duct;
- the at least one pressure sensor being in fluid communication with the particulate filter unit;
- the at least one pressure sensor being electrically connected with the control unit;
- the exhaust inlet and the exhaust outlet being in fluid communication with the housing;
- the diverter duct being in fluid communication with the exhaust inlet;
- the at least one control valve being in fluid communication with the diverter duct opposite of the exhaust inlet;
- the return duct being in fluid communication with the at least one control valve opposite of the diverter duct;
- the return duct being in fluid communication with the exhaust outlet opposite of the at least one control valve; and
- the at least one bypass unit being electrically connected with the control unit.
9. The active control system for diesel particulate filter as claimed in claim 8 comprises:
- the exhaust inlet and the exhaust outlet being oppositely positioned of each other across the housing;
- the DPF being internally connected to the housing; and
- the DPF being positioned in between the exhaust inlet and the exhaust outlet.
10. The active control system for diesel particulate filter as claimed in claim 8 comprises:
- the at least one control valve comprises an input channel and an output channel;
- the at least one control valve being in fluid communication with the diverter duct through the input channel; and
- the at least one control valve being in fluid communication with the return duct through the output channel.
11. The active control system for diesel particulate filter as claimed in claim 8 comprises:
- the at least one control valve comprises an actuator;
- the actuator being operatively coupled to the control valve; and
- the actuator being electrically connected to the control unit.
12. The active control system for diesel particulate filter as claimed in claim 8 comprises:
- the at least one pressure sensor comprises an inlet pressure sensor and an outlet pressure sensor;
- the inlet pressure sensor being in fluid communication with the exhaust inlet adjacent to the housing;
- the outlet pressure sensor being in fluid communication with the exhaust outlet adjacent to the housing; and
- the inlet pressure sensor and the outlet pressure sensor being electrically connected with the control unit.
13. The active control system for diesel particulate filter as claimed in claim 8 comprises:
- the at least one pressure sensor comprises an inlet pressure sensor;
- the inlet pressure sensor being in fluid communication with the exhaust inlet adjacent to the housing; and
- the inlet pressure sensor being electrically connected with the control unit.
14. An active control system for diesel particulate filter comprises:
- a particulate filter unit;
- at least one pressure sensor;
- a control unit;
- a bypass unit;
- the particulate filter unit comprises a housing, an exhaust inlet, an exhaust outlet, and a diesel particulate filter (DPF);
- the bypass unit comprises at least one control valve, a diverter duct, and a return duct;
- the at least one pressure sensor being in fluid communication with the particulate filter unit;
- the at least one pressure sensor being electrically connected with the control unit;
- the exhaust inlet and the exhaust outlet being in fluid communication with the housing;
- the diverter duct being in fluid communication with the exhaust inlet;
- the at least one control valve being in fluid communication with the diverter duct opposite of the exhaust inlet;
- the return duct being in fluid communication with the at least one control valve opposite of the diverter duct;
- the return duct being in fluid communication with the exhaust outlet opposite of the at least one control valve;
- the at least one control valve comprises an actuator;
- the actuator being operatively coupled to the control valve; and
- the actuator being electrically connected to the control unit.
15. The active control system for diesel particulate filter as claimed in claim 14 comprises:
- the exhaust inlet and the exhaust outlet being oppositely positioned of each other across the housing;
- the DPF being internally connected to the housing; and
- the DPF being positioned in between the exhaust inlet and the exhaust outlet.
16. The active control system for diesel particulate filter as claimed in claim 14 comprises:
- the at least one control valve comprises an input channel and an output channel;
- the at least one control valve being in fluid communication with the diverter duct through the input channel; and
- the at least one control valve being in fluid communication with the return duct through the output channel.
17. The active control system for diesel particulate filter as claimed in claim 14 comprises:
- the at least one pressure sensor comprises an inlet pressure sensor and an outlet pressure sensor;
- the inlet pressure sensor being in fluid communication with the exhaust inlet adjacent to the housing;
- the outlet pressure sensor being in fluid communication with the exhaust outlet adjacent to the housing; and
- the inlet pressure sensor and the outlet pressure sensor being electrically connected with the control unit.
18. The active control system for diesel particulate filter as claimed in claim 14 comprises:
- the at least one pressure sensor comprises an inlet pressure sensor;
- the inlet pressure sensor being in fluid communication with the exhaust inlet adjacent to the housing; and
- the inlet pressure sensor being electrically connected with the control unit.
Type: Application
Filed: Feb 6, 2015
Publication Date: Aug 13, 2015
Applicant: Safety Power Inc. (Mississauga)
Inventor: Robert M. Stelzer (Richmond Hill)
Application Number: 14/616,202